‫كلية المستقبل الجامعة‬

‫هندسة الطب الحياتي‬

Experiment of blood flow and skin temperature and physiological

4th stage

2020_2021
‫علي عبد العباس‬
1. Is the baseline temperature recovered within the 2 minutes during which data were collected?
Estimate how long it would take for full recovery to be achieved for each of the two parts. Relate this to
everyday experiences where you have been exposed to cold. Answer/1.551

2. Which area of skin tested (upper arm or face) had the most rapid recovery of temperature after
cooling? Explain this result.

Answer/ The cheek had the most rapid recovery rate evident by the steeper slope whilst its
temperature was returning to its baseline Because allowing or diverting the flow of blood to the surface
of the skin. When an area is exposed to the cold, small arterioles in the dermis constrict, reducing blood
flow to that area and protecting core body temperature. When cold is removed, the blood supply to the
skin increases again as the arterioles dilate.

3. Alcohol causes dilatation of arterioles and a sensation of warmth. Would you recommend that
someone who is stranded in the snow drink alcohol to keep warm? Why or why not?

Answer/ No. Alcohol gives you only the feeling of being warm, it doesn't actually make you warm. And
alcohol will cause your blood vessels to dilate (get bigger) which will make you lose more body heat than
if they were not dilated

4. A condition called hyperthermia (heat prostration) can result when the body’s homeostatic
mechanisms are no longer adequate to counter the effect of high external temperatures. On the basis of
what you know about vasoconstriction and vasodilation as methods of temperature regulation in the
body, describe the skin color of someone who is in the first stages of hyperthermia.

Answer/ Because the body’s homeostatic mechanisms are not functioning enough to regulate the
temperature, the body will be working to dilate the arterioles to allow heat loss and the heat would
STILL be too much to counteract the heat loss. The body would be working to send the blood flow
outward, toward the skin/dermis and away from the core who does not need any more heat. This would
result in a reddish appearance Experiment human physiology .

Is there a difference in grip strength in your dominant and non dominant hands? Are you surprised by
the result?

Answer/ Yes, there is a difference in grip strength in my dominant and non-dominant hands. My
dominant hand is stronger.

Answer/ The average grip strength without the splint was 34.3 kg for right and 32.3 kg for the left hand.
Grip strength decreased by 19–25% when the wrist was splinted. The maximum average grip strength
with a splint on was recorded at 45 degrees of extension (27.9 kg for right and 26.3 kg for left side).
There was a gradual increase in the grip strength with increase in wrist extension but the difference was
not statistically significant (P = 0.29). The grip strength was significantly less in flexed position of the
wrist (P < 0.001). Examining the data in Table 2,

does there appear to be a correlation between “handedness” and grip strength? Are the results similar
for right-handed and left-handed people?

Answer/ No; Right handed people had stronger sing the pinch strength data in Table 3,

describe the difference in strength between fingers. Where is the difference the largest?

Answer/ ength levels are significantly higher when the test is performed with the elbow extended
compared with those obtained with the elbow flexed at 90° when using the TKK dynamometer. These
findings are in accordance with other studies List at least two possible reasons for the differences you
see between the pinch strength of the first two fingers and the second two fingers. In your answer
consider actions of the hand and musculature. Note: You can use an anatomy book or atlas to view the
muscles of the forearm and hand. Answer: The first two fingers may be stronger due to the fact that
they are used the most often and could build up more strength and dexterity. Another reason the first
two fingers may be stronger could be due to the fact that the ulnar muscle that controls digits 4 and 5 is
smaller than the radial muscle