Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Central retinal vein occlusion is vascular eye disease Results: CRVO can be diagnosed clinically based on anamnesis, general
commonly found at ophthalmologist daily practice and also physical examination to evaluate risk factors related to the disease and
responsible for a large percentage of blindness and eye morbidity. Early also based on routine ophthalmologic examination. Advanced imaging
diagnosis and prompt treatment may elaborate the disease and slow modalities are useful mainly to evaluate severity of the disease, to
down disease progression. choose treatment modalities and also to evaluate disease response to
Methods: Literature review was carried out, where studies were therapy. CRVO management has two main goals, namely (1) to identify
identified through searching the PubMed, Google Scholar and major risk factor underlying the disease and control it, (2) to diagnose
Proquest database using the keywords: “central retinal vein occlusion”, sight threatening complications of CRVO, such as macular oedema and
“anti-VEGF”, “intraocular corticosteroid”, “retinal imaging”, “macular neovascularisation and to manage them.
oedema”. Inclusion criteria include any reviews on CRVO. Exclusion Conclusion: Current CRVO treatment modalities includes anti-
criteria was reviews which were published more than 10 years ago. VEGF and corticosteroid implants have been extensively studied in
From 75 reviewed journals, 55 journals were included. The literatures big clinical trials and already proven clinically to treat CRVO related
were then analysed systematically based on the results of previous macular oedema.
studies.
Keywords: central retinal vein occlusion, anti-VEGF, intraocular corticosteroid, retinal imaging, macular oedema
Cite this Article: Dhiyantari, N.P.A.R., Rihardini, L.D. 2020. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Literature Review. Intisari Sains Medis 11(1): 61-65.
DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Oklusi vena sentral mata (central retinal vein occlusion/ untuk validitas dan reliabilitas, ditafsirkan dan disusun menjadi satu
CRVO) merupakan penyakit vaskular mata yang sering dijumpai kajian literatur ilmiah.
pada praktek sehari-hari dan bertanggung jawab atas sejumlah Hasil: Diagnosis CRVO dapat ditegakkan secara klinis berdasarkan
1
Klinik Mata Ayu Siwi, Nganjuk, kebutaan dan morbiditas pada mata sehingga diagnosis dini dan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik umum, serta pemeriksaan ophthalmologis
Jawa Timur
penatalaksanaan yang tepat dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan terapi rutin. Pemeriksaan pencitraan penunjang dibutuhkan terutama
dan mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut untuk menilai derajat keparahan penyakit, mempertimbangkan
Metode: Metodologi penulisan yang digunakan adalah tinjauan tindakan atau pengobatan, serta berguna dalam menilai respon
pustaka. Sumber literatur terdiri dari jurnal-jurnal yang relevan dari terapi. Penatalaksanaan CRVO memiliki dua tujuan utama yaitu
*
Correspondece to:
Ni Putu Ayu Reza Dhiyantari; Klinik search engine PubMed, Google Scholar dan Proquest. Kata kunci mengidentifikasi dan mengontrol faktor risiko mayor yang mencetuskan
Mata Ayu Siwi, Nganjuk, Jawa yang digunakan adalah “central retinal vein occlusion”, “anti-VEGF”, CRVO serta mendiagnosis dan menangani komplikasi yang mengancam
Timur; “kortikosteroid intraocular”, “pencitraan retina”, “edema makula”. penglihatan, terutama edema makula dan neovaskularisasi.
ayurezareza@gmail.com Kriteria inklusi adalah semua tinjauan mengenai CRVO. Kriteria Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan CRVO saat ini sudah mengalami
eksklusi adalah literatur yang diterbitkan lebih dari 10 tahun terakhir. perkembangan yang pesat dengan banyaknya modalitas baru
Dari 75 jurnal yang ditinjau, 55 ditemukan cocok sebagai referensi termasuk anti-VEGF dan implant kortikosteroid yang telah terbukti
untuk makalah ini. Informasi yang dikumpulkan dicatat dan dianalisis secara klinis mampu mengobati edema makula terkait CRVO
Diterima: 09-04-2019 Kata kunci: central retinal vein occlusion, anti-VEGF, kortikosteroid intraokular, pencitraan retina, edema makula
Disetujui: 21-09-2019 Cite Pasal Ini: Dhiyantari, N.P.A.R., Rihardini, L.D. 2020. Oklusi Vena Sentral Retina: Tinjauan Pustaka. Intisari Sains Medis 11(1): 61-65. DOI:
Diterbitkan: 03-03-2020 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562
Published by DiscoverSys | Intisari Sains Medis 2020; 11(1): 60-65 | doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562 61
REVIEW
62 Published by DiscoverSys | Intisari Sains Medis 2020; 11(1): 60-65 | doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562
REVIEW
Published by DiscoverSys | Intisari Sains Medis 2020; 11(1): 60-65 | doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562 63
REVIEW
64 Published by DiscoverSys | Intisari Sains Medis 2020; 11(1): 60-65 | doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562
REVIEW
visus pada pasien edema makula terkait 7. Central vein occlusion study group. Natural history and
clinical management of central retinal vein occlusion.
CRVO.21 Arch Ophthalmol 1997;115:489-91.
4. Dense peripheral paretinal photocoagulation 8. Hayreh SS, Zimmerman MB. Fundus changes in central
(PRP). retinal vein occlusion. Retina 2015;35(1):29-42.
9. Hayreh SS, Podhajsky Pa, Zimmerman MB. Natural his-
Dense peripheral paretinal photocoagulation tory of visual outcome in central retinal vein occlusion.
