PAPER 1 FORMAT AND

ANALYSIS
English as First Language (0500)
Syllabus of year (2023-2025)
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Question 1) Comprehension and summary task (30 marks)

Comprehension task (15 marks)

1. Students will have to answer questions of the first comprehension

called Text A of the question paper.
2. It is advisable to first read the comprehension to just get some basic
idea. This is known as scanning and should not take more than 5
minutes. Next, the questions should be read, and the paragraphs
skimmed thoroughly for the answers.
3. One of the questions (1b) usually asks to explain the given terms
explicitly in your own words. These questions should be solved by
dividing each of the terms of the phrases and then selecting suitable
definitions or synonyms which actually relate to what is written in the
comprehension as in this case the term powder can mean a variety
of things and then writing it collectively.
Example:- ‘meal-replacement powder’ [QP 13/M/J/2020]
ANS) Finely ground solid that can be eaten instead of food

4. In questions like (1b), the answers should be written implicitly rather

than explicitly like the previous example.
Example:- ‘Real books are fighting back’ [QP 12/M/J/2020]
This sentence is an example of personification but when it is applied to
the context of the comprehension that it is related to, it means that
ANS) ‘real books are gaining popularity again as compared to e-books’
rather than the books literally fighting back.
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Summary task (15 marks)

Writing Level 3 [4–5 marks]
• A relevant response that is expressed clearly,
1. This task is marked out of 15 and
fluently and mostly with concision.
the word limit is 120 words only. • The response is well organized.
Out of the 15 marks, 10 are • The response is in the candidate’s own
awarded for the content/reading words (where appropriate), using a range of
the Text B. (The 10 points related well-chosen vocabulary which clarifies
to the main question of the meaning.
• Spelling, punctuation and grammar are
summary must be addressed in a
mostly accurate.
manner that links them all well
together) Five marks are awarded
for the writing/quality of the summary
2. Written in continuous writing and not in note form (points written in
bullets rather than paragraphs).

Keys to writing summary

successfully Reading Level 5 [9–10 marks]
• A very effective response that demonstrates
1. Identify the key points based on the a thorough understanding of the
main question asked. requirements of the task.
2. Organize and gather the points found • Demonstrates understanding of a wide
that address the same underlying range of relevant ideas and is consistently
idea or find ways to link them up well focused.
rather than writing them as separate • Points are skillfully selected to demonstrate
an overview.
sentences of their own.
3. Use your own words as far as
possible. The idea addressed in text B should be conveyed using
synonyms of words wherever possible, providing that the main idea is
conveyed correctly.
4. Writing should be objective, (related to description of something or
based on statistical value/ facts rather than someone’s personal
experience from the text) also it is written in 3rd person (he, she, it,
they, or name)
5. Maintain clarity and concision throughout the summary writing to avoid
redundancy and exceeding the word count.
6. Use connectives. Examples:- additionally, moreover, nevertheless,
also, besides, therefore.
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Summary writing example [QP 12/M/J/2020]

ANS) Modern libraries have become well-lit and less tight with relation to space,
also the layout of the bookshops has been revamped by architects to give it a
more modern feel. Moreover, the books have been well categorized on shelves
and variety of neoteric applications have been implemented to navigate
through the store as well as check for the availability of books easily. These
book shops have also started to retail variety of different things along with
books and they are striving to provide a hospitable environment too.
Nevertheless, these book shops had been traditional and their layouts
haphazard. Although they lacked customer friendliness, they evolved to level up
with the demands of e books.

 
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Literary Techniques
1. Anecdote:- a small piece of narrative about something that is being
discussed. If a group of people are discussing about what faux pas are
and then someone comes up with their account of such an incident, then
it is an anecdote. It is also called ‘a story with a point’
Example:- I remember once….

2. Oxymoron:- it is a combination of two unlike terms. The purpose is it to

create a sense of drama
Example:- love hate relationship, deafening silence, sweet misery, it is the
beginning of the end.

3. Rhetorical questions:- direct answers are not given to questions like

these. They provoke the readers to think and evaluate their choices in
life. It may also be used to create a dramatic effect. They are also used to
gain agreement or cross-question.
Example:- ‘will you allow the killing of animals for that lovely shade of red
reposing in your purse?’

4. Using the five senses:- sound, sight, smell, taste and feel, these allow
the reader to gain an insight and experience the scenarios vicariously.
Example:- the booming torrent of ginormous alpine snow clipped us against
the bone chilling snow.

