University of Education Lahore

Department of English

Course Title: Curriculum Design and Instruction

Programme: BS.English

Course Code: EDUC 2118

Instructor Name: Samina Safdar

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Difference among Terms

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 How Curriculum Differs from Instruction

• Curriculum is what is taught in schools and Instruction is how curriculum is

delivered. It refers to teaching methods and styles.

• Teaching is the process of attending to people's needs, experiences and feelings,

and making specific interventions to help them learn particular things.

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 Subject Centered Curriculum
• Subject-centered curriculum revolves around a particular subject matter or
discipline. For example, a subject-centered curriculum may focus on math or
biology.

• This type of curriculum tends to focus on the subject rather than the individual.

• Curriculum developers organize the curriculum around a given subject area and
plan activities that will lead learners to the mastery of the elements of the
subject area.

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 Learner-Centered Curriculum
• It is according to the interest and tendency of children.

• Students work in pairs, in groups or alone depending on the purpose

of the activity. Students work without constant instructor monitoring.

• Students answer each other’s questions using instructor as an

information source.

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 The Hidden or Covert Curriculum
• Hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended
lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school.

• The hidden-curriculum concept is based on the recognition that students absorb

lessons in school that is a part of the formal course. For example, how they
should interact with peers, teachers, and other adults; how they should perceive
different races, groups, or classes of people; or what ideas and behaviors are
considered acceptable or unacceptable.

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 Concomitant Curriculum
What is taught, or emphasized at home, or those experiences that are part of a
family’s experiences, or related experiences sanctioned by the family. (This type
of curriculum may be received at mosque or church, in the context of religious
expression, lessons on values, ethics or morals, molded behaviors, or social
experiences based on the family’s preferences.)

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 Written Curriculum
This refers to a lesson plan or syllabus written by teachers. Another example is
the one written by curriculum experts with the help of subject teachers. This kind
of written curriculum needs to be pilot tested or tried out in sample schools to
determine its effectiveness.

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 Taught Curriculum
This is about the implementation of the written curriculum. Whatever is being
taught or an activity being done in the classroom is a taught curriculum. So, when
teachers give a lecture, initiate group work, or ask students to do a laboratory
experiment with their guidance, the taught curriculum is demonstrated.

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 Supported Curriculum
Instructional materials, such as textbooks, audio visual materials, blogs, wikis,
and others are examples of support curriculum. Other examples are playgrounds,
zoos, gardens, museums, and real life objects. It is called supported curriculum
because it helps teachers implement a written curriculum thus enables the
students to become life-long learners.

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 Societal Curriculum
Cortes (1981) defines this curriculum as the massive, ongoing, informal
curriculum gained by family, peer groups, neighborhoods, school organizations,
occupations, mass media and other socializing forces that “educate” all of us
throughout our lives. This type of curricula can now be expanded to include the
powerful effects of social media (YouTube, Face book, Twitter etc.) and how it
actively helps create new perspectives.

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