NAMA : Vicant Gustyanto Sinaga

NIM : 1904113625

JURUSAN : Teknologi Hasil Perikanan

Heavy metal concentrations in sediments and Cyprinus carpio from Maqalika

Reservoir –Maseru, Lesotho: An analysis of potential health risks to Fish
consumers

The determination of heavy metal contaminants in fish is very important in monitoring health
risks to humans who consume them. This study assessed the concentration of heavy metals
(As, Pb and Zn) in sediments and gills of Common Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) from
Maqalika Reservoir in Maseru, Lesotho and their potential health risks to such fish
consumers. Sediment and Cyprinus carpio samples were collected from upstream, midstream
and downstream sites of Maqalika Reservoir and examined for As, Pb and Zn using atomic
absorption spectrometer. Potential health risks were based on comparing the derived metal
concentrations in gills of Cyprinus carpio with the World Health Organization (WHO)
permissible limits for human consumption. The mean concentration levels of Zn, As and Pb
in sediment were in the order: 78.5; 2.34; and 0.29 mg/kg respectively. In the
gills of Cyprinus carpio the mean concentration levels were in the order 7.85; 1.29; and 0.33
mg/kg for Zn, As and Pb respectively. The magnitude of concentration of Zn, As and Pb by
location in the reservoir varied spatially in the order of downstream > midstream > upstream
in both sediment and gills of Cyprinus carpio. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in metal
concentrations between upstream and downstream sites of the reservoir were observed. The
metals concentration in gills of Cyprinus carpio were lower than those in sediments, but
positively and significantly correlated (P < 0.05). As and Pb concentration levels in the gills
of Cyprinus carpio were higher than the WHO permissible limits recommended for fish
consumption of 1 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg respectively, suggesting that residents could
experience significant health risks from the intake of individual metals through
fish consumption. Measures should be taken to reduce heavy metal concentrations in
sediment and Cyprinus carpio exposure in the general population in order to minimize the
risk of human health adverse effects.

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Penentuan kontaminan logam berat pada ikan sangat penting dalam memantau risiko kesehatan
bagi manusia yang mengkonsumsinya. Penelitian ini mengkaji konsentrasi logam berat (As, Pb dan
Zn) dalam sedimen dan insang ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dari Waduk Maqalika di Maseru, Lesotho
dan potensi risiko kesehatannya bagi konsumen ikan tersebut. Sampel sedimen dan Cyprinus carpio
dikumpulkan dari situs hulu, tengah dan hilir Waduk Maqalika dan diperiksa As, Pb dan Zn
menggunakan spektrometer serapan atom. Risiko kesehatan potensial didasarkan pada
perbandingan konsentrasi logam turunan dalam insang Cyprinus carpio dengan batas yang diizinkan
Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) untuk konsumsi manusia. Rerata konsentrasi Zn, As dan Pb
dalam sedimen berada pada urutan: 78,5; 2,34; dan 0,29 mg / kg masing-masing. Dalam
insang Cyprinus carpio konsentrasi rata-rata berada pada urutan 7,85; 1,29; dan 0,33 mg / kg
masing-masing untuk Zn, As dan Pb. Besarnya konsentrasi Zn, As dan Pb menurut lokasi di reservoir
bervariasi secara spasial dalam urutan hilir> tengah> hulu baik di sedimen maupun insang Cyprinus
carpio. Perbedaan yang signifikan (p <0,05) dalam konsentrasi logam antara situs hulu dan hilir
reservoir diamati. Konsentrasi logam pada insang Cyprinus carpio lebih rendah dibandingkan pada
sedimen, tetapi berkorelasi positif dan signifikan (P <0,05). Tingkat konsentrasi As dan Pb dalam
insang Cyprinus carpio lebih tinggi dari batas yang diizinkan WHO yang direkomendasikan untuk
konsumsi ikan masing-masing 1 mg / kg dan 0,2 mg / kg, menunjukkan bahwa penduduk dapat
mengalami risiko kesehatan yang signifikan dari asupan logam individu melalui konsumsi ikan.
Tindakan harus diambil untuk mengurangi konsentrasi logam berat dalam sedimen dan paparan
Cyprinus carpio pada populasi umum untuk meminimalkan risiko efek buruk kesehatan manusia.