5. Repetition:-. repeating the same word or sentence more than once

brings the readers’ attention towards it.
Example:- Kara cried and cried in the sickening heat.
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6. Personification:- used to give animate things human characteristics.

Example:- the leaves raced across the roaring river.

7. Metonymy/ synecdoche:- words used in place of phrases or vice versa.

Leaves room for guess work and creates drama.
Example:- ‘the (white house) declared’ was replaced with (president)’ or
the (king/queen) was dethroned was replaced with ‘the (crown) was
dethroned’.

8. Asyndeton:- this is when conjunctions are replaced in a sentence with

full stops or commas etc. This increases the pace of the writing and is
used to state the gravity of things.
Example:- I threw the ball towards her, she blinked, bam!

9. Emotive language:- powerful language used to invoke emotions. The

words used are related to different emotion like happy, sad ,angry, etc.
Engages the reader, forms connection with them and provides depth to
the scene.
Example:- She gleefully enjoyed the serene beach’s tranquility in the
sweet summer heat.

10.Idioms:- sentences that have hidden meaning.

11. Humor:- anything (exaggeration, understatement, etc.) funny used to

change the mood.
Example:- I wish that I was as smart as you are.

12.Hyperbole:- used to exaggerate things and bring emphasis.

Example:- if I eat anymore my stomach will explode.
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Types of sentences and syntax
1. Simple sentence:- Contains only one sentence (independent clause)
that does not depend on any other sentence. These kinds of sentences
are used to create suspense. The readers expect the story to proceed
but the flow is broken by the full stops, so this makes them yearn for
more and keeps their attention intact.
Example:- the door creaked shut behind me. I gasped. I was not alone
in the blinding darkness.
2. Complex sentence:- The effect of this kind of sentence is that it
avoids repetition and allows the reader to follow a slow pace as to
enjoy the description. These kinds of sentences are usually used for
description, and it contains conjunctions. Example:- ‘I went to the park.
My brother played with his friends in the park.’ This can be re written
as a complex sentence instead of a simple sentence:- ‘at the park my
brother played with his friends.’
3. Compound sentence:- also used to for description
Example:- I find the history of the Roman Empire interesting because
the history is very diverse as the old roman way of life is quiet
marveling.
4. Declarative:- a sentence that makes a statement, provides a fact,
offers an explanation, or conveys information. Example:- this is a
century old Bulga whale skeleton.
5. Interrogative:- a type of sentence that asks a question. Example:-
have you seen the new bond film?
6. Imperative:- gives a command, demand. Example:- follow the que to
the petrol pump and do not try to jump the line.
7. Exclamative:- a sentence type used to express surprise about
something unexpected or extraordinary. Example:- I have finally
gotten into the most coveted university in the world!
8. Syntax:- the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed
sentences in a language. Example:- hurriedly, he ran towards the car.
OR he ran hurriedly towards the car.
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Question 2) Short answer question and writer’s
effect/language task. (25 marks)

Short answer question (10 marks)

1. It is advisable to first read, understand and then mark out the key
words from the passage after reading the question. If the passage is
just read to find answers to particular questions, then you might not
understand the gist of the passage and important points may be
skipped out of haste. Thoroughly read text c as you must understand it
fully and to be on par with. The short answer task, writer’s effect task
and lastly the directed writing task are all dependent on text c.
2. First part of the question is to find terms or sentences from the
passage that match the underlined sentences/words of the questions.
Secondly, explain the implicit meaning of terms with respect to the
passage. Finally, you will have to explain what sort of impression the
writer delivered from a small extract of the passage. For Q2c choose a
kind of text that will enable you to analyze in depth and give 3
different points for the answer.
3. For question 2c three points/explanations should be written for any
one of the chosen ideas from the extract, that is powerful enough to
interpret it in 3 different ways. Those 3 points should explain the
implicit meaning of the words and what affect did it have on you/what
did you make of it? It is also good to write the point you have chosen
as quotation.
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Example:- [QP 12/M/J/2020]

Only the questions discussed above are mentioned below.

