EXERCISES

Ex.1.
Consider the following words and answer the questions below.
a) loneliness b) White House c) undresses d) unthinkable e) immobility f)
decentralization g) easiest h) prefeasibility i) unhappiness j) lovelier k)
optionality l) independently m)sweeteners n)unreliable 0)unhappiness
Group the morphemes of these words into free morphemes and bound morphemes
and state whether the bound morphemes are inflectional affixes or derivational
affixes.
The first two words (loneliness and White House) have been done for you
Word Free morpheme Bound morpheme
Derivational Inflectional affix
affix
loneliness Lone -ly, -ness Ø
White House White, house Ø Ø
undresses Dress Un- -es
unthinkable Think un-; -able Ø
immobility Mobile im-; ity Ø
decentralization Centre de-; -al; -ize; Ø
-ation
easiest Ease -y -est
prefeasibility Feasible pre-; -ity Ø
unhappiness Happy un-; -ness Ø
lovelier Love -ly -er
optionality Opt ion; -al; -ity Ø
independently Depend -dent; in-; -ly Ø
sweeteners Sweet -en; -er -s
unreliable Rely -able;un- Ø
Ex.2.
Consider the following words and answer the questions below
a. examinees e. triumphed i. preplan m. optionality
b. untie f. ageless j. fastest n. prettier
c. invalid g. justice k. reuse o. mistreat
d. comfortable h. payment l. disobeys p. naked

Word Simple or Root Bound morpheme

complex
Derivational Inflectional
affix affix
examinees Complex Exam -ine; -ee -s
untie Complex Tie Un-
invalid Complex Valid In-
comfortabl Complex Comfort -able
e
triumphed Complex Triumph -ed
ageless Complex Age -less
justice Complex Just -ice
payment Complex Pay -ment
preplan Complex Plan Pre-
fastest Complex Fast -est
reuse Complex Use Re-
disobeys Complex Obey Dis- -s
optionality Complex Opt -ion;-al-ity
prettier Complex Pretty -er
mistreat Complex Treat Mis-
Naked SIMPLE Naked
Ex.3.
Consider the following words

a. humidifier d. enlightened g. carelessness j.identifiable

b. delightful e. mistreated h. Illogically k.derivational
c. disobeys f. spiteful i. Premature
Analyze the internal structure of the above words using the bracket
diagram
for example: [[dis [agree]V] V ment]N
[[[humid]Aifi]Ver]N [[delight]Nful]A
[[Dis[obey]V]Vs]V [[En[light]Aen]V]Ved]V/A
[[Mis[treat]V]Ved]V [[Spite]Nful]A
[[[Care]Nless]Aness]N [Il[[logic]Nal]A]]Aly]Adv
[Pre[mature]A]A
[[[Identi]Nfi]Vable]A
[[[Deriv]Vation]Nal]A

Ex.4.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases suggested below in order
to make the passages meaningful (some words can be used twice) (3ms)
affixes, bases, bound, derivational, free, independent, infixes, inflectional
meaningful, morphemes, prefixes, single, suffixes, syllables, verb, morphology
-----0 –MORPHOLOGY----- is the arrangement and relationships of the smallest
------1-MEANINGFUL----- units in a language. These minimum units of meaning
are called -----2---MORPHEMES---- . Note that morphemes are not identical to
----3---SYLLABLES---: the form don't has one syllable but two
--MORPHEMES---4--------, do and not. Conversely, the word Wisconsin has three
syllables but is a ------5----SINGLE---- morpheme.
It is often useful to distinguish between ---FREE--6----- and ----BOUND--7-------
morphemes. ---------8--FREE------ morphemes can be used alone as
--INDEPENDENT----9------- words - for example, take, for, each, the, panda.
----10--BOUND----- morphemes form words only when attached to at least one
other morpheme; re-, dis-, un-, -ing, -ful, and -tion are all bound morphemes. The
most familiar bound morphemes are -----11-AFFIXES------ (that is, prefixes and
suffixes), but even -----12---BASES----- (forms to which affixes are attached) can
be bound. An example of a bound base is the -cept of such words as except, accept,
deceptive, and reception.
Some languages also have ------13-----INFIXES----, which appear inside a word,
but these are not important for English. Another classification of affixes
distinguishes -------14-DERIVATIONAL---- and -----15--INFLECTIONAL----
affixes. For instance, the -s used to form plurals and the -ed used to indicate past
tense are -------16---INFLECTIONAL----- affixes.
--------17-----DERIVATIONAL---- affixes may be either prefixes or suffixes. Most
derivational ------18—AFFIXES/PREFIXES------ simply change the meaning of
the word to which they are attached (uniform, transplant, microwave,
unbelievable, desensitize). Derivational -----AFFIXES/SUFFIXES-19------
normally change the part-of-speech category and may also change the meaning of
the word to which they are attached. For example, -ify in codify changes the noun
code to a --VERB---20-------.