Department of Education

Region III
DIVISON OF MABALACAT CITY

Name: __________________________________ Grade & Section: ________________

School: ____________________________________________ Date: ________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Mathematics 10 (Q1 – Lesson 3)
Illustrate Geometric Sequence and Differentiate
a Geometric Sequence from an Arithmetic Sequence

I. Introduction

In Science, bacteria are microscopic single cell organism that lives in

our body. Usually, they doubled every 20 minutes. Potentially, a single
bacterium can multiply over sixteen million in just eight hours.

This reproduction of bacteria is an example of Geometric Sequence.

Recall that in previous Learning Activity Sheet, you studied Arithmetic
Sequence and their applications. In this type of sequence, you will explore
more on sequence where there are more applications involving real life.
Detailed explanations on the examples were given for you to understand better
this type of sequence.

II. Learning Competency

Illustrates geometric sequence (M10AL-Id-1)
Differentiates a geometric sequence from an arithmetic sequence.

III. Objectives:

At the end of this Learning Activity Sheet, you are expected to:
1. Illustrate geometric sequence.
2. Determine the common ratio of geometric sequence.
3. Find the first nth term of geometric sequence.
4. Differentiate geometric sequence from an arithmetic sequence.

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IV. Discussion

A geometric sequence or geometric progression is a sequence in

which each new term is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a
constant number called common ratio r. The nth term of geometric
sequence is an = a1 r n-1

where, an = nth term; a1 = first term; n = number of terms

𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑎4 𝑎𝑛
r = common ratio = = = =𝑎
𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎13 𝑛−1

Example 1. Illustrate the pattern of the following geometric sequences.

Geometric sequence Pattern

4, 8, 16, 32, … Multiplying 2 to get the next term
81, 27, 9, 3, …. Multiplying 1/3 to get the next term
2, -10, 50, -250, … Multiplying -5 to get the next term
-10, 5, -5/2, 5/4, … Multiplying -½ to get the next term
3, 1.5, 0.75, 0.375, … Multiplying 0.5 to get the next term

Example 2. Determine if the given sequence is geometric sequence or not. If

it is geometric sequence, find the common ratio and next three terms.
a) 2,6,18, 54, …
Solution: To determine if the sequence is geometric or not, there must
be a common ratio between any two terms in the sequence.
Thus, solving for r,
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
r = 𝑎2 = 𝑎3 = 𝑎 4
1 2 13
6 18 54
r= = =
2 6 18

r=3 =3=3

Hence sequence 2,6,18, 54, …, is geometric sequence because it has a

common ratio r of 3. The next three term are:

a5 = a4 (r) = 54 (3) = 162

a6 = a5 (r) = 162(3) = 486

a7 = a6 (r) = 486 (3) = 1,458

Thus, the next three terms of the sequence are 162, 486 and 1,454.

b) 81, -27, 9, -3, …

Solution: To determine if the sequence is geometric or not, there

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must be a common ratio between any two terms in the sequence. Thus,
solving for r,
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
r = 𝑎2 = 𝑎3 = 𝑎 4 = 𝑎 𝑛
1 2 13 𝑛−1
−27 9 −3 −1
r= =−27 = =
81 9 3

Hence sequence 81, -27, 9, -3, …, is geometric sequence

−1
because it has a common ratio r of . The next three term are:
3
−1
a5 = a4 (r) = -3 ( 3 ) = 1

−1 −1
a6 = a5 (r) = 1 ( ) =
3 3

−1 −1 1
a7 = a6 (r) = ( 3) =
3 9

−1 1
Therefore, the next three terms of the sequence are 1, and .
3 9

c) 4, 8, 12, 16, …
Solution: To determine if the sequence is geometric or not, there
must be a common ratio between any two terms in the sequence.
Thus, solving for r,
𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑎4
r= 𝑎1
= 𝑎2
= 𝑎13
8 12 16
r= = =
4 8 12

3 4
r =2 ≠ ≠
2 3

Since the given sequence has no common ratio then, it is not geometric
sequence. Instead the given sequence is arithmetic sequence because it has a
common difference of 4.

Example 3. Find the first three terms of geometric sequence defined

by an =2(3)n-1
Solution: Substitute the value of n into 1, 2, 3 respectively hence

Given an =2(3)n-1
1st term n=1 a1= 2 (3)1-1 =2 (3)0 = 2 (1) = 2
2nd term n=2 a2 =2 (3)2-1 =2 (3)1 = 2 (3) = 6
3rd term n=3 a3= 2 (3)3-1 =2 (3)2 = 2 (9) = 18
Therefore, the first three terms of the sequence an = 2(3)n-1 are 2, 6, and 18.

