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SHS
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Quarter 1 - Module 18
Mastering the Art of Literature Review
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Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 18– Mastering the Art of Literature Review

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Writer: Argin S. Mabilin

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MODULE 18
Mastering the Art of Literature Review
(Writing Coherent Review of Literature)

Hi! Welcome back to teacher Jill’s class.

Previously, you have been selecting, citing, and synthesizing multiple
sources that you need to form a literature review.

Now, it’s time to pile up those articles, papers, and notes into one
coherent literature review.
Let’s start writing!

Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

1. Define literature review.

2. Write coherent review of literature.

YOUR READINESS CHECK

Before we begin, let’s check your background knowledge.

In the KWL chart, fill in the K W columns with necessary information. This will tell what you
already know about the lesson and what you want to know. The Learned column will be
answered at the end of this module. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

TOPIC: LITERATURE REVIEW

KNOW WANT LEARNED

(WHAT I KNOW) (WHAT I WANT TO KNOW) (WHAT I LEARNED)

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How well did you answer the KW chart?
It’s okay if you don’t know much about the topic because as we go
on with this module, you will learn more about it. Come on!

YOUR VOCABULARY BUILDER

Directions: Write what you know about the following. Do this on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. topic sentence -_____________________________________________

2. literature review-_____________________________________________

Congratulations!
You did well in preparing yourself with the needed skills to further
understand this lesson. With this, enjoyable tasks await you in your
journey. Good luck!

YOUR INITIAL TASK

TASK: MIND MAP

Say something about literature review. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

LITERATURE
REVIEW

Hmmm…. We’re slowly getting there!

You must have done well in your initial task.
Reading more about the lesson is all you need.
Let’s START!
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YOUR GUIDE
A literature review is:
 a review of writings, or literature, on a particular subject/topic
 a review of the most relevant, recent and scholarly work in the subject/topic area
 a piece of writing that supports, evaluates and critiques your research topic.
A literature review is not:
 a summary of articles, texts or journals; or
 an analytical, opinionative or argumentative essay.
The purpose of literature review is to:
 establish a theoretical framework for your topic/subject area
 define key terms, definitions and terminology
 identify studies, models, case studies, etc., supporting your topic
 define/establish your area of study, i.e. your research topic.
The three key points of literature review are:
 what the research says (theory)
 how the research was carried out (methodology)
 what is missing, i.e. the gap that your research intends to fill.

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources that provides an overview of

a particular topic. It generally follows a discussion of the paper’s thesis statement
or the study’s goals or purpose.
No matter how you decide to organize your literature review (chronologically, thematically,
etc.), it follows a format you will immediately recognize: Introduction, Body,
Conclusion. We will look at each section individually.

INTRODUCTION

In the introduction, you will:

 Define or identify the general topic, issue, or area of concern thereby providing an
appropriate context for the remainder of the review.
 Point out overall trends in what has been previously published on the topic; or conflicts
in theory, methodology, evidence, conclusions, or gaps in research and scholarship.
 Establish your reason for reviewing this research (point of view); explain the criteria
used to search the literature; the organization of the review (sequence); and – if
necessary – why certain literature either is or is not included (scope).
 Demonstrate how your research either closes a gap in the literature, extends earlier
work, or replicates an important study thereby contributing new knowledge to your
discipline.

BODY

Some general tips for writing the body of your literature review:

 Start broad and then narrow to show how past research relates to your project.
 Make it clear to your reader where you’re going, follow a logical progression of ideas.

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 When appropriate, cite two or more sources for a single point but avoid long strings of
references for a single point.
 Use quotes sparingly.
 Keep your own formal academic voice throughout and keep the review focused and
objective, following a logical structure.
 Point out consistent findings and emphasize stronger studies over weaker ones. Point
out important strengths and weaknesses of research studies or contradictions and
inconsistent findings.
 Implications and suggestions for further research, or where there are gaps in the
current literature, should be specific.

CONCLUSION

Summarize your literature review, discuss implications, and create a space for future or
further research needed in this area. How do you know when you’re done? Can you answer
these 11 questions:
 Have you clearly defined your topic and audience?
 Did you search and re-search the literature?
 Took notes while reading?
 Chosen the type of review you want to write?
 Have you kept the review focused throughout?
 Were you critical and consistent in your evaluation and synthesis?
 Is the structure of your review logical?
 Did you make use of feedback?
 Were you able to stay relevant and objective throughout?
 Did you maintain an objective voice?
 Did you cite current and older studies? (Pautasso, 2013).

Now that you know more about literature review. Let’s practice
what you have learned.

YOUR DISCOVERY TASKS

TASK 1: CHOOSING A TOPIC
Direction: Choose a topic that you want to focus on and explore in your literature
review. Consider the following. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.
A. Topic you are familiar with and interested in
B. Topic your readers and other researchers will be interested in
C. Topics that are current, well-established, and have ample research for review

List down at least three topics.

1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________

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My final topic is _____________________________________________________.

TASK 2: LOOKING FOR SOURCES

Direction: After determining your topic, research for books, scholarly articles, journals, etc.
for the review of literature. Use the synthesis matrix in describing and analyzing each selected
reference. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

You did great in accomplishing your tasks!

Now let’s see how much you have learned.

LET’S SUM IT UP

Answer the following questions. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

 What is literature review?
 What is the purpose of writing a literature review?
 What should a literature review be consist of?

My realizations: __________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

YOUR FINAL TASK

Direction: Using the synthesis matrix, notes, and analysis of the selected references done
from the previous task, develop a literature review following the format below. Do this on a
separate sheet of paper.
Introduction - one (1) paragraph
Body - three to five paragraphs
Conclusion - one paragraph

Criteria :
Relevance to the topic - 30
Organization - 30
Accuracy of related literature - 30
Overall impact - 10
____________
TOTAL 100points

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YOUR REFLECTION/S

Using the KWL chart , complete the column for What I Learned. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

Congratulations!
You have once again conquered another set of challenges.
See you again in the next module.

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References:
Lightbulb Idea Enlightenment. Retrieved May 15, 2020, from
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/12/22/23/32/light-bulb-1926533_960_720.png

Notepad Memo Pencil. Retrieved May 15, 2020, from

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2013/06/07/09/53/notepad-117597_960_720.png

Pautasso M (2013) Ten simple rules for writing a literature review. PLoS Computational Biology 9(7):
e1003149. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003149

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ANSWER KEY

Your Readiness Check

Answers may vary.

Your Vocabulary Builder

Possible Answers:
1. topic sentence – is a sentence that expresses the main idea of the paragraph in which it occurs.
2. literature review – is a scholarly paper that presents the current knowledge including substantive
findings as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic.

Your Initial Task

TASK. Mind Map
Answers may vary.

Your Discovery Task

TASK 1. CHOOSING A TOPIC
Answers may vary.

TASK 2. LOOKING FOR SOURCES

Answers may vary.

Let’s Sum it up
Answers may vary.

Your Final Task

Answers may vary.