PRU Betavine owenRAYMOND MURPHY ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE by Raymond Murphy 130 Bai ng@ phap tiéng Anh va 5 Phu luc giai thich cdc truéng hgp dac biét cua ng& phap Dich va Chiu gidi Tran Huynh Phuc (Giang vién dai hoc Su Pham) Nha xuat ban TréMUC LUC Thi eda dng tu (verb tenses) Bait Present continuous (/ am doing) Bai2 Simple present {/ do) Bai3 Present continuous / am doing) hay Present simple (! do) Bai4 Present tenses (/ am doing’ do) voi nghifa tuong lai Bal5 Going to (fam going to do) 8ai6 Simple Future (Wil) (1) Bai7 Simple Future (Wit) (2) Bai8 Will hay going to? Bai9 Cc cu véi when va If (When I do... It | de...) Bal 10 Future Continuous (Will be doing) vA Future Pertect (will Rave done) ‘Bal tt — Simpre past (1 ig Bai 12 Past continuous (! was doing) Bai 13. Present Perfest (! have done) (1) Bai14 Present Perfect @) Bai1S Present Perfect - @) Bai16 —- Present Perfect Continuous (! have been doing) Bai 17 Present Perfect Continuous hay Present Perfect? Bai18 Present Perfect va Present Perfect Continuous vol how long, for va since Bai 19 Present Perfect vci how long, va simple Past voi when Bal20 Present Perfect hay Simple Past? (1) Bai21 Present Perfect hay Simple Past? (2) Bai22 Past Perfect (! have done) ~ Bai23 Past Perfect Continuous (! have been doing) Béng tit dic bigt (Modal verbs) Bal24 HAVE-va HAVE GOT Bai25 USED TO (I used fo do) # Bal26 CAN, COULD va BE ABLE TO Bal27 COULD (could dova could have done) Bai28 = MUST va CAN'T Bai29 MAY va MIGHT Baig0 MAY va MIGHT (tugng fal) Bai 31 CAN, COULD, MAY va WOULD trong Idi ndi lich sy Bai32 MUST va HAVE TO Bal33 MUST, MUSTN'T, NEEDN'T, va NEEDN'T HAVE Bai34 = SHOULD (1) Bai36 ~— SHOULD (2)Cau diéu kign (Conditionals) Bai 36 Bai 37 Bai 38 Bai39 Bai 40, Balai Conditional sentences (hign tai, tuong lai) Cau 06 IF va WISH (thd hign tal) Cau 06 IF va WISH (thoi qué kh) WOULD IN CASE UNLESS ; AS LONG AS va PROVIDED/PROVIDING (THAT) Dang bi déng (Passive) Bai42 Passive voice (1) (be done/have been done) Bai43 Passive voice (2) (cdc thi hién tai va qué khi!) Baidé Passive voice (3) Bai4s It is sald that... / He Is saidto..., v.v.., vA supposed to Bai46 Causation form (have something done) 7 ‘Lai néi twang thuét (Reported speech) Bai47. Reported speech (1) Bai48 Reported speech (2) ‘Cau hél (Questions) Bai 49 Bai 50 Baidt Bai 52 Questions (Cau hdi) (1) Questions (Cau hdi) (2) : (Do you know where...? / He asked me where...) Auxillary verbs (Tro d6ng ti) trong cau tra IGv/hdi ngdn: So am I/ Neither am! , think 80/1 hope 80 ... Question tage (Cau hdi dudi) ‘Dong tiv é hinh thc NG va 4éng ti nguyén mu Bai 53 Bai s¢ Baiss Bai 56 Bai 57 Bai 58 Bai 59 Bai6o Bai61 Bai 62 Bai 6d Bai 64 Bai 65 Ver +-ing Verb + to -Infiattive Verb + object + infinitive Infinitive hay -Ing? (1): vi tke, would lke Infinitive hay -Ing? (2): véi begia, start, intend, continue, remember, try Infinitive hay -Ing? (9): v6i be afraid, need, help Preposition + dng Verb + preposition + -ing Expressions + -ing Geiget used to Infinitive of purpose va ménh 46 vdi ao that Prefer va would rather Had better do something It's time someone did somethingBal66 See someone do va see someone doing Bal67 —-Ing clauses (Feeling tired, ! went to bed early) Bai68 Chance va opportunity (dip, co hol) ‘* Bai69 —_Uncountabte nouns (Danh tu khong 48m