(PRP) masih digunakan untuk mengatasi Ophthalmology 2011;111: 1087-95.
komplikasi neovaskularisasi iris dan retina 10. Shroff D, Kothari A, Bhatia G, Gupta C. Clinical Diagnosis
of Retinal Vein Occlusion. International Journal of
pada CRVO. PRP tidak meningkatkan visus, Ophthalmic Research 2016; 2 (2): 137-142. Available
namun dapat mengurangi resiko neovasku- online at: www.ghrnet.org/index.php/IJOR/article/
larisasi iris dan glaucoma neovaskular. Setelah view/1548/2043
11. American Academy of Ophtalmology Preferred Practice
era anti-VEGF maka penggunaan PRP sudah Pattern Comittee. Preferred Practice Pattern® Guidelines.
banyak berkurang.22 Retinal Vein Occlusions. San Francisco, CA: American
Academy of Ophthalmology; 2016. Available at: www.aao.
org/ppp
KESIMPULAN 12. Schütze C, Schmidt-Erfurt U. Imaging for BRVO and
CRVO.: OCT images layers of the retina that are relevant
CRVO merupakan penyakit vascular mata yang to the evaluation of RVO. Retina today. 2011, May 63-8.
13. Pichi F. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. AAO Eyewiki.
sering dijumpai pada praktek sehari-hari dan 2019 available online at: www.eyewiki.aao.org/w/index.
bertanggung jawab atas sejumlah kebutaan dan php?title=Central_Retinal_Vein_Occlusion
morbiditas pada mata. Diagnosis dini dan pena- 14. Ashraf M, Souka AAR, Singh RP. Central Retinal Vein
Occlusion: Modifying Current Treatment Protocols. Eye;
talaksanaan yang tepat terkait faktor risiko siste- 2016: 30: 505-514.
mik maupun kondisi mata sangat penting untuk 15. Thorell MR, Goldhardt R. Update in the Management of
meningkatkan hasil dan prognosis ketajaman Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusions. Curr
Ophthalmol Rep. 2016 March; 4(1): 38-47.
penglihatan. 16. Maggio E, Polito A, Guerriero M, Pertile G. Intravitreal
Penatalaksanaan CRVO saat ini sudah Dexamethasone Implant for Macular Edema Secondary to
mengalami perkembangan yang pesat dengan Retinal Vein Occlusion: 12 month follow-up and prognos-
tic factors. Opththalmologica.2014;232;207-15.
banyaknya modalitas baru termasuk anti-VEGF 17. Gallemore RP, Wallsh J, Behnam S, Gallemore E. What The
dan implant kortikosteroid yang telah terbukti Clinical Trials Tell Us- Demystifying the studies for some
secara klinis mampu mengobati edema makula practical clinical guidelines. Retin today. 2013 Apr:64-7.
18. Ip MS, Scott IU, VanVeldhuisen PC, et al. A Randomized
terkait CRVO. Baik injeksi anti-VEGF maupun trial comparing the efficacy and savety of intravitreal tri-
kortikosteroid intravitreal memerlukan injeksi amcinolone with observation to treat vision loss associ-
berulang, namun sampai saat ini belum ditemukan ated with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein
occlusion: the Standart care vs Corticosteroid for Retinal
rentang waktu optimal dimana terapi ulang harus Vein Occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:1101-14.
dilakukan. Penelitian lebih lanjut masih diperlukan 19. Gado AS, Macky TA. Dexamethasone intravitreous
terutama untuk menentukan rentang waktu terapi implant versus bevacizumab for central retinal vein occlu-
sion-related macular oedema: a prospective randomized
sehingga meminimalkan beban, biaya serta risiko comparison. Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.
injeksi. 2014. Available at https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.12311
20. Ding X et al. Prospective study of intraviteral triamcin-
olone acetonid versus bevacizumab for macular edema
DAFTAR PUSTAKA secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. Retina;
2011:31(5):838-845.
1. Jenkins T, Su D, Klufas M. RVO Overview: Epidemiology, 21. Evaluation of grid pattern photocoagulation for mac-
risk factors, and clinical features of this common cause of ular edema in central vein occlusion. The Cental Vein
retinal vascular disease. Retina Today. 2018, Apr 40-3. Occlusion Study Group M report. Ophthalmology. 1995;
2. Rogers s, McIntosh RL, Cheung N, et al. International 102;1425-33.
Eye Disease Consortium. The prevalence of retinal 22. Esmaili DD, Boyer DS. Recent advances in understand-
vein occlusion: pooled data from population stud- ing and managing retinal vein occlusions. F1000Res.
ies from United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia. 2018;7:467.
Ophthalmology.2010;117(2):313-319.e1.
3. Kooragayala LM. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO).
Medscape 2019. Available online at: https://emedicine.
medscape.com/article/1223746-overview#a4
4. Stem MS, Talwar N, Comer GM, Stein JD. A Longitudinal
analysis of risk factors and outcome in patients with retinal This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution
vein occlusion. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2010;30(1):16-22.
5. Buehl W, Sacu S, Schmidt-Erfurt U. Retinal Vein Occlusion.
Dev Ophthalmol 2010; 46:54-72.
6. Keren S, Loewenstein A, Coscas G. Pathogenesis, preven-
tion, diagnosis and management of retinal vein occlusion.
World J Ophthalmol. 2014;Nov 12;4(4) 92-112.
Published by DiscoverSys | Intisari Sains Medis 2020; 11(1): 60-65 | doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.562 65