PRE WARNING UNMANNED AUTOMATIC RAILWAY CROSSING

PREPARED BY
● Yogendra
● Samarth Gupta
● Shivam Rathore
● Vivek Raj

DATE – 30 / 09 / 2021

Overview
Indian railway gate large number of railway accidents generally happened on railway crossings causes huge
life as well as economic loses every year. So here we have developed a project to over come this drastic
problems caused by the unmanned railway crossings because in our country 45% railway crossings are
unmanned in remote areas.
Mention the reason of adopting a particular test methodology for the project. The test methodology
selected for the project could be

1. Prototyping model :

The prototyping model is a pre warning unmanned automatic railway crossing modal development method
in which a prototype is built, tested and then reworked as necessary until an acceptable outcome is
achieved from which the complete system or product can be developed.

INTRODUCTION
India have a largest railway network in the world. So that they have large number of railway crossings,
passing through the public areas. Large number of railway accidents generally happened on railway
crossings causes huge life as well as economic loses every year. So here we have developed a project to over
come this drastic problems caused by the unmanned railway crossings because in our country 45% railway
crossings are unmanned in remote areas. In this project we use a magnetic read switch which only detects
the train and when passes over the switch sends the signals to the timer which operate the relay for the fixed
duration of time to close the railway crossing by gear motored gate and switched on the LCD simultaneously
to display the warning with alarm. The switch is fitted on the track at 200 mts away from the crossing gate
and time is setted to pass away the train completely and switch off the relay and opens the gate
automatically.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the project includes :
● To control the railway gate according to the surrounding magnetic read using HALL sensor. Also
displaying the data on LCD.
● To control the railway gate open/close crossing according to the surrounding magnetic read.
TASKS
● To test HALl sensor values are real time values.
● To test LCD.
● To test all the values are working as specified in the program.
● To test all the hardware components as specified in the project.

SCOPE
● General - Interfacing between sensors including HALL sensor and megnetic read , interfacing
between LCD and LED using ATMEGA 32 microcontroller.
● Tactics - The future implementations may include controlling the intensity of railway gate of LCDs
and the speed of the train according to decease or increase in road traffic intensity and megnetic read
in surroundings respectively using a traffic road vehicle’s interfacing.
● Future - In future, this will reduce the problem of train accidents and save people's time and there
will be no congestion due to railway gates.
SCOPE FOR ADVANCEMENT
● Train information is transmitted to the next station and road traffic.
TESTING STRATEGY
● Unit Testing – To check hardware all the components are working properly or not and hall sensor
are megnetic read real time values or not and actuators are working or not.
● Integration Testing – In integration testing ,Unmanned automatic railway crossing value is
displaying on the LCD or not.
● System Testing – In System testing check railways gate the actuator is working according to the
commands provided to it using program for stop or close.
● Stress testing – To check if components of the project are working efficiently if number of railway
gate and LCDs used stop/close.
● Performance testing – To check if the hall sensors values are according to real time values in the
railway gate.
● Security testing – To check if the railway gate crossing can be accessed by anyone i.e., the threshold
stop set for the categories of measured by the sensors can be accessed by anyone or any particular
shown of LCD.
● User Acceptance Testing – If the same project is deployed on any other client side then to test the
values of the sensor are according to real time and all the components are working accordingly.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
● Magnetic Read Switch
● Relay
● Gear Motors
● LCD
● Transformer
● Diode
● Atmega 32 Microcontroller
● Transistors
● Resistance
● LED's
● PCB(Plane Circuite Bord)

ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENT
● Keil version IDE
● Basic Knowledge Microcontroller Programming
TEST SCHEDULE

PRIWARNING UNMANNED AUTOMATIC RAILWAY CROSSING

FEATURES TO BE TESTED
If the project is rebuilt below features need to be tested again-
● To test whether all the components are working or not.
● To test whether program is correct.
● To test the LCD given by stops are real time.
● To test the sensore given by magnetic read are real time.

FEATURES NOT TO BE TESTED

Below features need not be tested if the project is rebuilt –
● To test microcontroller program used for project is correct.
● To test all the components work accordingly as the project requirement and as specified in the
program.

RESPONSIBILITIES
● Yogendra – Programming ,Documentation (Test Strategy)
● Samarth Gupta –Hardware Setup , Documentation (Test Management Plan)
● Shivam Rathore – Hardware Setup
● Vivek Raj – Documentation (Test Strategy)
ROLES
● RELAY –A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input terminals for a single or
multiple control signals, and a set of operating contact terminals. 
● MEGNETIC READ SWITCH – The reed switch is an electrical switch operated by an applied
magnetic field. 
● LED – Light Emitting Diode is an actuator device which will be on/off according to the values of
the LDR i.e., when the value of LDR is above the threshold value specified in the program LED will
be off and will be on for LDR value below threshold value.
● GEAR MOTORS – A geared motor is a component whose mechanism adjusts the speed of the motor,
leading them to operate at a certain speed.
RESOURCES
● https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/
● https://www.sparkfun.com/
● https://www.guru99.com/
● https://www.instructables.com/
 ● https://www.nevonprojects.com/

SCHEDULES - Major Deliverables includes -

o Test Plan – Test Plan for the project includes testing levels such as unit testing, integration
testing, system testing, stress and performance testing and security testing.
o Also it includes the schedule for testing processes.
o Test Cases – Test Cases includes the testing processes for sensors and actuators and their
interfacing with the microcontroller.
o Test Summary Report – All the components used in the project are working properly. The
interfacing between HALL sensor and railway gate is such that the railway gate is stop/close
according to the threshold value set for the sensor and similarly for interfacing between RELAY
and LEF a threshold value is set so as to stop/close the LCD according to it.

RISKS/ASSUMPTIONS
Risks in the project may include –
● Components failure
● If number of actuators increases the project may get overheated
● If the threshold values of the sensors is altered by anyone, the functioning of the project will also
change.
● Hardware failure.
APPROVALS
● Dr. Sandeep Paul
● Ms. Manisha Gupta
● Mr. Amarjeet Singh Chauhan