Walk In Patient

Lab E Express Sdn Bhd

137-01,Jalan Bestari 1/5, Taman Nusa Bestari
Iskandar Puteri
Johor
Patient Name : CHER HUI MIN
Ward / Clinic : OUT PATIENT Lab No. : 0921000610
Age : 18Y Sex : Female Date Received : 17/01/2021 22:15
IC No. : 021020-01-0592 MRN : Date Reported : 19/01/2021 17:20
Report Status : Final

Result Unit Reference range

PCR for 2019-NOVEL CORONAVIRUS, COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 DETECTION

Sample Type Nasopharyngeal and
Oropharyngeal Swab
Sarbecovirus Envelope, E protein Not detected
gene
COVID-19 Nucleocapsid, N Not detected
protein gene
COVID-19 RNA-dependent RNA Not detected
polymerase, RdRp gene
2019-novel coronavirus, COVID- Not detected
19 RNA
Methodology:
By Seegene Allplex 2019-nCoV (COVID-19/ SARS-CoV-2) Assay
This one-step, multiplex real-time, RT-PCR assay simultaneously detect and identify 3 target genes specific for COVID-19,
which include the Sarbecovirus envelope protein gene (E-gene), COVID-19 nucleocapsid protein gene (N-gene) and COVID-
19 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene (RdRp-gene).

This novel coronavirus, initially designated as 2019-nCoV that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China at
the end of 2019. The virus has been named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by
Coronavirus Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and the disease caused has
been named by World Health Organization (WHO) as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). A false negative result may
occur if inadequate viral load is present in the specimen as a result of the following reasons: Improper sample collection, or
collection of sample at an early stage of illness, especially before the symptom onset, or collection of sample at late stage of
illness, especially after the symptom relief, or specimens was not handled and transport appropriately. RNA viruses in
particular show substantial genetic variability. Although efforts were made to design RT-PCR assays to conserved regions of
the viral genomes, variability resulting in mis-matches between the primers and probes and the target sequences can result
in diminished assay performance and possible false negative results. A single negative COVID-19 test (especially if from
upper respiratory tract specimen), or a positive test result for another respiratory pathogen result does not exclude COVID-19
infection.

If there is a strong clinical, and/or epidemiological suspicion of COVID-19 infection, the submission of a new specimen and
request of Covid-19 testing is highly recommended. Expectorated sputum should be collected from patients with productive
cough and the induction of sputum is not recommended. A lower respiratory tract aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage should
be collected from patient who is intubated. A confirmed case of Covid-19 is defined as a person with a positive Covid-19 RT-
PCR. The symptoms and physical signs, stage or progress of disease, epidemiological links, other laboratory examinations
and therapeutic reactions of the patients should be comprehensively considered during their clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Commercial multiplex PCR assays for respiratory pathogens may detect endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV), known to
cause mild to moderate respiratory tract infections. These are the beta-coronaviruses HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1, and
the alpha-coronaviruses HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63. It is important that positive results for these viruses should not be
confused with COVID-19.

References:
1. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) technical guidance. https://www.who.int/emergencies/
diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance (Accessed on February 04, 2020).
2. Corman V, Bleicker T, Brünink S, Drosten C, Landt O, Koopmans M, et al. Diagnostic detection of Wuhan coronavirus
2019 by real-time RTPCR 2020 [17 January 2020].
Available from: <https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/wuhan-virus-assay-
v1991527e5122341d99287a1b17c111902.pdf>

Printed by Nurul Hidayah Bte Kamalruzaman on 20/01/21 12:30:18 AM Page 1 of 2

Electronically Validated Report. No Signature Required.

Address:- 33, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, ( Susur 5) , 80350 Johor Bahru, Johor Tel: 07-2233377 Fax: 07-2212805
Walk In Patient
Lab E Express Sdn Bhd
137-01,Jalan Bestari 1/5, Taman Nusa Bestari
Iskandar Puteri
Johor
Patient Name : CHER HUI MIN
Ward / Clinic : OUT PATIENT Lab No. : 0921000610
Age : 18Y Sex : Female Date Received : 17/01/2021 22:15
IC No. : 021020-01-0592 MRN : Date Reported : 19/01/2021 17:20
Report Status : Final

Result Unit Reference range

Validated by Dr. Muhammad Nazri Aziz (Medical Microbiologist) on 19/01/2021 5:20:07 PM

Consultant Pathologist:-
Dr. Muhammad Nazri Bin Aziz; MD (USM), MPath. Med. Microbiology (UKM), Consultant Medical Microbiologist

Printed by Nurul Hidayah Bte Kamalruzaman on 20/01/21 12:30:18 AM Page 2 of 2

Electronically Validated Report. No Signature Required.

Address:- 33, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, ( Susur 5) , 80350 Johor Bahru, Johor Tel: 07-2233377 Fax: 07-2212805