Q2) Identify a word or phrase from the text which suggests the same idea
as the words underlined:
ai) A lot of the books in the store seem to be from the ancient past.
ANS) Books have the look of antiquity.

bi) Using your own words, explain what the writer means by underlined
words:
I was unemployed, a result of the great food-chain contraction sweeping
through the country, leaving bankrupt burger chains and shuttered sushi
empires in its wake.
ANS) shuttered:- the sushi restaurants had closed down forever.
2c) Use one example from the text below to explain how the writer
suggests what the narrator thinks about the burger bun. Use your own
words in your explanation.
The job I’d lost was at the corporate headquarters of a very new,
company. It wrote software to design and bake the perfect burger bun:
smooth crunchy skin, soft interior. It was my first job out of art school. I
started as a designer, making marketing materials to explain and
promote this tasty treat: menus, diagrams, and posters for store
windows.
ANS) The narrator is trying to explain the texture of a quintessential burger
bun and imply how appetizing the external appearance of the bun is by
saying that it is ‘crunchy’ and too tempting to resist.
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Writer’s effect (15 marks)

1. Total of 200-300 words should be written for question 2d after reading

text c
2. Each paragraph should be almost of the same word count.
3. Present tense should be used throughout the writing task. Ex:- the
implies, he paints a picture of, etc.
4. Demonstrate an understanding of how language works to leave an
effect. For this part, besides from picking the correct answers you will
have to explain what sort of impression it left; analyze it in different
ways.
5. Phrases such as (paints a picture, implies, conjures up a sense of,
reflects, portrays, conveys, indicates, and suggests) also called
analytical verbs should be at least used 2 times while writing how the
writer has achieved an effect.
6. For this part of the paper, you will have to:-
I. Identify three varied, powerful, and striking figures of
speech/stylistic choices in the form of words/phrasal verbs or
phrases such as (onomatope, metaphor, emotive language,
vocabulary, hyperbole, personification,) or any other kind of
description that helps you visualize what the writer is
describing, from each of the 2 paragraphs listed as mentioned
in the question. Mention the kind of stylistic choices are used.
II. Analyze how the figures of speech have been used to create
an image and what sort of mood/emotion is the writer trying to
convey.
III. Comment on the types of sentences, syntax and sentences
functions can also be used to comment on the writing style.
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Keys to writing the language task successfully

1. The text should begin with a definite overview of what the writer is trying to
explain, and it begins with (the overall effect of the language...). Secondly, the
following paragraph should include the 3 points from text c, related to the Q
and the beginning of this paragraph should be like according the PQC method
(The writer begins by implying/ analytical verb...) Also, for the next 2 points
you should write ‘the writer then proceeds to describe/ the writer goes on to
describe/the writer then paints a picture of...’ Finally, the same procedure
should be followed for the 2nd bullet point of the Q.
2. The PQC method stands for Point; what the author has done, Quote; use
quotation marks to write citations, Connotation; the feeling it invokes on the
reader and analyze the text well. This is the way you will write the selected
point from text c, also it doesn’t matter the order in which you use the PQC
method.
Example:- ‘he spitted blood and his face contorted spitefully because of a
facetious joke’
ANS) The author seems to paint a rather volatile and vehement picture of Mr.
Harris’s temperament due to the use of the idiom ‘spitted blood’ and the
association of the descriptive adjective ‘contorted’ with his facial expression.
This instills a frightening as well as a temperamental image of Mr. Harris in
the mind of the reader.
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Example:- [QP12/M/J/2020]

2d) Paragraph 1 begins ‘Lost in the shadows’ and is about what Clay sees and
feels as he climbs the ladder. Explain how the writer uses language to convey
meaning and to create effect in these paragraphs. Choose three examples of
words or phrases from each paragraph to support your answer. Your choices
should include the use of imagery.
The narrator, Clay, is young and talented, but struggling to find a new job. After
months of searching, including walking the streets each day looking for
advertisements in shop windows, he finds just one job to apply for.
‘Lost in the shadows of the shelves, I almost fall off the ladder. I’m exactly
halfway up. The floor of the bookstore is far below, the surface of a planet I’ve
left behind. The tops of the shelves loom high above. It’s dark up there – books
are huddled together, not letting any light through. The air might be thinner, too.
I think I see a bat. I’m holding on for dear life, one hand on the ladder, the other
on a shelf, fingers pressed white.’

