RECALL

Evaluate and find the partial sumσ𝒊=𝟏(−𝟑𝒊 +

𝟑𝟎
𝟓)

σ𝟑𝟎
𝒊=𝟏(−𝟑𝒊 + 𝟓) = {-3(1) + 5} + {-3(2) + 5} + {-3(3) + 5} + …+ {-3(30)
+ 5}

𝟑𝟎
σ𝒊=𝟏(−𝟑𝒊 + 𝟓) = 2 + (-1) + (-4) + … + (-85)
 Solution
𝟑𝟎
𝒏
෍(−𝟑𝒊 + 𝟓) 𝑺𝒏 = (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏 )
𝟐
𝒊=𝟏 𝟑𝟎
𝑺𝟑𝟎 = (2+(−𝟖𝟓))
𝟐
Given: 𝟑𝟎
a1 = 2 𝑺𝟑𝟎 = (-83)
𝟐
a30 = -85 −𝟐𝟒𝟗𝟎
𝑺𝟑𝟎 =
𝟐
𝑺𝟑𝟎 = ? 𝑺𝟑𝟎 = -1245
Geometric
Sequences
and Series
Geometric Sequences and Series

Objectives:

1. Use Geometric Sequences.

2. Determine sums of geometric

series.
Geometric Sequence or Geometric
progression
Is a sequence in which each term after the
first is obtained by multiplying the
preceding term by a nonzero constant. The
number by which we multiply is called the
common ratio of the sequence
Identify the common ratio:

A. 2, 8, 32, 128,..

B. 2, -2, 2, -2, …

𝟏
C. 9, 3, 1, , …
𝟑
 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒆𝒓𝒎 Common
SEQUENCE 𝑭𝒊𝒓𝒔𝒕 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎 sequence

2, 8, 32, 128,.. 8
4
2

2, -2, 2, -2, … −2
-1
2

𝟏 3 1
9, 3, 1, 𝟑
, …
9 3
𝒂𝟏 = First term = 𝒂𝟏
𝒂𝟐 = Second term = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
𝟐
𝒂𝟑 = Third term = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
𝟑
𝒂𝟒 = Fourth term = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓

…
…

𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = nth term = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
 General Term of a Geometric
Sequence
The nth term (of the general
term) of a geometric sequence
with first term 𝒂𝟏 and the
𝒏−𝟏
common ratio r is 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 .
 HALIMBAWA 1
A. Find the first 5 terms of the geometric
𝟏
sequence with the given 𝒂𝟏 = 12 and r =
𝟑

B. Find the first 6 terms of the geometric

sequence with the given 𝒂𝟏 = 3 and r =2

−𝟏
C. If 𝒂𝟏 = −𝟐 and r = , find 𝒂𝟔
𝟐
 Solution
A. Find the first 5 terms of the geometric sequence with
𝟏
the given 𝒂𝟏 = 12 and r = 𝟑

𝒏−𝟏 𝒂 𝟑 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒏−𝟏 𝒂𝟒 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓𝒏−𝟏

𝒂𝟐 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝟏 𝟑−𝟏 𝟏 𝟒−𝟏
𝟏 𝟐−𝟏 𝒂𝟑 = 12( ) 𝒂𝟒 = 12( )
𝒂𝟐 = 12( ) 𝟑 𝟑
𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟑
𝟏 𝒂𝟑 = 12( ) 𝒂𝟒 = 12( )
𝒂𝟐 = 12( ) 𝟑 𝟑
𝟑 𝟏 𝟏
𝒂𝟐 = 4 𝒂𝟑 = 12( ) 𝒂𝟒 = 12( )
𝟗 𝟐𝟕
𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟒
𝒂𝟑 = or 𝒂𝟒 = or
𝟗 𝟑 𝟐𝟕 𝟗
 𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝟓 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
𝟏 𝟓−𝟏
𝒂𝟓 = 12( ) The first 5 terms of the
𝟑
𝟏 𝟒 geometric sequence
𝒂𝟓 = 12( ) 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝟑 are 12, 4, , , and .
𝟏 𝟑 𝟗 𝟐𝟕
𝒂𝟓 = 12( )
𝟖𝟏
𝟏𝟐 𝟒
𝒂𝟓 = or
𝟖𝟏 𝟐𝟕
 Solution
B. Find the first 6 terms of the geometric sequence with the
given 𝒂𝟏 = 3 and r =2
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝟐 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒂𝟑 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒂𝟒 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
𝟐−𝟏 𝟑−𝟏 𝟒−𝟏
𝒂𝟐 = 3(𝟐) 𝒂𝟑 = 3(𝟐) 𝒂𝟒 = 3(𝟐)
𝒂𝟐 = 3(2) 𝒂𝟑 = 3(𝟐) 𝟐
𝒂𝟒 = 3(𝟐) 𝟑

𝒂𝟐 = 3(2) 𝒂𝟑 = 3(4) 𝒂𝟒 = 3(8)

𝒂𝟐 =6 𝒂𝟑 = 12 𝒂𝟒 = 24
 Solution
𝒂𝟓 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓𝒏−𝟏 𝒂𝟔 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝟓 = 3(𝟐)𝟓−𝟏 𝒂𝟔 = 3(𝟐)𝟔−𝟏
𝒂𝟓 = 3(𝟐)𝟒 𝒂𝟔 = 3(𝟐)𝟓
𝒂𝟓 = 3(16) 𝒂𝟔 = 3(32)
𝒂𝟓 = 48 𝒂𝟔 = 96

The first 6 terms of the geometric

sequence are 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96.
 Solution
−𝟏
C. If 𝒂𝟏 = −𝟐 and r = , find 𝒂𝟔
𝟐

𝒂𝟔 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓𝒏−𝟏
−𝟏 𝟔−𝟏
𝒂𝟔 = -2( )
𝟐
−𝟏 𝟓
𝒂𝟔 = -2( )
𝟐
−𝟏
𝒂𝟔 = -2( )
𝟑𝟐
𝟏
𝒂𝟔 =
𝟏𝟔