duge) Bai 70 Countable nouns (Danh ti dém duge, voi a/an va some) Bal71— A/anvathe - Bai72 The (1) Bai73 The (2) Bai74 —_Danh tit 86 nhiéu va danh ti khong d&im duge (c6 va khong o6 the) Bal75 —Cach diing the véi hospital, school, v.v... Bai76 Gach ding the vai dja danh Bai77 Gach dang the véi cdc ten rléng khac Danh ti (nouns) va dal tit (pronouns) - ai78 Singular or plural? : Bai79 — Posseasive case of nouns Bai BO Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives (Bai tly va tinh tir sd hau) Bai81 Reflexive Pronouns (Bal ti! phan than) ‘ Bai82 —_All/alf of, no/ none of, most / most of, etc 8ai83 Both / both of, neither / neither of, either/either of Bales — Some va any Cite két hap voi some va any Bai85 No, none va. any Gée ket hyp val nova any Baid6 Much, many, litte, few, @lotva pleniy Bai87 All, every va whole Ménh.d6 quan hé (Relative clauses) Bai 88 Relative.clauses (1): + M@nh 6 bat ddu bAng who / that / which Bai 89 . Relative clauses (2): ménh dé cé hode khong 6 who 7 that © Bai@0 Relative clauses (3): ménh 68 voi whose, whom va where Bai91 Relative clauses (4): ménn 6 “cung cp thdm thong tin’ 1)» Bai 92 Relative clauses (5): ménh dé “cung op them: tena) tin" (2) Bai 93 Ménh dé bat dau bang -ING vi ee Tinh ti (adjectives) va trang tt (adverbs) Bai94 — Tih tit (Adjectives) tan ciing bing -ing va ed Baigs Thi ty cia tinh tit ("a nice naw house") Tinh ti duing sau dng ti ("Do you fee! tired?*) Bal 96 Tinh tif va trang tit (1) (quick / quickly) Bal97 Tinh tir va.trang tif (2) (good / well, fast/ hard / late, hardly) Bai98 Sova suchEnough va too Bais9 Bai 100 To-Infinitive sau tinh ty : Bal 101 So enh ca tinh ti va trang tir (1): cheaper, more expensive Bai 102 So sdinh (2) Bai 103 So sénh (3) -as ... as / than 3 Bai 104 So sénh.cle clip -the longest, the most enjayable, atc. ‘Trbt ty tts (Word order) Bai 105 Trt ty td (1) - dong t+ thie ti ; noi chén va thdi gian Bai 108 Trae ty tir (2) - trang tid vai dong tw Bai 107 Still va yet al Any more / any longer / no longer Bai 108 Quite va rether Bai 109 Although / though / even though ___. Ii spite of /despite a Bai 110 "Even (ngay cd, tham cho) Bai 111 As (chi lj do va cht thai gian) - Bai112 Like va as Sates geste are $ _ GI tit (Prepositions) Bai 114 At/on/ In (chi thai gian) Bai 115 For, during va while Bai 116 By va until By the time ... Bai 117 In/at/on (chi vi tr (1) * Bai118 — In/at/on (chi vj tr) (2) os Bai 119 To, been to, Into + a By car /in my car Bai 129 On time /in time At the end /in the end Bai 121 Danh tir giél ti (‘reason for" “cause of", v.v..) Bai 122 GIdi ti! + danh tir ("by mistake", “on television”, v.v...) Bai 123 Tinh ttr+ gid ti (1) Bal 124 Tinh tit+ gldl tu (2) % ze Bai 125 Beng tir+ gidi HU (1) > Bai 126 Dong tir+ gidl tur (2) Bai 127 BOng tir+ gids te (3) Bal 128 Ong til+ tic tur + gid! ty (1) Bai 129 Dong ti + tic Nr + gid! tis (2) . Bai 130 Bgng tit kép (get up, break down, fil in, etc...) Phy tyc 4: Danh myc cdc thi hign tai va qué kh Phy lye 2: 86ng tis qui thc va bat qui te Phy lye 3: Chinh 1A (Spelling) Phy lye 4: Dang rit gon Phy Ive 5: Tiéng Anh cla ngudi MY 6BAI 1: PRESENT CONTINUOUS (I am doing) a) Hay xem xét tinh hudng mau Ann dang 6 trong xe. Cd dy dang trén dudng dijam. She is driving to work. C6 Ay dang Idi xe oi lam. Biéu nay 66 nghia la vao ldc nay, ngay tai thai diém ching ta ndi, 06 dy dang Iai xe. ‘Sau day la thi Hign tai tip dién (Present | Continuous): = Vam(=t'm)e DB he / she (itis (= he's, vi. we / they / you are (= we're, v.v...) Ching ta ding thi Present Continuous (Hién tai tiép dién) khi ndi vé mot viéc nao dé dang din rangay Nic néi: ~_. Please don't make so much noise: /'m studying, \ Xin ding lam 8n qué nhu thé. T6i dang hoc. (Khong ding * study"). “Where is Margaret?" ‘She's having a bath* yi “Margaret dau r5i?