ANS) The overall effect of the language established by the writer is clearly
exaggerative and scrupulous of the conditions of a rather cramped library in
which it seems like he has been transferred to a new dimension due to the
existence of an overwhelming number of books. The writer begins by implying
that Clay is far from human reach as he uses the hyperbole ‘left the planet
behind’ as he toiled up the sizeable bookshelf, this frames an image of Clay
being all alone and stranded among books. The writer then proceeds to paint a
picture of Clay being threatened and towered over by the insurmountable
bookshelves by personifying bookshelves with the use of ‘loom’. This evinces
Clay is easily intimidated by something so mundane and he is of a timid
personality. Finally, the writer ends with a descriptive adjective ‘white’ relating
to his finger, as he fights to maintain his balance on the ladder. This leaves
room for the reader to speculate as Clay’s body language is indicative of
trouble.

Two types of writing
Continuous writing
Based on your own account of
a realistic incident rather than
impersonating someone and
writing their experience.
Example:- descriptive and
narrative according to paper 2
Question 3) Extended response to reading (25 marks)
1. The word limit for this part of the
paper is 250 to 350.
2. Up to 15 marks are given for the
reading/content of the answer and 10
marks for the quality of the writing.
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Directed writing
Based on someone else’s
account of an experience and
a ‘list’ of instructions will have
to be followed to write it. Also,
you will have to play the role
of the person that the story is
entailing and write from their
perspective. It is also called
non-fiction writing task.
Example:- formal/informal
letter, newspaper/formal
report, journal, speech,
interview, and magazine
article
Reading Level 5 [13–15 marks]
• The response reveals a thorough evaluation
and analysis of the text.
• Developed ideas are sustained and well
related to the text.
• A wide range of ideas is applied.
• There is supporting detail throughout,
which is well integrated into the response,
contributing to a strong sense of purpose and
approach.
• All three bullets are well covered.
• A consistent and convincing voice is used.
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3. It is an example of directed writing question and may range from letter,
report, journal, speech, interview to article writing.
4. Candidates should select ideas from the text (see below) and develop
them relevantly, supporting what they write with details from the text.

Keys to writing directed entry successfully

1. Each type of writing style has its own feature/format that must be kept
in mind when attempting the question.
2. Five ideas must be written by
Writing Level 5 [9–10 marks]
rewording appropriate words/
• Effective register for audience and purpose. The
sentences for each of the three language of the response sounds convincing and
bullet points as the reading task consistently appropriate.
is for 15 marks and these points • Ideas are firmly expressed in a wide range of
can be found from anywhere in effective and/or interesting language.
the text. If for 1 of the bullet • Structure and sequence are sound throughout.
points, the number of ideas are • Spelling, punctuation and grammar almost always
less then make it up for, in the accurate.
next bullet point.
3. Do not pick up sentences or
words from the paragraphs if they have synonyms, the only thing that
must be conveyed is the reworded idea.
4. Suitable sentence structure and stylistic choices must be used based
on the tone and purpose.
5. It is advisable to read the bullet points first and mark out the key words
for reference then procced onto the reading task and mark out the
sentences for each bullet point and write paragraphs (body) of equal
length.
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6. Adopt the style/voice and temperament of the character. Develop the

bullet points in a way that represents the real character itself, also
analyze and evaluate the points marked from the text.
Example:- “This place was absurdly narrow and dizzyingly tall. The
shelves went all the way up, fading smoothly into the shadows as if they
might just go on forever. Shelves were packed so close together it felt like
I was standing at the border of a forest – an old Transylvanian Forest, full
of wolves, witches and dagger-wielding bandits”
ANS) The labelled words point how the narrator actually is and it
seems to be a little dramatic as she sees the depth in mundane things
and portrays them in a way more mystical and imaginative form so this
kind of tone should be adopted.
7. There are 3 things that need to be decided upon and identified before
attempting to write as the mentioned character, they are:-
i. Audience:- The person for which the writing task is intended
Example:- parents, friends, colleagues, customer, etc.
ii. Tone/ Register:- This is the attitude of the writer or the way of
delivering a viewpoint based on the audience, role/personality of the
character and purpose. The tone can be deduced from the instructions
of the writing task and the passage. The vocabulary, sentence
structure, stylistics devices affect the tone. Example:- solemn, critical,
humorous, sarcastic, etc.
iii. Purpose:- the reason for writing it. Example:- are you trying to
persuade, argue, prepare, inform, or describe, etc. It is also called the
aim of the writing task and the way you deliver it is called tone.
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Types of directed writing

Journal writing:-
1. Written in 1st person
2. Date is written on the left-hand side in the format i.e. 11th June 2021.
3. A variety of different literary techniques as well as sentence structures
should be used to represent the character with accuracy.
4. The tone should be chatty and should be representative of the
characters very own insight of an experience.
5. A variety of different fillers must be used to add character and make
the writing seem natural. Example:- to be honest, well, anyway,
basically, I mean, actually, possibly, you see, honestly, what I am
trying to say.
Example:- [QP 11/O/N/2020] a brief example of the entry. This was written
for first bullet.

