UNIT 5 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (1)

KHÓA HỌC CHINH PHỤC TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH

Cô Vũ Thị Mai Phương

_________________________
advancement (n) /ədˈvɑːns.mənt/

sự tiến bộ

Ex: The technological advancement has taken a different shape in the African
region with its own blockchain narrative.

activate (v) /ˈæk.tɪ.veɪt/

kích hoạt

Ex: The alarm is activated by the lightest pressure.

accumulate (v) /əˈkjuː.mjə.leɪt/

tích lũy

Ex: During our six years in this house, we seem to have accumulated a pile of old
mobile phones.

conventional (adj) /kənˈven.ʃən.əl/

theo truyền thống

Ex: Conventional skills can be a great source of inspirations for modern

technologies development.
virtual world (n) /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl wɜːld/
thế giới ảo

Ex: Video game technology invite players into a virtual world of fantasy, sport
and even war.

satellite (n) /ˈsæt.əl.aɪt/

vệ tinh

Ex: The World Cup was transmitted around the world by satellite.
sedentary (adj) /ˈsed.ən.tər.i/

thụ động

Ex: Spending too much time using the advanced technology gadget leads to a
sedentary lifestyle.

inevitable (adj) /ɪˈnev.ɪ.tə.bəl/

không thể tránh khỏi

Ex: When you’re spending too much time playing games, it's inevitable that your
eye sight will start to suffer.
isolation (n) /ˌaɪ.səlˈeɪ.ʃən/

sự cô lập

Ex: The state-of-the-art technology can increase the isolation among people.

billboard (n) /ˈbɪl.bɔːd/

áp phích quảng cáo

Ex: The company advertises on TV, the Internet, and billboards, so you sell more.
Quiz

1. At the entrance to Golden Gate Park stands a ________, twenty feet high and a
hundred feet long.

A. billboard B. isolation

2. Recent _______ in medical science mean that this illness can now be cured.

A. advances B. advancement

immerse (v) /ɪˈmɜːs/

đắm chìm

Ex: They will immerse themselves in virtual world and lack social interaction as
they used to.

advent (n) /ˈæd.vent/

sự xuất hiện, ra đời

Ex: Life was transformed by the advent of the steam engine.

component (n) /kəmˈpəʊ.nənt/
bộ phận

Ex: The machine has a lot of delicate components.

durability (n) /ˌdjʊərəˈbɪləti/

tính bền vững

Ex: Actually, the phones are manufactured by Bullitt Group, but they retain the
company's focus on durability.
charge (v) /tʃɑːdʒ/

sạc

Ex: It's not working - I don't think the battery is charging.

computerize (v) /kəmˈpjuː.tər.aɪz/

vi tính hóa

Ex: They've just computerized the whole system.

addicted (adj) /əˈdɪk.tɪd/
nghiện

Ex: A lot of people nowadays have become addicted to the internet.

digital (adj) /ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl/

kỹ thuật số

Ex: Viewers can get more than 100 channels of incredibly sharp pictures with
digital cable or satellite.
implement (n) /ˈɪm.plɪ.mənt/

công cụ

Ex: Shopkeepers are not supposed to sell knives and other sharp implements to
children.

hacking (n) /ˈhækɪŋ/

sự rò rỉ, ăn cắp

Ex: Hacking is now much more sophisticated and harder to detect than a few
years ago.
Quiz

1. Investors seem unsure about the long-term future of the music industry in the _____
age.

A. hacking B. digital

2. I know that if I start watching a soap opera I immediately become hopelessly

_______.

A. addicted B. immerse

install (v) /ɪnˈstɔːl/

cài đặt, lắp đặt

Ex: The plumber is coming tomorrow to install the new washing machine.

polygraph (n) /ˈpɒl.i.ɡrɑːf/

máy phát hiện nói dối

Ex: Americans love to take, deliver, and judge the results of polygraph tests.
revolutionize (v) /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.aɪz/

cách mạng hóa

Ex: Electronic cash systems have revolutionized the way that people around the
world pay for goods and services.

payroll (n) /ˈpeɪ.rəʊl/

bảng lương nhân công

Ex: On average, firms pay 10.45% of payroll into final salary pensions.
distraction (n) /dɪˈstræk.ʃən/
sự mất tập trung

Ex: Technology can add more distractions because of their noise from phone
rings, fax machine or computers.

utilize (v) /ˈjuː.təl.aɪz/

tận dụng

Ex: Utilizing technology give the teachers and students the ability to really get
into the subject.
access (n) /ˈæk.ses/

sự truy cập

Ex: This type of account offers you instant access to your money.

tendency (n) /ˈten.dən.si/

xu hướng

Ex: There’s been a growing tendency to use mobile phones in recent years.
inefficient (adj) /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/
không hiệu quả

Ex: Existing methods of production are expensive and inefficient.

