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Welcome to you.

MICROCONTROLLER ENGINEERING

Prof. SI HYUN LEE

Let me introduce myself briefly.

-My hobbies are hiking, drinking, traveling, and golf.


-Working SK Hyniks R&D center for 5years.
-Visiting Scholar at Georgia Institute of Technology in USA
-Prof. Dept. of AI application S/W in Dong Seoul Univ.

November 9, 2021 -1-


Overview

1. The purpose of this lecture is to understand the STM32F429 chip and Nucleo-F429ZI reference board.

2. We will be used the Nucleo-F429ZI and the STM32CubeIDE design tool for beginners to
microcontrollers so that they can design independently in the practical field.
3. We will be coded by hand so that HAL library functions and code usage are familiar in all example
codes.

Notice
1. All examples will be developed in STM32CubeIDE instead of TrueStude of your textbook because only
STM32CubeIDE (2019. 4 Release) will be supported in the future.
2. Some incorrect expressions in the textbook will be corrected in the lecture. ( lsh4185@du.ac.kr )
3. All the examples in Chapters 6 and 7 will be practiced as examples of presentation materials.
4. Also, this lecture is for level 2-3 out of level 5. If you take this lecture, you will be able to
independently design an application system using the latest STM32F429 microcontroller in practice.

November 9, 2021 -2-


Full Class Schedule
Day Subject Contents Reference (Text Book) Remark
Class-1: ARM STM32F429ZIT Architecture p.1-25
NUCLEO-F429ZI B/D &
Day-01 Class-2: NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board p.1-25
Development Environment
Class-3: STM32CubeIDE Installation & Code Analysis p.1-25
Class-1: Introduction, GPIO_EX3_1 p.57
Day-02 GPIO(1) Class-2: GPIO_EX3_4 p.69
Class-3: GPIO_EX3_8, Summary p.73
Class-1: Introduction, GPIO_EX3_3 p.64
Day-03 GPIO(2) Class-2: GPIO_EX3_7 p.71
Class-3: GPIO_EX3_9, Summary p.76
Class-1: Introduction, INTERRUPT_EX4_1 p.88 Polling method
Day-04 Interrupt(1) Class-2: INTERRUPT_EX4_5 p.94
Class-3: INTERRUPT_EX4_6, Summary p.96
NVIC :
Class-1: Introduction, INTERRUPT_EX4_8 p.101
Interrupt method
Day-05 Interrupt(2) Class-2: INTERRUPT_EX4_11 p.111
Class-3: INTERRUPT_EX4_12, Summary p.112
Fundamental
Class-1: Introduction, ADC_EX5_1 p.120
Reference
Day-06 ADC(1) Class-2: ADC_EX5_2 p.123
Class-3: ADC_EX5_3, Summary p.132
Class-1: Introduction, ADC_EX5_4 p.134 Advanced
Day-07 ADC(2) Class-2: ADC_EX5_5 p.136 Structure : 3-ways
Class-3: ADC_EX5_6, Summary p.138
Class-1: Introduction, TIMER_EX1
Day-08 Timer(1) Class-2: TIMER_EX2
Class-3: TIMER_EX3, Summary
Class-1: Introduction, TIMER_EX4
Day-09 Timer(2) Class-2: TIMER_EX4
Class-3: TIMER_EX5, Summary
Class-1: Introduction, Buzzer p.178, p.181, p.183 Final Exam. : 90Min

NovemberDay-10
9, 2021 Application Programming Class-2: Light_Sensor, Water Sensor p.195, p.201
-3-
Class-3: UART, Summary p.241
DAY-1 : Nucleo-F429ZI B/D & Development Environment

Learning Object

Understand the Structure of STM32D429ZIT Chip, Nucleo-429ZI Reference Board, and


STM32CubeIDE Development Environment

Class Contents Practice

Class-1 ARM STM32F429ZIT Architecture

Class-2 NUCLEO-429ZI Reference Board

STM32CubeIDE Development New Project→Code Generation→Code


Class-3
Environment Analysis

November 9, 2021 -4-


Class-1 : ARM STM32F429ZIT Architecture

November 9, 2021 -5-


Refer p.2-3
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (1 of 8)

•Cortex
- Since CorTex developed the first ARM1 processor in 1985 by ARM, Cotrex was the first to
use the name Cortex for a processor with an ARMv7 architecture core.

