Name: April Jaen M. Bellezas Intstructor: Mrs.Elizabetg Poquita.

Score:

Course & Year: BSIT-FPST – 1A. Date: Nov 4,2021

Learning Activities: Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns

I. Brush Up: Answer what is asked for each based on how you have understood The
text read.

A.Differentiate the following terms and give examples to support your answer.

1. Graft and corruption – Graft, as understood in American English, is a form of

political corruption defined as the unscrupulous use of a politician’s authority for
personal gain. Political graft occurs when funds intended for public projects are
intentionally misdirected in order to maximize the benefits to private interests
.Example: When a police officer takes bribes.While Corruption is dishonest behavior
by those in positions of power, such as managers or government officials. Corruption
can include giving or accepting bribes or inappropriate gifts, double-dealing, under-
the-table transactions, manipulating elections, diverting funds, laundering money,
and defrauding investors. One example of corruption in the world of finance would
be an investment manager who is actually running a Ponzi scheme.

2. Unemployment and underemployment – Unemployment is a term referring to

individuals who are employable and actively seeking a job but are unable to find a
job. Included in this group are those people in the workforce who are working but
do not have an appropriate job. Usually measured by the unemployment rate, which
is dividing the number of unemployed people by the total number of people in the
workforce, unemployment serves as one of the indicators of a country’s economic
status.Example: such as when a worker moves to a new city and has to find a new
job. While Underemployment occurs when a person does not work full time or takes
a job that does not reflect their actual training and financial needs. That is, their job
doesn’t use all their skills and education, or provides less than full time work. This is
not the same as unemployment, which refers to people who are not currently
employed at all. Example :individual with an engineering degree working as a pizza
delivery man as his main source of income .
 3. Rape and acts of lasciviousness – Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving
sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person
without that person’s consent. The act may be carried out by physical force,
coercion, abuse of authority, or against a person who is incapable of giving valid
consent, such as one who is unconscious, incapacitated, has an intellectual disability.
Like rape, the acts of lasciviousness are committed by intimidation or force, grave
abuse of authority or fraudulent machinations. The victim is deprived of reason,
unconscious, demented or under 12 years of age. The offended party in both rape
and acts of lasciviousness can be a person of either sex.However, the act will be
considered as an attempted or frustrated rape if the offender clearly demonstrated
that his purpose for performing the act is to lie with the offended woman. Lascivious
acts are deemed preparatory acts in case of attempted rape. On the other hand, acts
of lasciviousness are considered as the offender’s final objective. If the offender
does not intend to have sexual intercourse, it will not be considered to be attempted
rape. “ If the victim is under 12, it is child abuse under Republic Act No. 7610 and the
penalty is one degree higher. Under Art. 339, acts of lasciviousness with the
offended party’s consent are committed against a female under circumstance of
seduction. Under Art. 336 Acts of lasciviousness are committed against a male or a
female under the circumstance of rape.

4. Violence and abuse - Violence is defined by an individual action. Something can be

violent, but not abusive. By some definitions, football and hockey are violent, as are
boxing and kickboxing. However, as long as rules are being followed, they’re fully
mutual and, thus, not abusive. In contrast, abuse can involve recognized violence or
not and is defined by the intention to exert control/dominance over an individual,
with the purpose of causing anger, hurt, frustration, humiliation, intimidation,
and/or helplessness. It can be physical or non-physical and can result in physical
injuries or none.

5. Terrorism and rebellion – Terrorism is, in its broadest sense, the unlawful use of
intentional violence to achieve political aims. The term is used in this regard
primarily to refer to violence during peacetime or in the context of war against non-
combatants (mostly civilians and neutral military personnel). Example : suicide
bombing. While, Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or
order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established
authority.Example: a refusal by a large group of people to follow a law.

B.Answer the following concisely yet correctly.

1.“Marawi Crisis was a lesson for us” – Lorenzana. What was he referring to as A ‘lesson’? - An
increasing element of future land warfare is expected to be urban as the dynamics of global
conflict and terrorism play out in densely populated urban environments. War can be
understood as an inherently sociocultural phenomenon that now largely occurs ‘among the
people’ as conflicts have become more political in nature. And, in the information age, this
includes the online space, thereby affording a greater role to communications technologies to
shape perceptions and affect military and political outcomes.
History shows that urban areas reduce the advantages of better equipped conventional
armies over irregular forces or non-state actors. This comes at the cost of civilian populations
trapped in the fighting as the insurgents embed themselves among urban populations

2.Why do you think there are people who evade or avoid paying their taxes? Traditionally,
economists see tax compliance as a problem of incentives. This was first formalised by
Allingham and Sandmo (1972), who focused on individual motives to pay taxes based on the
costs and benefits of doing so. In their framework, tax compliance is enhanced by increasing
penalties for evasion or the chance of detection. Economists are more reluctant to consider
social motives for tax compliance, although they have on occasions appealed to non-
pecuniary motives such as stigma, tax morale, or pro-social values.1 Such factors refer to the
social context in which taxes are paid. Individual behaviour might be reinforced or
undermined by what others do or how they react in social interactions. Tax compliance or
evasion can thus be supported by social norms. In a world where pro-tax norms take root,
even high levels of taxation may not require an overbearing system of monitoring and
auditing. Plausibly, levels of taxation we now take for granted in many rich countries (40% of
GDP or more) would not be feasible without strong tax-compliance norms.

