integumentary system skin, hair, glands and nails

major functions protection, sensation, vitamin d production, temp regulation, aexcretion

2 layers of skin epidermis and dermis
epidermis stratified squamous; most superficial layer
dermis dense connective tissue
2 layers dernis papillary layer and reticular layer
papillary projections called derman papillae; pain receptors
reticular layer blood vessels, glands, nerve receptor
layer of epidermis strata and stratum basale
strata layers
melanin pigment produced by melanocytes
stratum basale deepest epidermal layer; attached to basal lamina
normal skin color determinants melanin, carotene, hemoglobin
melanin yellow, brown or black pigment
cartone orange-yellow pigment
hemoglobin red coloring from blood
appendages of skin sebaceous glands
acne active infection of sebaceous gland
sweat glands widely distributed in the skin
2 types of SG eccrine and apocrine
eccrine open via duct to pore on skin surface
apocrine ducts empty into hair follicles
appendages of skin hair and nail
hair produced by hair bulb; hard keratinized epithelial cells
melanocytes provide pigment of hair
hair anatomy central medulla, cortex arround medulla, cuticle on outside cortex
associated hair structure hair follicle, arrector pilli, sebaceous gland, sweat gland
hair follicle dermal and epidermal sheat surround hair rot
arrector pilli smooth muscle
nails scale like modifications of epidermis
nail structure free edge, body, root of nail, heavily keratinized
skeletal system bones (skeleton), joints, cartilages, ligaments (bone to bone) (tendon=bone to mus
divided into 2 division axial and appendicular
axial skeleton skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage
appendicular skeleton limbs, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle
functions of bones support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
skeleton has how many bones? 206
2 basic types of bone tissue compact and spongy bone
homogenous compact bone
many open sacs spongy bone
classification of bones long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
gross anatomy of long bone diaphysis, epiphysis, articular cartilage, medullary cavity
shaft and composed of compact diaphysis
ends of the bone; spongy epiphysis
covers the external surface of eparticular cartilage
cavity of the shaft medullary cavity
contains yellow marrow
ation, aexcretion

bone) (tendon=bone to muscle)