•STM32F429ZI
- 32-bit MCU developed by STMicroelectronics, based on Cortex-M
- Arm® 32-bit Cortex®-M4 CPU with FPU

•STM32CubeIDE
- STM32CubeIDE is an all-in-one multi-OS development tool, which is part of the STM32Cube
software ecosystem.
- STM32CubeIDE is an advanced C/C++ development platform with peripheral configuration,
code generation, code compilation, and debug features for STM32 microcontrollers and
microprocessors.
- It is based on the Eclipse®/CDT framework and GCC toolchain for the development, and GDB
for the debugging. It allows the integration of the hundreds of existing plugins that
complete the features of the Eclipse® IDE.

•Mbed
- It is a platform developed under the leadership of ARM in order to make the development
of the ARM Cortex-M processor more convenient and easy.
ARM : Advanced RISC Machines
CPU : Central Processing Unit
MCU : Microcontroller Unit
FPU : Floating-Point Unit
CDT : C/C++ Development Toolkit
GCC : GNU Compiler Collection
November 9, 2021 GDB : GNU Project debugge -6-
IDE : integrated development environment
Refer p.2-3
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (2 of 8) ART (Adaptive Real-Time) accelerator

•Core: Arm® 32-bit Cortex®-M4 CPU with FPU, Adaptive real-time accelerator (ART Accelerator™) allowing
0-wait state execution from Flash memory, frequency up to 180 MHz, MPU, 225 DMIPS/1.25 DMIPS/MHz
(Dhrystone 2.1), and DSP instructions DMIPS : Dhrystone MIPS (Million Instructions per Second)

•Memories
–Up to 2 MB of Flash memory organized into two banks allowing read-while-write
–Up to 256+4 KB of SRAM including 64-KB of CCM (core coupled memory) data RAM
–Flexible external memory controller with up to 32-bit data bus: SRAM, PSRAM, SDRAM / LPSDR SDRAM,
Compact Flash/NOR/NAND memories
LPSDR SDRAM(Low Power SDR SDRAM)

•LCD parallel interface, 8080/6800 modes

•LCD-TFT controller with fully programmable resolution (total width up to 4096 pixels, total height up to 2048
lines and pixel clock up to 83 MHz)

•Chrom-ART Accelerator™ for enhanced graphic content creation (DMA2D)

•Clock, reset and supply management


–1.7 V to 3.6 V application supply and I/Os – POR, PDR, PVD and BOR
Power-On Reset (POR), Power-Down Reset (PDR), Brownout Reset (BOR),
–4-to-26 MHz crystal oscillator Programmable Voltage Detector (PVD)
–Internal 16 MHz factory-trimmed RC (1% accuracy)
–32 kHz oscillator for RTC with calibration – Internal 32 kHz RC with calibration
RTC : Real-Time Clock
VBAT : 1.65V~3.6V
•Low power
–Sleep, Stop and Standby modes
–VBAT supply for RTC, 20×32 bit backup registers + optional 4 KB backup SRAM
November 9, 2021 -7-
Refer p.2-3
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (3 of 8)

•3×12-bit, 2.4 MSPS ADC: up to 24 channels and 7.2 MSPS in triple interleaved mode
Mili-Second Sample Per Second

•2×12-bit D/A converters

•General-purpose DMA: 16-stream DMA controller with FIFOs and burst support

•Up to 17 timers: up to twelve 16-bit and two 32- bit timers up to 180 MHz, each with up to 4 IC/OC/PWM or
pulse counter and quadrature (incremental) encoder input
SWD : Serial Wired Debug
•Debug mode JTAG : Joint Test Action Group

