LIGHTING Page 1 of 6

SEE-Tech Solutions Pvt. Ltd

Consultants for Energy Conservation, Industrial Safety & Applicati

LIGHTING
Lighting accounts for less than 5% of the electricity consumption in most industries. In spite of the
fact that lighting is a not major energy consuming center in the industry, considerable developments
have taken place in this area, hence the scope for energy saving is significant. Light output is
measured in lumens and the availability of light in a particular area is called illuminance, which is
measured in lumens/sq.m or lux. The illuminance level in Indian industry, with some rare exceptions,
is generally much lower than the recommended levels. Some of the working planes and the required
Lux levels are given below :

Working Plane Min. Lux Required

Chemical works 323

Difficult Manufacturing Tasks 1080

Explosive works 323

Fine Work 750

Foundries-Annealing 323

Foundries-Cleaning 323

Foundries-Core making 1000

Foundries-cupola 500

Foundries-Inspection 5000

Foundries-Molding 1000

Foundries-Pouring 500

Highly difficult Manufacturing tasks 2200

Interiors - Rough work 150

Laboratory 750

Machine shop-Extra fine work 10000

Machine shop-Fine work 5000

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Machine shop-Medium work 1000

Machine shop-Rough work 500

Material Handling 550

Medium work (Machine shop) 300

Most difficult Manufacturing Tasks 7500

Offices 300

Open hearth 300

Ordinary Manufacturing 540

Outdoor storage areas 20

Parking 50

Recreational Play 150

Rolling mills 500

Security 50

Stores 400

Substations 100

Very difficult Manufacturing Tasks 4000

It may be noted that it is not always necessary to provide exactly the sane illuminance level as given
above. Since the issue of lighting is subjective, care should be taken to provide satisfactory lighting
which will facilitate people to do their tasks, without straining their eyes.

Selection of Energy efficient Lamps:

As the technological developments in the field of lighting has achieved tremendously high, the
wattage required to produce the same illuminance has reduced very drastically. Some of the lights
with their illuminance levels are given below :

Type of Lamp Lumen

DoubleTubes (40 W each) 4880

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Single tube(40 W) 2440

HPMV(400 W) 22500

HPSV(250 W) 27000

2xFTL 65 8000

HPMV(125 W) 5800

HPMV(250 W) 12500

HPSV(70 W) 6000

HPSV(100 W) 10000

Incandescent(40 W) 480

Incandescent(60 W) 890

Incandescent(100 W) 1750

Incandescent(75 W) 1200

Incandescent(25 W) 238

The replacement of the standard lamps with the energy efficient lamps is shown below:

Standard Light Replace with

Incandescent(40 W) CFL 9W

Incandescent(60 W) CFL 11 W

Incandescent(100 W) CFL 13 W

HPMV(125 W) HPSV(70 W)

HPMV(250 W) HPSV(100 W)

HPMV(400 W) HPSV(250 W)

DoubleTubes (40 W each) DoubleTubes (36 W each) with single

electronic ballast

Single tube(40 W) Single tube(36 W) with electronic ballast

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Type of lamps, their wattage and luminaires have to be selected considering the tasks being
performed, the mounting height and the lamp efficacy. Apart from illuminance requirement another
parameter which is important is color rendering, which is very much specific if the task involves
distinguishing colors. Luminaires selection also may be done to maximize light availability in the
work area. Use of mirror optics for fluorescent tube light fittings is one such example. Mirror optics
are now being extensively used for office and commercial lighting.

The different types of luminaries available in the market are listed below :

1-Lamp,1 Inch Wide Aluminium Troffer

2-Lamp, I inch wide Aluminium troffer

2-Lamp, I inch wide, White troffer with prismatic lens

2-Lamp, I inch wide, White troffer with translucent diffuser

2-Lamp, I inch wide, White troffer with plastic louver

2-Lamp, I inch wide, White troffer with white metal louvers

2-Lamp, 2 inch wide, White troffer with prismatic lens

2-Lamp, 2 inch wide, White troffer with translucent diffuser

2-Lamp, 2 inch wide, White troffer with plastic louver

4-Lamp, 2 inch wide, White troffer with white metal louvers

Medium distribution reflector and concave lens

Wide distribution reflector and flat lens

Reflector down light with baffles

PAR-38 flood with concentric louver

R-40 flood with reflector skirt

2-Lamp prismatic wrap around

Surface mounted bare lamp unit

Porcelain enameled ventilated standard dome(for incandescent, Mercury,sodium)

Enclosed reflector with incandescent lamp

Medium distribution, Ventilated aluminium or glass reflector with mercury, sodium

lamp

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Narrow distribution, Ventilated aluminium or glass reflector with mercury, sodium

lamp

Wide distribution, Ventilated aluminium or glass reflector with mercury, sodiumlamp

2-Lamp porcelain enameled industrial with 13 deg. crosswise shielding

2-Lamp porcelain enameled industrial with 35 deg. crosswise shielding

2-Lamp porcelain enameled industrial with 13 deg. crosswise &

Lengthwiseshielding

2-Lamp Aluminium industrial with 35 deg. crosswise shielding

2-Lamp Aluminium industrial with 13 deg. crosswise & Length wise shielding

Important Developments :

Electronic Ballast :

Conventional electromagnetic ballasts are used to provide the higher voltage during the starting and
also limit the current during normal operation. The power loss in electromagnetic ballast is about 10
to 15 watts, hence a 40 W tube light fixture actually consumes about 50 to 55 W.

Electronic ballasts are oscillators that convert the supply frequency to about 20000 Hz to 25000 Hz.
The losses in an electronic ballast are only 1 to 2 w. These ballasts can replace conventional
electromagnetic chokes, saving about 20 % energy and also provide about 10% more light. The
additional feature is that, with electronic ballasts, tube lights light up instantly without blinking, the
conventional starter is also eliminated.

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) :

Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFL) are available in sizes of 5 W, 7 W, 9 W, 10 W, 11 W, 13 W, 18

W, 20 W , 23 W, 25 W and 26 W, These are now being manufactured in India. The use of these
lamps are catching up fast in commercial sector i.e. shops, hotels etc. The 9 W, 11 W and 18 W
CFLs can replace 40 W, 60 W and 100 W incandescent lamps respectively.

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Different CFL s that can replace incandescent lamps are

25 W 40W 60W 75W 100W 120W

Incandescent Lamp

CFL

SL 13W 18W 25W

PLEC 11W 15W 20W

PLET 15W 20W 23W

PLEU 9W 11W 15W

PLS 5W 7W 9W 11W

PLC 10W 13W 18W 26W

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