MODULE IN HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter/Week 1

OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the personal safety protocol to avoid dehydration, hypo- and hyperthermia
during MVPA
participation.
2. Understand the procedures in conducting Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) .
3. Apply the procedures of conducting Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at home.

PRE-ASSESSMENT
Sports Trivia
Concussions are common in combat sports such as boxing. In 2019, Filipino boxer Z
“The Dream” Gorres suffered a concussion in a boxing match against Luis Melendez in Las
Vegas. Gorres was knocked down in 10th round but he was able to recover and eventually
won the tittle. However, he collapsed inside the ring after announcement of winner. He was
rushed to the hospital for an emergency surgery to repair the internal bleeding.

1. What do you think is the classification of Gorres injury according to the cause, Direct,
Indirect or Overuse Injury? Explain why.
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Do you agree that Gorres “The Dream” was rushed to the hospital? Why ?
________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1: Safety and First Aid in Sports/ Physical Activity

How can the possibility of getting injured while training be minimized?

Fitness and training injuries can be prevented if an individual takes the necessary
preparations and precautions on the following variables:
1. Proper Attire. The attire should be appropriate for the chosen activity. It is important to
consider comfort and protection when choosing an appropriate attire. A special attention
should be given when choosing footwear because many chronic injuries are caused by
inappropriate shoes. A good pair of shoes will provide stability, support, cushion and
comfort.
2. Proper Technique. An individual needs to consult a trainer and ask for proper
instruction in performing the chosen activity or exercise. The knowledge on how to execute
the movement is just as important as the movement. The benefit of the exercise will be
compromised if it is nor performed with the correct technique. For example, poor running
mechanics can lead to patellofemoral pain and plantar fasciitis.
3. Gym etiquette. Individuals that subscribe to gym facilities should be aware of the rules
and etiquette. Each facility has its own list of rules but these are the most common:
● Ask for a spotter when lifting loads close to 1RM.
● Do not drop the barbell at the end of the set.
● Put weights and dumbells on designated racks.
● Be aware of the exercise area for equipment
● On a track, inner lane is for walking while outer lane is for running
● Do not engage in horseplay nor talk in a loud voice
● Do not wear loose jewelry while working out.
4. Proper environment conditions. It is advisable to check the environmental conditions
before the exercise session, It is possible that the area or the weather is not conducive for
the activity. The risk of getting sprained is higher when the ground is uneven (e.g., trail)
compared to running track. The weather conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity) should
also be considered before training because it can lead to heat exhaustion and stroke (if it is
too hot) or frostbite and hypothermia (if it is too cold). There is a greater risk for heat stroke
when humidity is above 80% and the temperature is above 35 degrees celsius.
 MODULE IN HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2
Second Semester/Fourth Quarter/Week 1

Appropriate attires must be worn for every activity for protection against extreme
weather conditions. For example, an athlete should wear thermal suit during cold months
or light shirts during summer.
5. Adequate recovery. The recovery period is just as important as the workout session. It
is important to provide the body with an adequate and proper nutrition to recover. Many
chronic injuries occur because the workload was too hard or it was performed too soon. If
pain is recurring exercise, it is best to stop the activity and consult a doctor or ask a fitness
trainer to modify the exercise.

Can heat stroke lead to shock?

DEPED TV Youtube- SPORTS INJURIES AND SAFETY PROTOCOLS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cu2QBStGABY

Table 1. Signs and symptoms of heat illnesses

Illness Signs Symptoms
Cramps Exhaustion Stroke
Muscle Spasm Dizziness Fever above 40 degrees celsius
Fatigue Weakness Weak pulse
Thirst Cool skin Dry, hot skin
Profuse Sweating Dark urine Rapid breathing
Heat stroke is the most severe form of heat illness.
In young adults, it is usually caused by strenuous activity under a very hot and humid
weather. The effects of the environment are intensified when the individual is not able to
properly dissipate heat. The person progresses from mild to severe conditions of heat illness
if he/she does not rehydrate properly or stop the activity. As the condition worsens, the
blood pools in the lower extremities, which affects the pumping ability of the heart. The
excessive dehydration makes the blood more viscous (i.e., thicker), which means that the
heart has to generate more force just to circulate the blood to the rest of the body. When
the blood pressure drops, the individual will experience shock.

Early recognition is the key to increasing the survival rate of an athlete/individual. It is

important to use the signs and symptoms to determine the type of heat illness afflicting an
individual. Follow these guidelines in providing care:

1. Seek shelter that is cold and away from the sun. Provide adequate ventilation in the room.

2. Replenish fluids and electrolytes (i.e.,sodium) by making the person drink one cup every
30 minutes.

3. Stretch the muscle-tendon unit that is experiencing cramps to relieve tension.

4. Decrease body temperature by loosening clothing, wiping the body with a cool towel, or
putting an ice pack over the head or neck. Putting cold compress over the armpit and groin
area helps in reducing temperature.