–SWD & JTAG interfaces


–Cortex-M4 Trace Macrocell™

•Up to 168 I/O ports with interrupt capability – Up to 164 fast I/Os up to 90 MHz
–Up to 166 5V-tolerant I/Os VBUS : Powered from the bus in USB
System Management Bus (SMBus) ISO7816 : Contact card standard
Power Management Bus (PMBus)
•Up to 21 communication interfaces LIN : Local Interconnect Network

–Up to 3 × I2C interfaces (SMBus/PMBus) – Up to 4 USARTs/4 UARTs (11.25 Mbit/s, ISO7816 interface, LIN,
IrDA, modem control)
–Up to 6 SPIs (45 Mbits/s), 2 with muxed full-duplex I2S for audio class accuracy via internal audio PLL or
external clock
–1 x SAI (serial audio interface)
–2 × CAN (2.0B Active) and SDIO interface
SPI : Serial Peripheral Interface
CAN : Controller Area Network
SDIO : Secure Digital Input/Output
November 9, 2021 -8-
Refer p.2-3
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (4 of 8)
ULPI PHY(Universal Serial Bus Transceiver Macrocell Low-Pin Interface Physical Layer
•Advanced connectivity Device)
–USB 2.0 full-speed device/host/OTG controller with on-chip PHY
–USB 2.0 high-speed/full-speed device/host/OTG controller with dedicated DMA, on-chip full-speed PHY and
ULPI
–10/100 Ethernet MAC with dedicated DMA: supports IEEE 1588v2 hardware, MII/RMII
Ehernet PHY(MAC) Interface type
•8- to 14-bit parallel camera interface up to 54 Mbytes/s -MII (Media Independent Interface)
-RMII (Reduced Media Independent Interface)
-GMII (Gigabit Reduced Media Independent Interface)
•True random number generator
OTG (On The Go) USB
•CRC calculation unit
ULPI PHY(Universal Serial Bus Transceiver Macrocell Low-Pin Interface Physical
Layer Device)
•RTC: subsecond accuracy, hardware calendar
MAC : Media Access Control : 48bit size
•96-bit unique ID CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Code

November 9, 2021 -9-


Refer p.2-3
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (5 of 8)

Chip : STM32F429ZIT6U
B/D : NUCLEO-F429ZI

Refer : data sheet (stm32f429zi.pdf)

https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32f429zi.htmlRefer

https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeide.html

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1.1 STM32F429ZIT (6 of 8)

More from the product line (from https://www.st.com)

November 9, 2021 -11-


Refer p.18
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (7 of 8)

56 IO (6 PORT) : PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF, PG


ADC, TIMER, USART, USB, ETHERNET, …

STM32F42x LQFP144 pin layout and signal name

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Refer p.19
1.1 STM32F429ZIT (8 of 8)

STM32F Series Memory Map

GPIOA ~ GPIOG, …

ADC, TIMER, …

gpio

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Refer p.5

Class-2 : NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board

• Install STM32CubeMX
MPU STM32CubeIDE • Install TrueSTUDIO Compiler
STM32CubeIDE • Install ST-LINK driver STSW-LINK009

Reference Board
November 9, 2021 -14-
Refer p.5
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (1 of 7)
Reference Board
-STM : manufacturer

-ARM (Advanced Risk Machine): The name of a British


semiconductor chip design company

-STM32F429ZIT6U: MPU chip name

MPU
-NUCLEO-F429ZI : Reference B/D name
STM32CubeIDE
-STM32CubeIDE : ARM/ST integrated development
environment design tool

• Install STM32CubeMX
STM32CubeIDE • Install TrueSTUDIO Compiler
• Install ST-LINK driver STSW-LINK009

November 9, 2021 -15-


Refer p.5
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (2 of 7)
USB with Micro-B
LD4:Debug/Run
Features LD1,LD2,LD3:User LED
LD5:Over Current
•STM32 microcontroller in LQFP144 package X1