17th June 2021.

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Ohh! My knees still throbbed with pain, yet it was worth the onerous expedition. A group of
adventurers and I had dared to venture out into the wilderness to discover the lost mining city
that stood upon the rough and sharp terrain of mighty mountains; I had most possibly never seen
anything like them before. To be honest, we only reached our destination until we toiled through
green foliage, pools of dirt-filled water and finally, intermittent patches of greenery. Nevertheless,
as we closed in, the damp mountains gleamed as strongly as the purest of diamonds because of
rain, sunset, and the intense color of the mountain rocks. This view was made even more scenic
due to a rainbow that emerged from the mountain top. What a view it was! The next day we tried
to climb the ginormous cliffs that seemed to cast a dull black shadow on my hopes of reaching the
summit.
Newspaper report:-
1. The report should begin with an unforgettable title and the first paragraph should give
brief information about the story and must answer the 5 W which are:- who is it about?
what is it about? where did it happen? when did it happen? and why did it happen? The 3
paragraphs relating to the 3 bullet points should be broken down into smaller paragraphs
as newspaper reports are written in short paragraphs.
2. As this is a newspaper report it should be formal in writing and any description provided
should be written as reported speech and should not lack objectivity.
3. Written in third person and past tense. Names of people can be used along with
quotations of whatever they have described in text c
4. Both in direct and reported speech must be used along with embedded clause
5. The key points from the comprehension can be explained in your own words along and a
few assumptions can be made regarding them.
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Example:- [QP 21/M/J/2015]

ANS) Foodfrieght the behemoth outlaw company.

Yesterday the local community met together to debate a proposal which has implications for all of us and
this is regarding the preservation of local wildlife vs the foodfreight company that wishes to the develop
a money-minting depot, under the pretext of being the ultimate saviors of the village.
The village dwellers were rather concerned as well as eager to know about the fate and the prospect of
building a commercial depot on their land. Moreover, as the meeting continued the conditions became
volatile and heated up with a minority of the audience taking off their external outfits and wiping the
tension off of their overwhelmed faces. Nevertheless, during the break the crowd indulged in delicious
snacks and examined the building models through curiosity.
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The meeting ended with the crowd cheering Anuja’s statement of how valuable the land is to their
heritage, whereas Carmichael’s threats were greeted with rowdy disagreement which contrasted with
when he spoke about establishing a free-of-cost medical center that resulted in much exhilarated faces.
Furthermore, the outspoken Anuja, blamed foodfreight for suborning their way in and took a defensive
stance against Carmichael’s statement concerning the repulsive and unremunerative state of their land,
although he was out of breath during his speech, he didn’t seem to care less at her remark. Foodfreight’s
spokesperson also made rather dubious promises of better employment prospects that will result in a
booming village. On the other hand, Anuja came to the front to convincingly enlighten the audience on
how cutting the Oak trees will cause a disruption to their lives to which Carmichael spitefully scowled.
Finally, the speculations are that the villagers will go on to honor traditions, but some may still be
hesitant to deny the possibility of a better source of income and healthcare. Nonetheless, Foodfreight
will not back down until they lay claim to the land as Carmichael screamed ‘we will get our way’, so next
time they might be back with a persuasive spokesperson, or a harrowingly unending experience awaits
the village dwellers.