How to determine if the given sequence is arithmetic or geometric sequence?

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 Arithmetic vs Geometric Sequence

If the terms given in Sequence

Arithmetic a sequence have a common difference
Geometric (d),Sequence
then use
an = dn + a0
a = a + (n − 1) d
Where: n d 1is the common difference (number addedanto=get a1 the
r n-1next term)
where a1 isdthe = afirst
2-a1 term, d is term – first
(second where a1oris the first term, r is
term),
the common difference
= a3-a2 and nterm
(third is – secondtheterm),
commonor ratio and n is the
the number of= terms
a4-a3 to find.
(fourth term – thirdnumber
term), orof terms to find.
= an-an-1 and
4, 6, 8, 10, … 4, 8, 16, 32, …
a0 = a1- d (first term – common difference)
+2 +2 +2 d x 2 x2 x2 r

ADD to get the next term. MULTIPLY to get the next term
term.

V. Activities
Activity 1

TRIVIA: Who is the First Filipina who won an

International Beauty Title, Miss International in 1964?

To answer the trivia, choose the geometric sequence among the sets of
sequence, and decode the letter of the answer on the line provided.

No. Sequences
1 2, 4, 8, 16, … 2, 4, 6, 8, … 2, 4, 8, 12, …
A E O
2 -3, -6, 12, -24, … -3, -6, -12, -24, … -3, 6, 12, -24, …
S R L
3 128, -64, 32, -16, … 128, 64, 32, 8, … 128, 64, 16, 4, …
E O U
4 2, 10, -50, -250, … -2, -10, 50, -250, … -2, -10, -50, -250, …
T G M
5 3, 12, 48, 192, … -3, 12, 48, 192, … -3, -6, -9, -12
G S T
6 -1, 3, -9, 12, … -1, 3, -9, 27, … -1, -3, -6, -9, …
L M O
7 15, 75, 375, -1875, … -15, 75, 375, -1125,… -15, 75, -375, 1875,…
S T Z

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 8 1, 6, 36, 216, … 1, 6, 18, 48, … 1, 6, 36, 72, …
C E G
9 -125, 25, 5, 1 125, 75, 25, 5, … 125, -25, 5, -1, …
P S U

DECODER:
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
5 3 6 4 1 8 2 9 7
Activity 2
Find the next four terms of the given geometric sequence.

1. 1, -2, 4, -8, …
2. 5, 10, 20, …
3. 16, -32, 64, …
4. 5, 15, 45, …
5. 4, - 8, 16, -32, …
6. 3, 6, 12, 24, …
7. 40, -20, 10, -5, …
3 3 3
8. 3, , , , …
2 4 8
1 1 1
9. - , ,- , …
5 20 80
2 4 8
10. , , , …
3 9 27

Activity 3
Determine if the following is arithmetic, or geometric sequence. If it is
arithmetic sequence, find the common difference, if it is geometric find the
common ratio. Write the next three terms.

Type of Value of
Sequence Next three terms
Sequence d or r

1. 2, 6, 18, 54, …
2. -5, -10, -15, -20, …
3. 3, -12, 48, -192, …
4. ½, ¼, 1/8, 1/16, …
5. -8, 0, 8, 16, …

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 6. 5, 7.5, 11.25, 16.875, …
7. 3x, 6x, 12x, 24x, …
8. 4√𝑥, 8√𝑥, 16√𝑥, 32√𝑥, …
3 6 12 24
9. , , , ,…
5 15 45 135

10. x2, x4, x6, x8, …

Activity 4.
Finding the next term of Geometric Sequence.

“THE BEST THING WE NEED TO DO”

Find the next term of the given geometric sequence in the top block and find
your answer in the bottom block. Transfer the word/symbol from the top
box to the corresponding value in the bottom box.

1) 1,2,4,8 2) -1, -6,-36,-216 3) 20,10,5,2.5 4) -3,6,-12,24

THE , TWO A
5) 27,9,3,1 6) 1,-5,25,-125 7) 3,9,27,81 8) 64,16,4,1
SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES , APPRECIATING
9) -2,6,-18,54 10) 108,36,12 11) 16,64,256 12) -12,36, -108
GREAT SECOND RESPECTING RELATIONSHIP
13) 48,24,12,6 14)2,10,50,250 15)3,12,48,192 16)1,6,36,216
THINGS THE FIRST AND
17) -16,-64,-256 18)1.5, 3, 6, 12 19) -1,2,-4,8,-16 20)-15,-75,-375
. ABOUT IS :

-48 -162 324 32 24

1.25 3 -1 875 768 243

¼ 16 1/3 1 296 4

243 1 024 1 250 625 -1 024

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Activity 5

A. Find the first three terms of geometric sequence defined by its nth term.
1. an = 4n
2. an = 3(2)n-1
3. an = 4 (-2) n-1