•Ethernet compliant with IEEE-802.3-2002 (depending on LD6:PWR

STM32 support)

•3 user LEDs

•2 push-buttons : USER and RESET

•LSE (Low Speed External) crystal : 32.768 kHz crystal X3 : NOT USE
X2
oscillator
X4
•Board connectors:

– USB with Micro-AB


LD7:USB FAULT
– Ethernet RJ45

USER USB with RESET


LD8:VBUS
Micro-AB
November 9, 2021 Ethernet RJ45 -16-
Refer p.5
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (3 of 7)

• Expansion connectors – ST Zio Connector including


Arduino™ Uno V3, ST morpho Extension Header

• Flexible power selection: ST-LINK USB VBUS or external


sources On-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer
ST Zio
using SWD (Serial Wire Debug) connector: ST-LINK/V2-1 Connector
standalone kit capability ST morpho
Extension
Header
• STM32CubeIDE: Supports a wide range of integrated
development environments (Environments: IDE) that can
use GCC-based IDEs and Arm™ Mbed™

• Comprehensive free software libraries and examples


available with the STM32Cube package

November 9, 2021 -17-


2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (4 of 7)

LQFP (Low-profile Quad Flat Package)


-Surface mount integrated circuit package type in which the pin of
the component protrudes on four sides
-Pin order is counterclockwise from the first point
-Pin spacing is 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.65mm, 0.8mm spacing for common pitch

TQFP (thin quad flat pack)


-A type of integrated circuit package used to design space-
constrained applications, such as PC cards.
-TQFP package chip is thinner than PQFP package chip
-Usually the thickness of TQFP package is 1.0mm to 1.4mm

PQFP (plastic quad flat pack)


-A type of integrated circuit package
-In general, the PQFP package is replaced by a thinner TQFP package -
PQFP package thickness varies from 2.0mm to 3.8mm

November 9, 2021 -18-


Refer p.4-5
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (5 of 7)

RMII (Reduced Media Independent Interface)

• RMII is a shortened form of the MII interface. -Reduce MII, TXD and RXD are reduced by 2 bits each -
Clock operates up to 50 MHz
November 9, 2021 -19-
Refer p.5
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (6 of 7)

Interchip communication method : I2S, I2C, SPI, CAN, UART

SAI (Serial Audio Interface) : I2S, I2C, CAN, UART

I2S (Intergrated Interchip Sound)

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) : High speed comm. (processor<-


>processor, processor<->flash), 1 data line

QSPI (Quad Serial Peripheral Interface) : 4 data line, faster


speed in OS booting

NRST : Reset MCU registers. The contents of the flash are not
changed.

MAC/PHY interface : 3-ways


MII (Media Independent Interface)
RMII (Reduced Media Independent Interface)
GMII (Gigabit Media Independent Interface)
NUCLEO-F429ZI B/D Top Layout
November 9, 2021 -20-
Refer p.6
2.1 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (7 of 7)

NUCLEO-F429ZI B/D Bottom Layout

November 9, 2021 -21-


Refer p.7
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (1 of 7)

SD/MMC : Multi Media Card


SAI : Serial Audio Interface

ST Zio Connector

Zio Connector

Jumper : JP1~JP7, refer p.13-17


November 9, 2021 -22-
Connector : CN1~CN14, refer p.7-12
Refer p.8
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (2 of 7)
Arduino™ Uno V3

ST Zio Connector

November 9, 2021 -23-


Refer p.9
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (3 of 7)

ST Zio Connector

November 9, 2021 -24-


Refer p.10
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (4 of 7)

ST Zio Connector

November 9, 2021 -25-


Refer p.11
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (5 of 7)

ST Zio Connector

November 9, 2021 -26-


Refer p.12
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (6 of 7)

Structure of ST Morpho Extension Header (CN1, CN2)

November 9, 2021 -27-


Refer p.13
2.2 NUCLEO-F429ZI I/O Connector (7 of 7)
CN4 J1

Jumper : JP1~JP7, refer p.13-17


J2
Connector : CN1~CN14, refer p.7-12
JP3

CN4 jumper function to select ST-LINC/V2-1 JP4

JP5
jump state Explanation

When all CN4 jumps ST-LINC/V2-1 has on-board programming


are ON enabled
JP6

When both CN4 jumps ST-LINC/V2-1 enabled with external CN6


are OFF connector (supported SWD) JP7

If CN4 disconnected, error occurred as following.

