1.List out the various steps in planning?

· Define objectives.
· Develop premises. ...
· Evaluate alternatives. ...
· Identify resources. ...
· Plan and implement tasks. ...
· Determine tracking and evaluation methods.

2.Write down the types of policies?

· Formulated policies
· Appealed policy
· Imposed policy
· Written policies
· Implied policies

3.Distinguish between ‘risk’ and ‘uncertainty’ in decision making.

S. No
Risk Uncertainty

‘Risk’ condition exists when the ‘Uncertainty’ condition exists when

1. probabilities of occurrence of these probabilities are unknown.
various outcomes of the decision
are known.

2. Can be measured and quantified Cannot be measured

using theoretical models
4. What is staffing? (Nov/Dec 2014)
Staffing is the part of the management process which is concerned with the
procurement utilization, maintenance and development of a large satisfied
work force on the organization.

5.Weakness of MBO:
1.Failure to Teach MBO Philosophy
2. Failure to Give Guidelines to Goal setters
3. Difficulty in Setting Goals
4. Emphasis on Short Term Objectives
5. Danger of Inflexibility

6. Mention any four characteristics of an organization.

Division of Work: Organisation deals with the whole task of business.
Co-Ordination: Co-ordination of various activities is as essential as their
division.
Common Objectives
Co-operative Relationship
Well-Defined Authority-Responsibility Relationships

7.What is performance appraisal?

Performance appraisal evaluates the performance of worker also his
potential for development.

8.What is delegation of authority? (Nov/Dec 2015, April 2017)

Delegation of authority means that the granting of authority to subordinates to
operate within prescribed limits.

9. Define job description?

Job description is a broad, general, and written statement of a specific job,
based on the findings of a job analysis. It generally includes duties, purpose,
responsibilities, scope, and working conditions of a job along with the job's title,
and the name or designation of the person to whom the employee report

10.Describe Centralization?

Centralization refers to a setup in which the decision-making powers

are concentrated in a few leaders at the top of the organizational
structure.

11. What is Organizing & Planning?

Planning involves thinking about and preparing tasks that need
to be done to achieve specific goals.
Organization involves managing the plan and arranging each task
in the appropriate order by considering your time constraints and
workload. It also includes preparing back-up plans and solving problems.

12.Write down various steps in planning.

· Define objectives.
· Develop premises. ...
· Evaluate alternatives. ...
· Identify resources. ...
· Plan and implement tasks. ...
· Determine tracking and evaluation methods.

13.Distinguish between top down approach & bottom up approach.

The top-down approach focuses on breaking down a big
problem into smaller and understandable chunks, the bottom-up
approach first focuses on solving the smaller problems at the fundamental
level and then integrating them into a whole and complete solution.

14.What is KRA?
 Key result areas or KRAs refer to the general metrics or
parameters which the organisation has fixed for a specific role. ... It also helps
employees to align their role with that of the organisation.

15.Mention the characteristics of objectives

· Objective situational and stakeholder analysis.

· Clarity of purpose and realistic goals.
· Sense of urgency.
· Strategies that underscore your values and play to your
organizational strengths.
· Understanding your culture.
· Leadership.
· Unwavering discipline.

16.List out the steps involved in organization process.

· Reviewing plans and objectives: ...
· Determining activities: ...
· Classifying and grouping activities: ...
· Assigning work and resources: ...
· Evaluating results:

17. What are the differences between formal and informal organization?

Formal Organization is an organisation in which job of each

member is clearly defined, whose authority, responsibility and
accountability are fixed.
Informal Organization is formed within the formal organisation as
a network of interpersonal relationship when people interact with each
other.

18.What is meant by job rotation & specification?

 Job Rotation is a management approach where employees are shifted
between two or more assignments or jobs at regular intervals of time in
order to expose them to all verticals of an organization.

A job specification is a detailed description of the role, including all

responsibilities, objectives and requirements. A person specification is a
profile of your ideal new employee, including skills, experience and personality
type.

19. What are the various sources of external recruitment?

· Advertisement in Newspapers: Senior posts are largely filled by

this method. ...
· Employment Exchanges: ...
· Field Trips: ...
· Educational Institutions: ...
· Labour Contractors: ...
· Employee Referrals: ...
· Telecasting: ...
· Direct Employment or Recruitment Notice at Factory Gate:

20.Describe recruitment?
Recruitment is the process of actively seeking out, finding and hiring
candidates for a specific position or job. The recruitment definition includes
the entire hiring process, from inception to the individual recruit's integration
into the company