prevalent (adj) /ˈprev.əl.ənt/

phổ biến, thịnh hành

Ex: The use of feedback services is becoming more prevalent among small
businesses.
Quiz

1. Computers are becoming more and more _______ in our schools.

A. prevalent B. hacking

2. That dreadful noise coming from his phone is driving me to ________.

A. tendency B. distraction

Vocabulary highlights

✓ advancement (n): sự tiến bộ

✓ activate (v): kích hoạt

✓ accumulate (v): tích lũy

✓ conventional (adj): theo truyền thống

✓ virtual world (n): thế giới ảo

✓ satellite (n): vệ tinh

✓ sedentary (adj): thụ động

✓ inevitable (adj): không thể tránh khỏi

✓ isolation (n): sự cô lập

✓ billboard (n): áp phích

✓ immerse (v): đắm chìm

✓ advent (n): sự ra đời

✓ component (n): bộ phận

✓ durability (n): tính bền

✓ charge (v): sạc

✓ computerize (v): vi tính hóa

✓ addicted (adj): nghiện

✓ digital (adj): kỹ thuật số

✓ implement (n): công cụ

✓ hacking (adj): rò rỉ, ăn cắp

✓ install (v): lắp đặt

✓ polygraph (n): máy phát hiện nói dối

✓ revolutionize (v): cách mạng hóa

✓ payroll (n): bảng lương công nhân

✓ distraction (n): sự mất tập trung

✓ utilize (v): tận dụng

✓ access (n): sự truy cập

✓ tendency (n): xu hướng

✓ inefficient (adj): không hiệu quả

✓ prevalent (adj): thịnh hành

PRACTICE

Read the following passage and choose the best answer.

Have you ever found instructions for knitting something or have you read a piece of
music? If you have, you have behaved in a similar way (1) ______ a computer. A
computer obeys a program to carry out a particular task. Just (2) _____a knitting
pattern is expressed in numbers and piece of music in line and dots, (3) _____ a
computer program is expressed in the form of programming language. (4) ______ the
English language (or any other language), there are rules of grammar, and a program
must be correct in every way. There are hundreds of programming languages, (5) ___
only a few are well-known and widely used. The most popular language (6) _____ is
used in offices and factories is called Cobol. This language is used for printing
payrolls and keeping records of goods. Engineers and scientists use Fortran in order to
carry out calculation. (7) _____, neither of these two programs is very popular with
people working on home computers. Basic is the most popular language for home
computers, chiefly (8) ______ it is easy to learn and use. (9) _____ these languages
are useful for many purposes, it is time that a new simple program was devised. (10)
_____ a program should be not only easy to use but also completely reliable.

1. A. to B. as

C. so D. from
2. A. like B. by

C. so D. as

3. A. so B. as

C. thus D. such

4. A. So B. Like

C. Same B. By

5. A. and B. but

C. or D. if

6. A. which B. where

C. if D. what

7. A. In addition B. Therefore

C. Consequently D. However

8. A. if B. so

C. because D. although

9. A. Because B. Although

C. When D. For

10. A. So B. Such

C. Like D. As

Complete the passage with the correct form a suitable verb from the box.

arouse do

worry bring

are talk

write own

predict taken
Nowadays, computers play an increasingly important role in all field. And so, good or
bad, computers (1) _____ now part of our daily lives. With the price of a small home
computer now as low as $500, expects (2) ________that before long all schools and
business and most families in the richer parts of the world will (3) ______ a computer
of some kind. Among the general public, computers (4) ________ strong feelings –
people either love them or hate them. The computer - lovers (5) _______ about how
useful computers can be in business, in education and in the home – apart from all the
games, you can (6) _______ your accounts on them, learn languages from them, (7)
_______ letters on them, use them to control your central heating, and in some places
even do your shopping with them. Computers, they say, will also (8) ________ more
leisure, as more and more unpleasant jobs are (9) ________ over by computerized
robots. The haters, on the other hand, argue that computers bring not leisure but
unemployment. They (10) ________, too, that people who spend all their talking to
computers will forget how to talk to each other.

Read the following passage and fill each gap with a suitable preposition.

The use of computers (1) ______ teaching is not new. A handful of universities offer
computer-taught courses, primarily in mathematical and scientific subject. Stanford, a
pioneer in the field, has for six years offered course in logic and probability, some (2)
_______ which are taught entirely (3) ______ computers. According (4) ____ a report
by the institute, language training was a natural growth of these programs. The
students follow written instructions (5) ______ how to begin operating the keyboard.
Then the computer speaks to the student (6) ________ headphones. The computer
congratulates the student if response is correct, but asks the student to repeat the
exercises if it is wrong. If the student still has trouble, he or she can ask the computer
to go (7) ______ the background material. But at least one professor (8) ___ Stanford,
the head of the French Department, believes that computers will not completely
supplant the teaching process.