Target no device found

Error in initializing ST-LINK device.


Reason: No device found on target.

November 9, 2021 -28-


2.3 NUCLEO-429ZIT Clock Tree (1 of 2)

• HCLK : A clock that operates the actual source code as a core clock

•SYSCLK: System Clock. Immediately after Power On Reset, the internal clock is
unconditionally operated first.

• HSE (High Speed External): External high-speed clock that requires a crystal/ceramic
resonator external to the STM32. It can also be used as an external square wave or triangle
wave signal with a duty of 50% or less.

• HSI (High Speed Internal): As an internal high-speed clock, it is a clock operated by the
RC oscillation circuit built in STM32. It has its own calibration function, but an error
occurs due to temperature rise due to the characteristic problem of the RC oscillation
circuit.

• LSE (Low Speed External): A 32.768kHz Crystal / Ceramic resonator is used as an external
low-speed clock, and the purpose is to realize low power and set accurate time (RTC).

• LSI (Low Speed Internal): As an internal low-speed clock, it is used for Independent
Watchdog, AWU (Auto Wakeup) function, and RTC (real-time clock) Clock (It is difficult to
secure accuracy)

• CSS (Clock Security System): When there is a problem with the HSE clock, it generates an
NMI interrupt and changes the clock source to the HSI clock

November 9, 2021 -29-


2.3 NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board (2 of 2)

Clock Tree

X1 : 8MHz
X2 : 32.768KHz
X3 : NC
X4 : 25MHz

MCO (Microcontroller Clock Output) PA8

November 9, 2021 -30-


Refer p.23
2.4 NUCLEO-F429ZI Extension Board (1 of 1)

Extension B/D
• LEDs for output (LED1 to LED8) : 8

• Switches for input (SW1 to SW4) : 4

• DC motor driver (BA6208) : 2

• Connectors for DC motor drive : 3

• Connector for Bluetooth/Wi-Fi module: 1

• Sockets for mounting the STM32 Nucleo-144 board: 2

Board Peripheral Signal Name Port & Pin number

LED LED1 ~ LED8 PD0 ~ PD7

Nucleo-144 Switch SW1 ~ SW4 PG0 ~ PG3

I/O board DC motor driver (right) MOTOR-R PD12, PD13

DC motor driver (left) MOTOR-L PD14, PD15

November 9, 2021 -31-


Class-3 : STM32CubeIDE Installation & Code Analysis

November 9, 2021 -32-


3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (1 of 10)

STEP-1

https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeide.html

STEP-2

November 9, 2021 -33-


3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (2 of 10)

STEP-3

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (3 of 10)

STEP-4

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (4 of 10)

STEP-5

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (5 of 10)

STEP-6

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (6 of 10)

STEP-7

bottom left of the window

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (7 of 10)

STEP-8

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (8 of 10)

STEP-9

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (9 of 10)

STEP-10

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3.1 STM32CubeIDE Installation (10 of 10)

STEP-11

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3.2 Getting start New Project (1 of 10)

STEP-1

If there is no internet connection

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3.2 Getting start New Project (2 of 10)

STEP-2

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3.2 Getting start New Project (3 of 10)

STEP-3

November 9, 2021 -45-


3.2 Getting start New Project (4 of 10)

STEP-4

Part Number : STM32F429ZI


Core : Arm Cortex-M4
Series : STM32F
Line : STM32F429/439

November 9, 2021 -46-


3.2 Getting start New Project (5 of 10)

STEP-5

Next

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3.2 Getting start New Project (6 of 10)