Formal report:-
1. The report begins with a suitable heading followed by an overview of entire
text c which will answer the 5 W and then the subheadings for each bullet
point if you want to.
2. Write in third person if asked to and no exaggerations should be used. Must
be objective in nature with almost no emotive language used. Quotations
should also be used to write others viewpoint.
3. Use of time connectives like (firstly, secondly, lastly, afterwards, later,
earlier, shortly, eventually, last week, yesterday & meanwhile) references to
dates can be used.
Example:- all the 3 bullet points are mentioned in writing [QP 22/O/N/2013]
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ANS) The monstrous sea creature discovery

At the beginning of the expedition, I and my colleague had thrown ourselves off
board into the Pacific Ocean at around eleven in the evening as the boat was
overcome by the massive sea creature that had hurtled towards the propeller and
rendered it useless. After some time, I found my colleague and tried staying afloat by
allowing one of us to swim and while the other simply floated as the other pushed
them. Nevertheless, as time passed by, we were overwhelmed with fatigue and calls
for help were finally answered by the sailor called Ned, who was flung into the Pacific
Ocean by the powerful impact, but he managed to board the sea creature as did we.
The shocking discovery
Furthermore, after we had boarded the creature, for a moment, we sighed in relief
and so we scrutinized the creature out of curiosity because it had an extra ordinarily
flat sheath of skin which was incredibly tough. Through this close-quarter
examination, the most befuddling and mind-blowing discovery was finally unearthed,
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concerning the submarine like sea creature! It was remarkably well made externally
and had managed to deceive scientist for so long. Nevertheless, deserted on this
metal structure, we clambered together to hold onto the support at the back of the
submarine as the vessel picked up speed against the smashing waves.
Imprisoned on board the submarine
Lastly, after that night the submarine gave way to eight mystical men that brutally
rushed us through the doors of the submarine and meet us with the captain.
Anonymity circled the captain which seemed capable of intruding any international
body of waters and utilizing the dangerous technologies on board the ship which was
rather threatening. Besides, the potential of looting ships was imminent. The
invincible submarine, reckless actions, and unascertained motives of damaging our
ship came completely uninvited.

Formal letter writing:-

1. After you read question 3 and the passage decide upon the tone, purpose &
audience because question 3 doesn’t specify whether you should write
formally or informally and no matter whether the tone is happy or angry, it
should be delivered formally and professionally.
2. If the gender or name of the person to whom you are writing is not specified
simply write their occupational title e.g. (professor, teacher, officer, doctor) or
the kind of relation they have with you e.g. (friend, parent, etc.) or Sir/Ma’am
3. The letter must end with yours faithfully/truly/sincerely or thanks and
regards/regards.
4. The letter must have proper opening i.e. (I am writing to inform you that) and a
closing sentence writing expectation/appreciation/ an appeal.
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Example:- [QP/22/O/N/2016]

ANS) Dear Sir/Madam,

I would like to raise some concerns about my recent trip to spot crocodiles in a
New Guinea swamp. Firstly, I am highly disheartened by the condition of the
spindly boat. Unfortunately, my life hung between the balance of extremely low
visibility as it was nighttime, it guaranteed no crocodiles and an unstable boat
which was just enough to land me in the murky water filled with ravenous
crocodiles, three to six meters long. This scene was guaranteed no less than a
nightmare. Additionally, I did not have a life vest and as we were in a deserted
area my forlorn shouts for help would have gone completely unnoticed and on
top of that, so even if crocodiles would not have devoured me, drowning was the
second-best speculation.
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Informal letter writing
1. The letter should begin with dear and whoever should be mentioned
(friend, parents, cousin, or a name)
2. The closing phrases should be yours lovingly or take care followed by
your name.
Example:- [QP 22/O/N/2018] a small sample for informal letter

ANS) Dear friend,

Thomas’s birthday party will be in my memory for a long time because a few
unprecedented things happened during the magic show by Mr. Pengelly. To begin with, a
trick was performed called the ‘miser’s dream’ in which he had to make coins appear from
out of nowhere but failed to do so as his hands motioned at an alarmingly slow pace for the
trick to be successful. Furthermore, during his ‘sucker trick’, he dubiously portrayed to have
lost a colorful ball in a two-level box, but the kids were not fooled by this act and instantly
knew where it had disappeared in the first place. Finally, to cheer things up, he tried the
‘audience engaging act’ where he made my son participate by giving him a stiff wand which
then faltered at his touch, but it was supposed to stiffen again when Mr. Pengelly took hold
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of it. Disastrously, it was not the case. Thomas tried to behave during the rather
unimpressive magic tricks, but he soon enough complained to leave.
Magazine article writing:-

1. Types of stylistic devices used are:- Alliteration is used to get the reader’s
interest and present the headline of the article. The rhetorical question in the
opening paragraph encourages the reader to challenge the topic.
The subheadings direct the reader through the text which draws the reader’s
attention. Also, use of hyperbole, and colloquial sayings is to produce a lively
and interesting article.
2. Magazine articles are similar to formal report, but they are much more informal
in tone. They also use colloquial words and anecdotes.
3. Write suitable heading, subheadings for each paragraph, beginning, body and
end.
4. The tense should be a mixture of past, present, and future, depending upon
the event given.
Example:- [QP11/m/j/2020]

ANS) Serene beach turned macabre?