* "C6 dy dang thm”. (Khong ding “She has"). Let's go out now. It isn't raining any more. (Bay gid ching ta hay ra ngoai. Trdi hét mua ri) (ata party) Hello, Ann. Are you enjoying the party? (rat mét bda tigc) Chao Ann. Ban’ thich ‘a tiéc nay chu? (Khong ding “do you enjoy’). b) Chung ta cing ding Present Continuous khi néi vé mot vige nao 46 dién ra trong © khodng thdi gian ciia ide n6i, nhung khong nhat thiét chinh x4c ngay le n6i, Hay xem tinh huéing mu sau: 2 Tom and Ann are talking and drinking in a café. Tom say: *I'm reading an interesting book at the moment. I'l lend it to you when I've finished it i ‘(Tom va Ann dang noi chuyén va dang udng nuéc tai mot qudn ca phé. Tom noi: “Hién thai t6i dang doe mot cubn sdch hay ldm. T6i s8°cho ban mugn cudn sch dé khi nao 161 dge xong"). = Tom khéng doc cudn sach dé vao Ide anh ta ndi. Anh dy 6 ¥ ndi ring anh dy da bat au doe truéc dé va hign thoi thi cha doc xong. Anh dy dang dgc nila ching. Sau day la mot s6 vi dy khde! ‘ \ - Silvia is learning English at the moment, | (Hign' thei Sitvia dang hoc tiéng Ant). (Khéng ding “learns*) | ovina~ Have you heard about Tom? He is butiding his own house. (Ben a8 nghe ing) vb Tom chua? Anh fy dang xby cin nha riérg cho anh ta) (Khong diing “builds"). Nhung cé thé 1a ngay Ic n6i Silvia va Tom khdng dang thyc hign nhing cong vige nay, Chung ta thudng ding Present Continuous khi néi v6 khoding thdi giant bao gém ca hign 491, Vé.du: today (nem nay), this season (mda nay) v.v. “You're working hard today”. "Yes, | have a lot to do” - "H6m nay ban lam viéc mét nhoc qua”. “Vang, t01 cd nhiéu vide phai sam’. ~ Tom jsn't playing footballthis season. He wants to concentrate on his studies. _ (Mia ndy Tom khéng chai béng dé. Cu ta mun tap trung vao vide hgc cia mbh). Ghing ta dung Present Continuous khi ndi vé nhing tinh haéng dang thay d6i, + The population of the world is rising very fast. {Dan 86 thé gidi dang gia ting rat nhanh). (Khong ding ‘Yises’). + ts your English getting better? (V6n tiéng Anh cila ban cé khd hon khdng?). (Khong ding "does... get?") UNIT 1: Exercises 1.1 In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form. Examples. Please don't make $0 much noise. | am studying (study). Let's go out now. It isn‘tralning (notin) any more. Listen to those people. What language ate thay speaking (they/speak)? Please be quiet, | ........ (Iry) to concentrate: 72 LOOK I enn (SOW). Why .....-. (yOUflK) at me like that? Have | said something wrong? YOU ...nme (Make) a lot of noise. Can you be a bit quieter? Excuse me, |....... (00k) for a phone box. Is there one near here? (in the cinema) It's a.good film, isn't it? ........ (you/enjoy) i Listen! Can you hear those people next door? Thay .... (shout) at each other again why (youlwedr) your coat today? I's very warm. ~~ | sane (NUWOrK) this week. 'm on holiday. 10 I want to lose iweight.I........ (noveat) anything today. 7 eoranaon 1.2 Complete these sentences using one of these verbs: get become . change rise improve fall Increase You don't have to use all the verbs and you can use some of them more than once. Example: The population of the world is rising very fast. 1 The number of people without jobs ....... at the moment, 2 Heis stil il buthe....... better slowly. .‘These days food......... More and more expensive. The world......... Things never stay the same. The cost of living Every year things are dearer, George has gone to work in Spain. When he arrived, his Spanish wasn't very good but now it a. - The economic situation is already very bad and it ease ene WOFSO. —. 13 ead this conversation between Brian and Steve. Put each verb into the correct form. The first one has already been done for you. Brian and Steve meet in a restaurant: Brian: Hello, Steve, I haven't seen you for ages. What (1) are you oing (you/do) these days? 3 1 (2) we (rain) to be @ shop manager. _ Really? (3) one: (¥ow/enjoy) it? Yes, it's quite interesting. How about you? Well, # (4) sven (NOVWOFK) at the moment, but I'm very busy. | (5) ... (build) a house. Realty? (6 (youldo) it alone? No, some friends of mine (7) ........ (nelp) me. KEY 14 1.21 is rising / is falling / is increasing 2 is snowing 2 is getting 3 are you tooking 3 is getting / is becoming 4 are making 4 is changing 5 am looking -_, Sisrising /is increasing 6 Are you enjoying a * 6 is imprdiiitg (or is getting better) 7 are shouting 7 is getting / is becoming 8 are you wearing * 9am not working 10 am not eating . 1.32 amtraining 3 Are you enjoying : 4 am not working . 5am building 6 Ate you doing . are helpingBAI 2: SIMPLE PRESENT (/ do) a) Hay xem Xéttinh hudng mau sau: Alex la mot tai x6 xe buyt. Nhung lic nay anh ta ‘ang ngi trén giuting. Vi thé: He is not driving a bus (he is asleep) L (Anh Ay khéng dang Idi xe buyt (anh dy dang ng). S Nhung: He drives a_bus (Anh ay Idi xe buy?) Sau day la thi Hign tal don (Simple Present): we / you / they drive he / she /it/ drives, Ching ta ding thi Simple Present (Hién tai don) dé din ta cae sy viée mot cach téng quat, Ching ta khong nhat thiét chi nght dén hign tai. Ching ta ding thi nay dé néi dén ‘mot sy vide nao dé xay ra lién tyc hay laprdi lap lai nhiéy ln, hay mot viée nao d6 thusng 1a ding. Sy vide dé 06 xay ra ngay luc néi hay khdng lé diéu khOng quan trong. + The earth goes round the sun. (Trai d&t xoay quanh mat trdi). Nurses /ook after patients in hospital. (Y té cham séc bénh nhan & bénh vién). In Britain most of the shops close at 5.30 p.m. (0 Anh hdu hét cdc cla tiém dong ca lic 5 gié 30). Hay nh ring, chung 1a.ndi he / she /it- 5. Diing quén cha’ s. | work in a bank: Barry works in a shop, (T6i lam vige @ mét ngan hang. Barry lam vige 3 mét oda tigm). b) Chung ta dung do / does a8 thanh lap cau nghi van (questions) va cau phi dinh (negative). Do I/we /you/ they T7we you they dont oon ] work Does he/she / it he / she /it doesn't Excuse me, do you speak English? - (Xin 16i, anh bit ndi tiéng Anh khéng?). "Would you like a cigarette?” “No, thanks, | don't smoke", (Anh hit mét diéu thu chu? “Khéng, c&m on. Téi khéng hut thudc")What does this word mean? (Ch nay nghia 917} Khong ding “What moans this word?) * Rice doesn't grow in Britain, {ta khng trng duge 8 Anh). ‘B6i voi cau mghl vén xem them bai 49. 