U.

E “COLEGIO ILUSTRE AMERICANO-BARQUISIMETO”

“…educando para la libertad y para la democracia”

Prof.: Flavio López Actividad # 1 noviembre 1er Lapso

Asignatura: Lecto-escritura 3er año secciones A, B Y C
Año escolar 2021-2022 Ponderación 20 pts.

Nombre y Apellido____________Rachelle Olmos_____________________ Año y sección___3ro

“C”_______ Fecha____06/11/2021____

Part I: Completa el párrafo con las sigientes palabras (powder – hectares – neighbor – fifth – tools –
third – lead – mapping x2 – candies – increase – times – laborers – trees – company – kilos –
Department – America –– beans x2).

English Agriculture Report.

Cacao or cocoa___trees___ grow in hot, rainy areas of Africa, Asia and Central and
South__America___. Their beans are used to make cocoa __powder_, cocoa butter and of course
chocolate. There are five to six million growers, maybe more. Many are poor family farmers with only a
few __hectares___.West Africa produces more than half of all cocoa beans.

Ivory Coast leads the world in production, followed by its ___neighbor___Ghana.

The trees are usually in their _fifth__year when they start to grow the pods that contain the beans. The
trees produce the most pods when they are ten, but they are still productive long after that.

Workers use large knives to cut the lower pods and long ___tools___to remove pods from high on the
tree. Later they break open the pods to remove the__beans___.

A half-gram of chocolate requires about four hundred__beans___. The World Cocoa Foundation says
an average pod contains twenty to fifty beans. And experts say growers can lose perhaps
one ___third___of their harvest to diseases and insects.

But now scientists have genetic maps of two kinds of cocoa trees. These genomes are mostly complete
and could ___lead____scientists to new ways to increase production and prevent disease.
Mapping genes is the first step to understanding an organism. Next comes learning the job of each
gene.
The American food___company___ Mars took the lead in paying for __mapping___ the genes of the
Forastero cocoa tree. The Forastero provides eighty to ninety percent of the world's cocoa beans. Mars
depends on those beans for its M&Ms and other chocolate _candies__.
The company's research partners included several universities and the United States__department_ of
Agriculture.
The average West African cocoa farmer produces about four hundred__kilos_ of beans per hectare. But
Howard-Yana Shapiro, head of plant science and external research at Mars, thinks that science could
greatly _increase__the yield.

HOWARD-YANA SHAPIRO: "There's a yield potential of maybe four thousand kilos, ten __times__what
the average is in West Africa."A competitor of Mars, Hershey's, supported the gene _mapping__of the
Criollo, a far less common cacao tree. Cirad, a French government research center, led scientists from
six countries in creating that genome. We'll talk more about the cocoa industry next week, when we look
at efforts to help child _laborers_in Ivory Coast and Ghana.