Recently, our small scenic harbor had been turned into a place resonating of
death! The entire shoreline was encompassed and overwhelmed with the
floating cadavers of penguins which were deluged in a viscous black substance.
Unsurprisingly, the not-so-mysterious mass die off were caused by oil spill.
Vacationing? it is!
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Holidaying on the small-scale harbor line which houses à la mode kind of
staycation properties and boats splashed with myriads of color which lazily float
over the gleaming blue sea followed by the bewitching horizon; it is painted
shades of blue, ahh, this quintessential scenery never gets too old for me.
Additionally, this serene spot hosts a variety of watersport activities like jet
skiing or for the laid-back lot, fishing is an option too! Moreover, the exotic
wildlife such as penguins and sprats dominate the water body by displaying
their unbeatable schooling skills to the audience.
 Zoha
Interview writing:-
1. Interview writing is written in the form of a script, so you will write the
title of the person as interviewer or their name followed by colon
without space and then some space, then the dialogue. Ex:-
Interviewer: Today we are….
2. Write brief sentences for the interviewer’s part as this is only written
for the sake of a dialogue. Write each bullet point in a different
manner for the part of the interviewer.
3. There are no headings or subtitles just the names/titles of the people
in the dialogue.
Example: - [QP12/O/N/2020]
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ANS) Interviewer: Maria, a tour guide, who hosts parties of adventures to the
wilderness, is here to tell us why such journeys are enjoyable?
Maria: Well, to begin with, the terrain plays an important role in providing the
thrill-seeking experience as it is secluded and encompasses water bodies like
serene waterfalls, rivers, fords, and landforms like muddy and rugged trails
teaming with lush foliage and littered with rocks, all of which are a sight for the
sore eye for city dwellers. Secondly, the sheer experience of camping out in the
wilderness among exotic animals like Howler monkeys is also exciting. At the
end, I try my best to provide my clients with an all-round experience as our crew
trails by temple of a bygone era. So there goes some history lesson too!
Interviewer: That’s tantalizing! So, what does it take to be a good guide?
Maria: There are a variety of things that come into play. First, it is imperative to
be resourceful, by having the knowledge of a few survival skills like lighting
wood. Also, know your way around a place during the journey, in my case I
always avoid the patch of the jungle packed with crocodiles. Also,
communication and a tad of humor is what makes you cordial and inviting too.
Last but not the least, stamina should be on you high-priority list as I cover
distances close to a mile per day.
Interviewer: That goes without saying! Lastly, how should expeditioners
prepare for the journey?
Maria: I always advise to pack only the most crucial things like electrolytes as
you never know when exhaustion gets to you, plus physical fitness adds to the
list of priorities as there are an assemblage of terrains to trek through and to
avoid those nasty leg cramps! Furthermore, do not carry excess food supplies as
it will be provided. To keep a broad mind is fundamental in trekking through
places where you cannot be selective, and it is good to be at one with nature.
Interviewer: That was very enlightening, it was great to have you on our show!
 Zoha

Speech writing:-
1. The usual number of paragraphs will be written along with a suitable
beginning and end.
I. Beginning:- today we are here to…or imagine/what if or a rhetorical Q.
II. End:- a quote or metaphorical phrases or rhetorical Q or repetition of a
catchy phrase from beginning or a thank you.
2. Address the audience with ‘you’ or address them as a group 'trainees,
colleagues,’ etc.
3. Use present tenses
4. Use anecdote and rhetorical questions with a variety of different stylistic
choices
Example:- [QP13/m/j/2020]
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ANS) My company, General Dexterity aims to diminish the toil taken by humans
involved in large scale and monotonous industrial activities that are rather, well
suited for robust machines. A thunderbolt, my company logo, dons the state-of-the-
art robot arms that encompass the entire span of my underground base, which was
formerly a car park, this initiative aims to promote environmental awareness.
Nevertheless, besides from mass producing robots, me and my team of computer
programmers strive round-the-clock in our high-tech offices emanating with optic
fibers, all to enhance the software powering the machines.