GEOPOLITICS AND

SECURITY

Daniel Vélez
Lesson 12: International Human Security
School of Politics and
International Relations

SERGIO ARBOLEDA
UNIVERSITY
Last lesson
11.1. Cyber ​security
11.2. Climate change
11.3. Planetary boundaries and the Anthropocene
11.4. Energy security
11.5. Epidemics and pandemics
11.6. Population growth
Contents
12.1. Security and freedom
12.2. Economic Security
12.3. Food safety
12.4. Security and health
12.5. Personal and community safety
12.6. Political security
12.1. Security and freedom
Traditional
Security
Development as Freedom
Security can be reach with development.
Development is not just economic growth, or
the recognition of certain rights in the Political
Constitution.
Development is to increase the real alternatives
that people have to do what they want to do.
This is usually measure with the HDI.

http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BunGwSCuksE
Freedom from fear, want and indignity

https://www.iidh.ed.cr/
Traditional
security vs
human security

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8DX9hq7VxY

https://www.researchgate.net/
Human Development in the World

https://mapsontheweb.com
Sustainable Development
In recent years, human
development and human
security are analyzed with
a sustainable perspective:
there must be a long term
equilibrium between
political, economical,
social and environmental
factors.
12.2. Economic Security
Extreme
Poverty

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEB4tvIRTXo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWSxzjyMNpU
https://www.hrotoday.com
12.3. Food safety
Famines in human history
Source: https://ourworldindata.org/famines

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvSW5Ez0koM
Pillars of food security and innovation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHJ86oW2TB4

https://www.researchgate.net
Undernourished people in the world

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkyIDfglf2Y

Source: FAO (2019)

12.4. Security and health
Objectives in health
The main global goals concerning health are:
• Reduce maternal mortality
• End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age
• Fight communicable diseases
• Promote mental health
• Prevent and treat substance abuse
• Reduce road injuries and deaths
• Universal access to sexual and reproductive care, planning and education
• Achieve universal health coverage
• Reduce illnesses and deaths from hazardous chemicals and pollution
• Implement the WHO framework convention on tobacco control
• Support research, development and universal access to affordable
vaccines and medicines
• Increase health financing and support health workforce in developing
countries
Health Systems in The World

https://www.reddit.com/
Financing of Health Care

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4yFSSNsacI

https://ourworldindata.org/financing-healthcare
Fight against diseases

Specially against:
• Malaria
• AIDS
• Tuberculosis

And Covid…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ecxjJvmnsY
12.5. Personal and
community safety
The dimensions of personal
and community security
“Personal security aims to
protect people from physical
violence, whether from the
state or external states, from
violent individuals and sub-state
actors, from domestic abuse, or
from predatory adults. For many
people, the greatest source of
anxiety is crime, particularly
violent crime.”
Rivers, N. (2019). International Security Studies
“Community security aims to protect
people from the loss of traditional
relationships and values and from
sectarian and ethnic violence. Traditional
communities, particularly minority
ethnic groups are often threatened.
About half of the world's states have
experienced some inter-ethnic strife.
The United Nations declared 1993 the
Year of Indigenous People to highlight
the continuing vulnerability of the 300
million aboriginal people in 70 countries
as they face a widening spiral of
violence.”
Violence in the world
Global Crime Index
Crime involves:
• Aggravated burglary.
• Burglary.
• Culpable driving.
• Family violence.
• Fraud and scams.
• Homicide.
• Physical assault.
• Robbery.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Uv8al_aRAM https://www.researchgate.net
Sectarian violence

https://www.christianitytoday.com/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wg9g1lOMuLc
Genocides and ethnic violence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upYUFv-0rKY

https://ourworldindata.org/genocides
12.6. Political security
Deadliest Wars in Human History
Human Rights violations
Political repression
It usually involves the use, by
the State, of:
• Surveillance abuse.
• Police brutality.
• Involuntary settlement.
• Censorship.
• Summary executions.
• Torture, forced
disappearance or terror.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsaP16jCFhU
Political repression 4.0.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uReVvICTrCM
 Bibliography and Resources
• Rivers, N. (2019). International Security Studies
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/UN_meeting_on_environment_at_General_Assembly.jpg
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famine#/media/File:Global_famines_history.jpg
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_by_death_toll#/media/File:Wars_by_Death_Toll_Chart.jpg
• https://www.visualcapitalist.com/worlds-deadliest-pandemics-by-population-impact/
• https://www.reddit.com/r/canada/comments/3fzh31/the_efficiency_of_health_care_around_the_world_map/
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Comparison-between-Traditional-Security-and-Human-Security_tbl1_341373372
• https://spacenews.com/indias-2b-border-solution-satellites-gear-and-sensors/
• https://www.iidh.ed.cr/multic/default_12.aspx?contenidoid=ea75e2b1-9265-4296-9d8c-3391de83fb42&Portal=IIDHSeguridadEN
• http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev
• https://mapsontheweb.zoom-maps.com/post/647998200881512448/human-development-index-2020-by-group-and-ranking
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Share-of-the-population-living-in-extreme-poverty.png
• https://t.co/GMnqChcYg3?amp=1
• https://www.hrotoday.com/market-intelligence/research/global-labor-market-report-q2-2020/
• https://www.publichealthnotes.com/food-security-determinants-and-urbanization/
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Elements-of-food-security-FAO-2014_fig2_339145962
• https://docs.microsoft.com/es-es/windows/security/
• https://ourworldindata.org/homicides
• https://ourworldindata.org/human-rights