1
4. an = 6 ( 2 ) n-1

1 𝑛−1
5. an = 9 (− 3)

B. Challenge Problem

2 1 5
1. Find the next three terms of the geometric sequence , , ,…
5 2 8

2. If x + 2, -5x + 2, 6x + 4, are the first three terms of geometric sequence,

find the common ratio and the value of the first three terms.
3. Find the first three terms of the geometric sequence defined
2 −3 𝑛−1
by an= (5)
3

VI. Assessment
Read each question carefully then encircle the letter of the best answer from
the given choices.

1. It is a sequence where every term after the first is obtained by multiplying

the preceding term by a nonzero constant called common ratio.
A. Arithmetic sequence C. Geometric sequence
B. Fibonacci sequence D. Harmonic sequence

2. Which of the following illustrate geometric sequence?

A. 2,4,6,8, … B. 1,4,16, 64, … C. 4,6,10,18, … D. 1,3,7,12, …

3. The following illustrate geometric sequence EXCEPT

A. 2, 6, 18, 54, … B. 5, 10, 20,40, … C. 1, 2, 4, 8, … D. 27, 8, 1,½…

4. Which of the following is NOT geometric sequence?

1 1
A. 4,2,1, ½, … B. 9, 3,1, , … C. 1, ½, 0, -½, … D. 25,5,1, ,…
3 5

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5. What is the next term in the geometric sequence 5, 20, 80, 320, …?
A. 640 B. 1 280 C. 3 440 D. 4 800

6. What are the next two terms of the geometric sequence 1,3,9,27, …?
A. 81, 243 B.243, 729 C. 81, 234 D. 243, 640

7. What you will multiply to the sequence 27,9,3, … to get the next term?
A. 3 B. 1 C. ½ D. 1/3

8. How will you describe the geometric sequence 40,20,10,5, …?

A. the term is obtained by multiplying 2 to the previous term.
B. the term is obtained by multiplying ½ to previous term
C. the term is obtained by adding -2 to the previous term
D. the term is obtained by adding 2 to the previous term

9. The table shows the growth of a bacteria in laboratory after number of

hours. What is the number of bacteria in the last column?
Hours 1 2 3 4 5

Number of
2 000 12 000 72 000 432 000 _______
Bacteria

A. 1 728 000 B. 2 160 000 C. 2 592 000 D. 3 024 000

10. Determine the common ratio of the geometric sequence 3, -9, 27, -81?
A. -3 B. -2 C. 2 D. 3
𝑎
11. In the geometric sequence 12, 36, 108, 324, … What is 𝑎2?
1
A. -3 B. -2 C. 2 D. 3

12. If the common ratio of geometric sequence is ½. What are the next two
terms if a1=80?
A. 20,10 B. 40,10 C. 40,20 D. 160,320

13. Which of the following geometric sequences have the same common
ratio?
I. 2,6,18,54 II. 1, -3, 9, -27 III. 3,9,27,81, … IV. ¼, ½, 1, 8
A. I and II B. II and IV C. I and III D. I and IV

14. When a sheet of paper is folded 4 times the rectangle formed will be…
A. 4 B. 8 C. 16 D. 32

15. If a1=3 and r= 4, what is a2?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 7 D. 12

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VII. Reflection
Now that you already about to finish this learning activity sheet, let us
sum up what have you learned. Write all the things you learned on the Venn
diagram provided.

Direction: Using the venn diagram, write the following:

On circle A, write all the things you learned on arithmetic sequence
On circle B, write all the things you learned on geometric sequence
On A∩B, write the similarity of arithmetic and geometric sequence

“The Sequence In Venn Diagram”

Arithmetic Sequence Geometric Sequence

A B

A∩B

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the similarities of arithmetic and geometric sequence?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. What are the differences of arithmetic and geometric sequence?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. How will you determine if the given sequence is arithmetic or
geometric sequence?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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VIII. References

Dilao, Soledad J., Bernabe, Julieta J. “Intermediate Algebra II”. 2002.

Quezon City, Philippines: JTW Corporation.

Department of Education Curriculum and Standard. 2020. “Most Essential Learning

Competencies with Corresponding CG Codes/Suggested LR.” Pasig City:

DepEd-Bureau of Secondary Education Curriculum Development Division. “Grade 10

Mathematics Learner’s Module”. Pasig City:

Orines, Fernando B.,Mercado, Jesus.2015 “Grade 10 Next Century Mathematics.” Quezon

City: Phoenix Publishing House.