STEP-6

November 9, 2021 -48-


3.2 Getting start New Project (8 of 10)

STEP-7

coding method Explanation

Method-1 Day-1 / STM32CubeIDE + STM32 Project + CubeMX

Method-2 STM32CubeIDE + STM32 Project using the HAL library function

Method-3 STM32CubeIDE + STM32 Project/Empty project : using registers direct access

November 9, 2021 -49-


3.2 Getting start New Project (7 of 10)

STEP-8

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3.2 Getting start New Project (9 of 10)

STEP-9
1. Internet required, if not connected
2. Only RCC & SYS items are set as shown below

November 9, 2021 -51-


3.2 Getting start New Project (10 of 10)

STEP-10

November 9, 2021 -52-


3.4 Adding Port(1 of 2)

1. main.h : no change
2. main.c : change

November 9, 2021 -53-


3.3 Code Generation

File / Save

November 9, 2021 -54-


Refer p.57-62
3.4 Coding / main.c

/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
port Pin no Port operation
while (1) GPIO_EX3_1, refer p.60
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_Delay(1000);

HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET);


HAL_Delay(1000);

/* USER CODE END WHILE */


}
Same as

GPIO_EX3_2, refer p.63

HAL_GPIO_TogglePin (GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_0);


HAL_Delay(1000);

Cont + Shift++ : zoom out


Cont + Shift+- : zoom in

Press Cont+Space : Code Completion Function

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Go to function definition & intelligence function

Click and F3

Press Cont+Space

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3.5 When the Computer And the Debugger of Target Are Not Connected (1 of 4)

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3.5 When the Computer And the Debugger of Target Are Not Connected (2 of 4)

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3.5 When the Computer And the Debugger of Target Are Not Connected (3 of 4)

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3.5 When the Computer And the Debugger of Target Are Not Connected (4 of 4)

1.Remove the value of the st-link s/n entry


2.Check the st-link s/n item again and click
Scan
3.Click Apply
4.Close
5.Disconnect and reconnect the USB cable

November 9, 2021 -60-


Glossary of Terms

• Reference board: Reference board (a board/device made to verify/use the operation and
function of the chip) IDE (Integrated Development Environments): Integrated development
environment

• Data sheet: Data sheet (a manual that describes the characteristics, performance, function,
and usage/application of the chip) Specification: Specification (clear specification of chip
or device)

• Memory map: Memory map (specifying the areas of memory that the processor can access by
address)

• CPU: Central processing unit (CPU) is the most essential computer control unit that
controls the computer system and executes and processes program operations, or a chip with
its functions embedded CPU, MPU, MCU, microprocessor, microcontroller, embedded processor

November 9, 2021 -61-


Practice Problem

1. Briefly describe the features of the STM32F429ZI board.

2. Briefly explain the characteristics of the expansion board mounted on the STM32F429ZI
board.

3. Briefly describe the features of the STM32F429ZI chip.

4. Explain the types of input/output signal pins of STM32F429ZI chip.

5. Describe the memory map of the STM32F429ZI board.

6. Explain the input/output timing of the STM32F429ZI chip with reference to the data sheet.

November 9, 2021 -62-


Quiz

1. STM32F429ZI is a type of MCU manufactured by ARM.

2. NUCLEO-F429ZI is a reference board from STM.

3. The design tool used for programming the NUCLEO-F429ZI board is STM32CubeIDE.

4. NUCLEO-F429ZI board supports ST Zio and ST morpho connectors.

5. Memory map is divided into several areas (GPIO, RAM, Timer, ADC, etc.) used by MCU, and
each has an assigned area address.

November 9, 2021 -63-


Summary : Day-1

Class-1: ARM STM32F429ZIT Architecture

NUCLEO-F429ZI B/D &


Day-01 Class-2: NUCLEO-F429ZI Reference Board
Development Environment

Class-3: STM32CubeIDE Installation & Code Analysis

November 9, 2021 -64-

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