3.Do you agree that the Filipino youth today have a very shallow knowledge of History? Support
your answer.
I don’t think the youth Filipinos have shallow knowledge of history nowadays. It would be
incorrect to think that they are uninterested or unaware of the situation. It’s just that they
have more access to current technologies, making it easier for them to search for knowledge
than they did in the past, when you had to read every line of a history book to discover what
you needed. In any case, we, individuals of all ages, profit from the modern way of life.
Although the young have become reliant on this strategy, they are not free from skipping
aspects about history, particularly our history. Mentors, on the other hand, should put in
more effort to make the dialogue more interesting.
 II. Sharpen Your Mind: Give additional causes and solutions (in words or phrase) to

The following issues/concerns.

1.Corruption
Causes solution

(1).Political (1) expose corrupt activities and risks that may

(2).Economic environment
(3).Professional ethics
otherwise remain hidden.
(2) keep the public sector honest, transparent and
accountable
(3) ensure that public sector employees act in the
public interest.

(2).Overpopulation
Causes.
(1). Mortality Rate
(2) Underutilized Contraception
(3).Lack of Female Education
Solution
(1) Promote family planning.
(2) Make education entertaining.
(3) Government incentives.

3.Illegal drugs
Causes solution
(1).Mental health disorder. (1)Know your teen’s activities. Pay attention to your
teen’s wwhereabouts.
(2)Peer pressure. (2) Establish rules and consequences
(3)Lack of family involvement. (3) Keep track of prescription drugs

4.Terrorism
Causes solution
 (1).Poverty. (1 )Be extra vigilant in places with large numbers of
people, for example metro and train stations,
(2) inequality. (2) Check the location of the emergency exits in every
building you enter.
(3) globalization (3) Don’t leave your belongings unattended.

5.Street children
Causes. Solution
sexual, physical or emotional abuse, (1) Political agreement to support and eradicate the )1(
problem
(2) urbanization (2)Aid programs for families at risk of social exclusion
by the official agencies concerned
(3) being forced into criminal activity,. (3) Aid programs for hosting organizations by the
relevant official agencies concerned

Learning Activity: Socio-Political Issues in Philippine History

III. Reflection: Indicate the things you have learned in this lesson (knowledge), the

Things you have realized and appreciated based on what you have read (values), and
The things you have discovered and wanted to do more (skills). Write five (5) for each number.

1. Knowledge

a. The Philippines, a country of more than 70 million people and with a relatively
high population growth rate, faces significant problems of poverty, and
corruption.

b. I learned about the meaning difference of unemployment and

underemployment in the Philippines.
 c. The biggest challenge to accessing food in the Philippines is the lack of income
due to unemployment. … Those who reported to be food-insecure in this area
cited lack of income (37 percent), lack of a regular job (18 percent) and droughts
and natural calamities (12 percent) as main reasons for going hungry.

d. Studying history enables us to develop better understanding of the world in

which we live. Building knowledge and understanding of historical events and
trends, especially over the past century, enables us to develop a much greater
appreciation for current events today.

e. I learned that Tax evasion is using illegal means to avoid paying taxes. Typically,
tax evasion schemes involve an individual or corporation misrepresenting their
income to the Internal Revenue Service.

2. Values

a. Studying history allows us to gain valuable perspectives on the problems of our

modern society. Many problems, features, and characteristics of modern
Philippine society can be traced back to historical questions on our colonial past,
as well as our pre-colonial culture.

b. Studying history allows us to observe and understand how people and societies
behaved. For example, we are able to evaluate war, even when a nation is at
peace, by looking back at previous events. History provides us with the data that
is used to create laws, or theories about various aspects of society.

c. Unwelcome sexting, abusive text messages, digital public humiliation and social
media harassment all fall under the umbrella of cyberbullying. The sobering
realities of cyberbullying have become so prevalent that the Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI) published a “Cyberbullying and Sexting: Law Enforcement
Perceptions” bulletin advising agencies that “94 percent of school resource
officers agreed that cyberbullying was a serious problem warranting a law
enforcement response.”
 d. To sum up, possible solutions for food shortage include (but by no means are
limited to) reducing food loss and waste, boosting crop yields, improving land
and water management, avoiding practices that lead to further poverty,
decreasing the lavishing of food, reducing the number of pets and animals that
consume a lot of wastes.

e. There are some benefits of overpopulation, more people means more labor
force, it can product more things, and more people will buy the products,
However, the growth of population should be similar to the food supply, so
overpopulation will cause lack of food, and as the rate of growth of population
exceeds the rate of products.

3. Skills

a.Individuals can improve how they think about political issues by listening to diverse
viewpoints, becoming informed about political issues, rewarding politicians who
compromise to reach a goal, breaking down echo chambers, and valuing evidence-based
thinking.
b. To end rape culture, perpetrators must be held accountable. By prosecuting sexual
violence cases, we recognize these acts as crimes and send a strong message of zero-
tolerance. Wherever you see pushback against legal consequences for perpetrators,
fight for justice and accountability
c.Community policing can be an effective strategy in helping to reduce crime
and improve wider community safety. If implemented with adequate planning and
preparation, it can also make a tangible and durable contribution to broader
strategic efforts to prevent terrorism and counter VERLT. Community policing should
be implemented in its own right, however, as terrorism is just one of many issues it
can help address and crimes it can help prevent.

d. To avoid facilitating tax evasion

Provide information and regular training to all staff
Your staff need to be clear on tax evasion rules and know what they must do to comply,
including watching out for red flags, conducting due diligence checks, and raising any concerns
promptly. And you must be able to demonstrate when your training was delivered, what the
content was, whether employees understood the violations of the law and whether they made
an attestation. For all these reasons, companies often do this training as e-learning - often
choosing a provider like Skillcast!
e. Violence intervention programs provide evidence and community-informed,
comprehensive support to individuals who are at greatest risk of gunshot victimization.
… To reduce gun homicides and assaults within cities, leaders and legislators should
invest in community-driven, evidence-based interventions.