REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

Music interventions are used for stress reduction in a variety of settings because of the
positive effects of music listening on both physiological arousal (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure,
and hormonal levels) and psychological stress experiences. Music is an effective stress reducer
in both healthy individuals and people with health problems
A study conducted by Segaren (2019) found that music helps students with stress and
anxiety, thus leading them to study more efficiently. For long study sessions, background music
is helpful as students are more focused and motivated when they are in a good mood, which
helps them endure studying for a longer time.
On the study made by Mapúa (2016) music positively affects people’s mood, motivating
them to be more productive. Unfortunately, It doesn't apply to everyone. While listening to
music can improve one student’s concentration, another might find it distracting. This means that
you should test how music affects your productivity; if it motivates you to study more, then you
should continue listening to music. However, if you notice that it is nothing but a disturbance,
then you should stop listening.
According to the University of Maryland Medical Center (2019) the students should
“listen to music. Music is an effective stress reducer in both healthy individuals and people with
health problems. Research finds that listening to soothing music can decrease blood pressure,
heart rate, and anxiety levels in heart patients” (UMD Medical Center). This statement reveals
the powerful effect songs alone can have on the human body. So, power on the radio to help
combat stress before heading to a study session. Music is a way to process emotions and
strengthen their resolve with being overwhelmed. People often turn to the music they can relate
to as it helps them deal with stress in this way. So, if university life has got you feeling a bit
down, dazed or distracted then it might be a good idea to put some music on. Not only will it
help you concentrate on your studies, it will also help keep stress at bay and put you in the
learning mood.
According to USA (2019), music is so powerful to the body that it can actually help ease
the pain. Studies show that music can meaningfully reduce the perceived intensity of pain,
especially in geriatric care, intensive care, or palliative medicine.
Rather than distracting college students, a Stanford study found that music moves the
brain to pay attention. They believe that music choice was influential in brain processing, and
revealed that musical techniques used by composers 200 years ago help the brain organize
incoming information. Findings shows that classical music can help the students categorize
information, which is influential asset to studying.
A study conducted Janata(2019) music serves as a potent trigger for retrieving memories.
This study reveals that music, memory, and emotions and strongly linked. This evidence
supports the theory that studying while listening to music is a very beneficial practice.
 According to Cornelius Eckert(2019). It happens when a part of the song gets stuck in
your head for an extended period of time and you can’t get it out. It just so happens, this is also
one way of improving your brain’s memory, which is why some language courses are set to a
musical pattern of ear-catching melodies. Some even suggest that the benefits don’t necessarily
depend on the kind of music you listen to, but rather how effectively your brain latches on to the
pattern of the song.
Music interventions can be regarded as purposeful musical exercises or methods in which
music listening, music making, or singing is central. In both literature and practice there is a
distinction between music interventions offered by a music therapist and music interventions
offered by other healthcare professionals or without any support. Music interventions can be
defined as purposeful music activities if they concern listening to prerecorded music offered by
medical or healthcare professionals, if the intervention is self-administered by the patient (‘music
as medicine’), or if it concerns music making or singing without the involvement of a music
therapist or a therapeutic context (American Music Therapy Association, 2019)

 Nevertheless, Caballero, Pablo, Carrión, & Olivenza (2017) challenge that the mere fact
of listening to music causes a change in emotions without taking into account interaction with
the context in question. 
According to Cherry (2019) Listening to music can be entertaining, and it might even
make you healthier. Music can be a source of pleasure and contentment, but there are many other
psychological benefits as well. Music can relax the mind, energize the body, and even help
people better manage pain. Background music, or music that is played while the listener is
primarily focused on another activity, can improve performance on cognitive tasks in older
adults.
According to Natividad (2016) Listening to good music is one of the easiest and most
enjoyable ways to improve your mood and add a positive spin to your day. The right track at the
right time has the power to set the tone for the season, brighten your disposition, and get you out
of that deep, dark funk that’s caused by hormonal imbalance.
Stress has a biological impact that causes your body to release specific hormones and
chemicals that activate your brain in certain ways. Music has had tremendous success as a tool
for stress relief. While some types of music such as classical and ambient have long been studied
for their calming effects, listening to your personal favorite music of any genre also has benefits
(Collins, 2021).
The benefits of music education are immense and highly beneficial to students. Music
positively impacts a child’s academic performance, assists in developing social skills, and
provides an outlet for creativity that is crucial to a child’s development. Music education
catapults a child’s learning to new heights, and because of this, it should always be considered a
pivotal part of a child’s educational process. The benefits of music education are immense and
highly beneficial to students. Music education improves and develops language skills in children.
Music stimulates the brain, and with its varied sounds and lyrics, students are exposed to a large
amount of vocabulary in a short amount of time (Martin, 2020).
 Innes co-authored a 2016 study that found music-listening could boost mood and
well-being and improve stress-related measures in older adults suffering from cognitive
decline. Her study compared the benefits of music to those of  meditation. She found that
both practices were linked to significant improvements in mood and sleep quality. “Both
meditation and music listening are potentially powerful tools for improving overall health
and well-being,” Innes says. If the idea of listening to music seems a lot more practicable
to you than meditating, these findings are great news.
Music can also stimulate the mind. There are many things in music, to which one can
listen and bring attention. Music can raise someone’s mood, get them excited, or make them
calm and relaxed. Music also allows us to feel nearly or possibly all emotions that we experience
in our lives (Davis, 2021).
As stated by Singh (2017), Music can be a solution where learning disabilities are more
apparent in students. It also help others to forget the painful experiences in the past.