6) Ching ta ding thi Simpte Present khi n6i v8 milc 06 thudng xuyén cilia nhiing sy vibe ma ching ta thyc hign. ~ [get up at 8 o'clock every morning. ~ : (8 sang 161 thie day hic 8 gid) {Khong dang ‘am geting) ~ How often do you go to the dentist? (Anh of thuting of nha et khéng?) + Ann doesn't often drink tea. ~ (Ann khong thudng uéng tra). — - In. summer Tom usually plays tennis twice a week. (Vao mia ha, Tom thutng choi quén vot mot tudn hai én). d) Luu ¥ ring ching ta nél: “Where do you come from?" (= Where are you from?) (Anh ti dau 1317" (Khong ding: “Where are you coming rom?") He come’ from Japan. (Anh ay ttt Nhat dp} (Khong diing: “He is coming trom Japan") @) Khi mu6n 4@ nghi mot diéu mS = ‘I'm tired, "Why don't you go to bed early?" ("Toi mét"."Thé sao ban kkhdng ai ngd sdm?") "an c6 thé néi: Why don't you ...? (Tai sao ban khong UNIT 2: Exercises 2.1 inthis exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form. Examples. Water balls (ball) at 100 degrees centigrade, George dosan't ga (nov'go) to the cinema very often. How many languages do you apeak (you/speak)? The swimming bath ........ (opan) at 9.00 and ...... (close) at 18.30 every day. What time .......... (the banks/close}in Britain? . thave a car but (noWuse) it very often, How many cigarettes ........ (you/smoke) a day? “What {you/do)? “Tm an electrical engineer, svn (yOUF father/come) from?" "He i you need money; whi . (youmnotiget) a job? TV snem (Blay) the piano, But | (notplay) very well. | don’t understand the word "deceive". What (‘decsive'imean)? (come) trom Scotland" worvanrsans 12.2 This time you have to read some sentences and correct,them. The English is correct but the information is wrong. Write two correct sentences each time. < Example: The sun goes round the earth. The sun dagsn't go raund the earth. . sews Tha earth goes ound the sun, ‘Tho sun rises in the west. Mice catch cats. Carpenters make things from metal. The River Amazon flows into the Pacific Ocean... 2.3.Now you have fo use these sentences fo make questions. Begin your question with the words) in brackets. . Examples: Tom play tennis. (How often?) Haw offen does Tam play tennis? | get up in the morning. (What time/usually?) What time do ya usually get up? 1 Ann watches television. (How often?) How often. 2 Nwrite to my parents. (HOW O16?) wa.aaennunn nana annnieiatnieenn 3. Ihave dinner in the evening, {What time/usually?) 4 Tom works. (Where?) ... 5.90 to the cinema. (How often?) 6 People do stupid things, (Why?) 7 The cpr breaks down. (How often?) KEY 2.1 1 opens... closes 2.3 1 How often does Ann watch television? 2 do the banks close 2 How often do you wiite to your 3 don'tuse _ 8 Parents? 4 do you smoke 3 What time do you usually have dinner S do you do {in the evetiing)? 6 does your father come ... comes 4° Where does Tom work? 7 don't you get - 5 How often do you go to the cinema? 8 play ... don't play 6 Why do people do stupid things? 9 doos "deceive" mean 7. How often does the car break down? 2.2 1 The sun doesn't tise in the west. It rises in the east. . 2 Mice don't catch cats. Cats catch mice. ‘ 3. Carpenters don't make things trom metal, Thay make things from wood. 4° The River Amazon doesn’ flow into the Pacific Ocean. It lows into the Atfantic 12 Ocean, bys