UNIT 5: DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION

POLICIES IN PAKISTAN

5.1 ELEMENTS OF AN EDUCATION SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION:
An education system is an arrangement that consists of teachers, students and a
setting that makes up the educational environment. There are many socio-
economic factors involved in the teaching-learning process such as funding,
facilities, staffing, availability of learning resources etc. But some of the main
elements without which the process of education remains incomplete are:

1) Teacher
2) Teaching Strategies/Instructional material
3) Learner
4) The Learning Environment
5) The Curriculum
6) The Administration

 Teacher:
A teacher is the leading factor in an education system whose skills determine the
quality of education. Teachers must make the right use of their authority. The
utilization of the teaching strategies in the best possible way depends on how
well versed the teacher is at their subject. They must reach out to students to
ensure an equally promising output from them.

 Teaching strategies/ Instructional Materials:

These are the resources teachers, as instructors use to deliver the contents of a
curriculum in a way that ensures the engagement of students and the practice of
various skill sets. Teachers select their method of teaching according to the topic
being taught, level and abilities of the students.

These instructional strategies set the act of achieving classroom goals in motion.
They help teachers to teach efficiently an aid the students in their learning.

 Learner:
Students gain knowledge in a classroom, not only through the lessons imparted
by the teacher but also from their interactions with each other. They participate
in school activities which shapes their abilities and learn the moral codes of
conduct through their obedience to the teachers and maintaining good behavior
to the school authority.

 The Learning Environment:

The learning environment of an education system should be well facilitated in
terms of up to date curriculum, professionally trained competent teachers and
resources for a healthy teaching-learning process to take place.

 The Curriculum:
It is to be made sure that the teaching material consisting the curriculum should
be relevant to the current time and advancements. The curriculum must be
revised every few years and should contain basic literacy and numeracy skills that
would help with a child’s development as well as have them learn important
things about life such as hygiene, human body and other national and
international issues.

 The Administration:
The administrative authorities run the management of educational institutes.
Their responsibilities include the provision of top quality instructional material to
the students, hiring well trained teachers and working to ensure the successful
achievemnet of the set goals.
As De Castel rightly remarks, “The school instills in students the knowledge of,
and respect for established authority structures.”

4.2 IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL POLICIES

ON EDUCATION SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION:
 What is an educational policy?
An education policy consists of the principles and government policies in the
educational sphere as well as the collection of laws and rules that govern the
operation of education systems.

 Impact of Educational policies:

 Education policies have a direct effect on the education involving pupil of
all age groups; from the early age of childhood to 12th standard, then
college, Universities and finally indivisuals in the professional fields.
 They are established for the betterment of educational infrastructures,
school privatization, Teacher training and certifications, staff salary,
graduation requirements etc.
 They uphold moral values and principles.
 They decide the inclusion of relevant content in educational curricula and
exclude irrelevant material.
 These policies explore the purpose of education and act as a guide in a
student’s journey on the educational path.
 How well such policies are practiced determines the success rate of an
education system of a country.

:
  Suggestions for the betterment of the Education
System in Pakistan:
 The responsible authorities must track the educational funds and make
sure that investments go to the right place.
 Rigorous practice and application of all policies mentioned in an
educational constitution would ensure better success rate.
 Prevention of nepotism and eradicating corruption within the authoritative
hierarchy is another fundamental step towards betterment.
 Revising the policies to suit the youth of current time.
 Instilling fairness in all aspects to avoid discrimination and strengthen the
education management.

CONCLUSION:
Educational policies encourage an efficient teaching-learning environment. Their
regular implementation leads to the promotion of safety, justice, provision of
facilities and have a supreme impact on everyone inside the education system.