GEMINI VERA S.

ORBITA
BA PSYCHOLOGY

Explain briefly and give examples to illustrate each of the assumptions about
Psychological Testing and Assessment

Assumption 1:

Psychological Traits and States Exist

• There are many types of persons who exhibit distinct psychological qualities and states of mind,
hence psychological traits and moods definitely exist. When a person feels furious with someone,
they may exhibit the characteristics of an angry person, such as rapid and shallow breathing, flushed
skin, yelling, throwing items, and so on, and this is an angry state of mind.

Assumption 2:

Psychological Traits and States Can Be Quantified and Measured

• It is true that psychological characteristics and states can be measured and quantified. These are
methods for assessing human personality, and they examine a person's characteristic patterns of
traits in various contexts. For example, when a person's patience is tested by repeatedly aggravating
them, this assesses the person's patience.

Assumption 3:

Test-Related Behavior Predicts Non-Test Related Behavior

• Non-test related behaviors are also confirmed and anticipated when a certain test is conducted
because a test also involves other variables, which could result in the non-test related behaviors
being validated as well.

Assumption 4:

Tests and Other Measurement Techniques Have Strengths and Weaknesses

• Both tests and measures have advantages and disadvantages. For example, a psychological test's
strength may be that it can be used on people from various cultures, while its flaw may be that the
results may vary dramatically depending on the testing, the applicants who may lie on the test, and
the conclusion. Users of tests have a thorough understanding of the tests they employ. They
understand how a test was created as well as the conditions under which it is appropriate to
administer the test. The test users are aware of the limitations of the tests they use and how these
limitations might be overcome by incorporating data from other sources.

Assumption 5:

Various sources of Error Are Part of the Assessment Process

• Error is an unavoidable feature of every measurement process. More specifically, mistake refers to
the long-held idea that factors other than those intended to be evaluated by a test will influence test
results. Each test taker is supposed to have a true score on a test that would be achieved if there
were no random act of measurement error. In a classroom situation, for example, there is a student
who is always coughing in the middle of the tests. In essence, because one person committed the
error, other students in that classroom would be unable to function properly and focus on the test.

Assumption 6:

Testing and Assessment can be conducted in a Fair and Unbiased Manner

• Testing process can be done in an objective and fair manner. Various tests and testing programs
have raised awareness among test developers and consumers about the importance of using fair
tests. For example, if a test is conducted in an unfair and biased manner, the anticipated outcome is
doubtful. This is why, in today's world, all major test publishers aim to create instruments that are
fair when used exactly as instructed in the guidelines.

Assumption 7:

Testing and Assessment Benefit Society

• This assumption highlights the necessity of testing and evaluation in society. Through these tests
and evaluations, we can identify and evaluate people, as well as assist them in finding their proper
place or responsibilities in society. Imagine an individual with difficulties or medical concerns being
assigned to an area where he or she would injure or jeopardize his or her life if no testing and
assessment were undertaken throughout the police recruitment process. I believe that an
individual's ability to perform is limited. It would be a nightmare if there were no conducted
examinations and assessments.