Pascual, Ferdinand. Esguerra, Salvador P., Castaniares, Liezel G. 2007 “Worktext in

Mathematics.” Sta. Ana Manila: Innovative Educational Materials.

Website Links used as References and as Sources of Learning Activities:

Department of Education Learning Resources Portal. 2010. “EASE Module 3 Searching for
Patterns in Sequences, Arithmetic, Geometric and Others” Retrieved from
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/869

Department of Education Learning Resources Portal. 2010. “EASE Module 6 Searching for
Patterns in Sequences, Arithmetic, Geometric and Others” Retrieved from
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/872

Iiabucki. 2014. “Patterns and Sequences”. Retrived from

https://www.slideshare.net/llabucki/patterns-and-sequences-assessment-photo-album

Microbiology Society. “Bacteria”. Retrieved from https://microbiologysociety.org/why-

microbiology-matters/what-is-
microbiology/bacteria.html#:~:text=Bacteria%20reproduce%20by%20binary%20fissio
n,into%20two%20identical%20daughter%20cells.&text=The%20bacterial%20cell%20t
hen%20elongates,DNA%20to%20the%20parent%20cell.

Private Education Assistance Committee (PEAC) .2017 “Learning Module in Mathematics

Grade 10/Q1.1 Sequences and Series”. Retrieved from https://peac.org.ph/learning-
module-repository/

Wikipedia. 2020. “Miss International 1964”. Retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_International_1964

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 11
Activity 4 Activity 1
1. 16 11. 1024 1. A
2. -1296 12. 324 2. R
3. 1.25 13. 3 3. E
4. -48 14. 1250 4. M
5. 1/3 15. 768 5. G
6. 625 16. 1296 6. M
7. 243 17. -1024 7. Z
8. ¼ 18. 24 8. C
9. -162 19. 32 9. U
10. 4 20. -1875
DECODER: GEMMA CRUZ
A GREAT RELATIONSHIP IS ABOUT
TWO THINGS : FIRST, APPRECIATING THE Activity 2
SIMILARITIES AND SECOND, RESPECTING 1. 16, -32, 64, -128
THE DIFFERENCES. 2. 40, 80, 160, 320
3. -128, 256, -512, 1024
Activity 5 4. 135, 405, 1215, 3645
5. 64, -128, 256, -512
A 6. 48, 96, 192, 384
7. 5/2, -5/4, 5/8, -5/16 or
1. 4, 16, 64 2.5, -1.25, 0.625, -0.3125
2. 3, 6, 12 3 3 3 3
8. , , ,
3. 4, -8, 16 16 32 64 128
4. 6, 3, 3/2 1 1 1 1
9. ,− , ,−
5. 9, -3, 1 320 1280 5120 20480
B. 16 32 64 128
10. , , ,
81 243 729 2187
25 125 625
1. ,
32 128 512
,
2. r=2 ; ( 4, -8, 16) Activity 3
2 −2 6
3. 3
, 5
, 25
Type of d/ Next three
Sequence terms
Sequence r
Assessment
1. 2, 6, 18, 54, … GS 3 162,486,1458
1. C 2. -5, -10, -15, -20, AS -5 -25,-30,-35
2. B
3. D 3. 3, -12, 48, -192 GS -4 768,-3072,
12288
4. C
5. B 4. ½, ¼, 1/8, 1/16, GS ½ 1/32,1/64,1/128
6. A
7. D 5. -8, 0, 8, 16,. AS 8 24,32,40
8. B 16.875,25.3125,
6. 5, 7.5, 11.25, GS 1.5
9. C 37.96875
10. A 16.875, …
11. D 7. 3x, 6x, 12x, GS 2 48x, 96x192x,
12. C
24x, …
13. C
14. C 8. 4√𝑥, 8√𝑥, GS 2 64√𝑥,
15. D 128√𝑥,
16√𝑥, 32√𝑥, …
256√𝑥
3 6 12 24 GS 2 48 96 192
9. , , , ,… , ,
5 15 45 135 405 1215 3645
3
10. x2, x4, x6, x8, … GS x x10, x12, x14
Key to corrections IX.
 X. Development Team

Development Team of the Learning Activity Sheets

Writer: Bernardino G. Gomez

Editor: Angelito S. Cabrera
Reviewer: Elizabeth C. Miguel, EdD
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Engr. Edgard C. Domingo, PhD, CESO V
Leandro C. Canlas, PhD, CESE
Elizabeth O. Latorilla, PhD
Sonny N. De Guzman, EdD

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Mabalacat

P. Burgos St., Poblacion, Mabalacat City, Pampanga

Telefax: (045) 331-8143

E-mail Address: mabalacatcity@deped.gov.ph

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