5. Check body temperature and pulse rate regularly. Elevate the feet to help bring the blood
back to the heart

6. Bring to the closest medical facility for intravenous fluid replacement when temperature
is above 40 degrees celsius.

7. Do not give anti-fever medications of caffeinated drinks to the person.

 MODULE IN HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2
Second Semester/Fourth Quarter/Week 1

Remember This:
When having a physical activity that you suddenly felt like you injured yourself,
immediately cease whatever you are doing. Inform your parent/coach whoever is available
in case you need to see medical help.
Call a doctor when:
● Injury is painfully awful
● More painful when active
● Injury is swollen
● You are limping
● Movement becomes reduced
● Pain continues and worsens at times, lasts a week or more

How to conduct Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

HEALTH SKETCH-YOUTUBE VIDEO CHANNEL-Learn how to CPR:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hizBdM1Ob68

CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) - a medical procedure involving repeated

compression of a patient's chest, performed in an attempt to restore the blood
circulation and breathing of a person who has suffered cardiac arrest.

● Before Giving CPR

1. Check the scene and the person. Make sure the scene is safe, then tap the person on the
shoulder and shout "Are you OK?" to ensure that the person needs help.

2. Call 911 or local emergency response unit for assistance. If it's evident that the person
needs help, call (or ask a bystander to call) 911, then send someone to get an AED. (If an
AED is unavailable, or a there is no bystander to access it, stay with the victim, call 911 and
begin administering assistance.)

3. Open the airway (daanan ng hangin). With the person lying on his or her back, tilt the
head back slightly to lift the chin.

4. Check for breathing. Listen carefully, for no more than 10 seconds, for sounds of
breathing. (Occasional gasping sounds do not equate to breathing.) If there is no breathing
begin CPR.

● Red Cross CPR Steps

1. Push hard, push fast. Place your hands, one on top of the other, in the middle of the
chest. Use your body weight to help you administer compressions that are at least 2 inches
deep and delivered at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute.

2. Deliver rescue breaths. With the person's head tilted back slightly and the chin lifted,
pinch the nose shut and place your mouth over the person's mouth to make a complete
seal. Blow into the person's mouth to make the chest rise. Deliver two rescue breaths, then
continue compressions.

Note: If the chest does not rise with the initial rescue breath, re-tilt the head before
delivering the second breath. If the chest doesn't rise with the second breath, the person
may be choking. After each subsequent set of 30 chest compressions, and before attempting
breaths, look for an object and, if seen, remove it.
 MODULE IN HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2
Second Semester/Fourth Quarter/Week 1

3. Continue CPR steps. Keep performing cycles of chest compressions and breathing until
the person exhibits signs of life, such as breathing, an AED becomes available, or EMS or a
trained medical responder arrives on scene.

Note: End the cycles if the scene becomes unsafe or you cannot continue performing CPR
due to exhaustion.

To see the steps to perform CPR in action, this video from Red Cross Design Studio
Putting it All Together: CPR – Adult ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTcYwYmWRY4
).
CPR for Infants (Newborn to 1 Year) ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n65HW1iJUuY ).

EVALUATION
Activity 1. Practice the Skill
Demonstrate the correct CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) technique on a
mannequin, dummy (you can improvise using a pillow). Begin with the primary survey and
pretend that the person is unconscious and not breathing. Perform five cycles of 30
compressions and two rescue breaths in less than 2 minutes. Ask a friend or family member
to check your technique based on the following matrix. “2” points will be awarded for each
criteria with good technique. “1” point will be awarded for each criteria that the student
hesitated to do or performed with improper technique. “0” point will be given for each
criterion that the student skipped or did not perform.

Criteria Score Documentation/ Picture performing CPR

Check for consciousness
Activates medical assistance
Opens Airway
Checks for breathing
Hands in correct position
Gives 30 chest compressions
Chest is depressed 1.5 inches
Performs two rescue breaths
Chest rise every rescue breath
Completes 5 cycles in 2 minutes

Activity 2: Synthesis
1. Based on the Activity 1, which criterion was the most difficult to perform? Why?
_____________________________________________
2. Do you think you would be able to perform CPR in real life? Why, why not?
_______________________________________________________________

Activity 3: List of Emergency Contact Numbers

Organization Contact Number Service Provided

Ex: Pasay City General (02) 8833 6022 / Hospitalization, Emergency Services etc.
Hospital 5512120
Ex: Pasay DRRMO 0905 493 9111 Emergency Rescue etc.