Digital Electronics (Lecture 12)

Omar Bin Samin

Lecturer
Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar.
 Objectives
• Discuss Multivibrators
▫ Astable Studied in Previous Lecture

▫ Monostable
▫ Bistable Next Lecture

• Discuss their operations

 Monostable Multivibrator
• It has only one stable state, but the other state is
unstable (one shot)

• A trigger pulse (negative or zero voltage) causes the

circuit to enter the unstable state. After entering the
unstable state, the circuit will return to the stable state
after a set time
Input Output
Monostable
Multivibrator
• In the monostable multivibrator, the one
resistive-capacitive network (C2-R3) that was in
astable multivibrator is replaced by just a
resistor
• The monostable can be used as a short duration
timer or a pulse width stretcher

• For the above circuit, consider the following

configuration:
▫ R1 = R4
▫ R2 = R3
▫ R1 & R4 < R2 & R3
▫ Q1 = Q2
 Operation
• When triggered by an input pulse, a monostable
multivibrator will switch to its unstable position for
a period of time, and then return to its stable state

• The time period of monostable multivibrator

remains in unstable state is given by,
t = ln(2)R2C1

• If repeated application of the input pulse maintains

the circuit in the unstable state, it is called
a retrigger-able monostable multivibrator and if
further trigger pulses do not affect the period, the
circuit is a non-retrigger-able multivibrator
 Un-stable
Stable State
State

Discharging
Charging

+
-
OFF
ON ON
OFF
-
+

+
-
 Stable State
• When circuit is switched ON, Q2 is forward
biased by R2 and Q2 is ON, giving it a low
collector voltage

• This low collector voltage is cross connected to

the base of Q1, turning Q1 OFF

• This is the stable state

 Unstable State
• A negative pulse to the base of Q2 turns Q2 OFF

• The collector voltage of Q2 goes high and turns

Q1 ON

• The is the unstable state