CRITICAL READING

Interpreting Connotations of Words

DENOTATIONS AND
TONE AND MOOD
CONNOTATIONS
By Group 2 :
Mohamad Dzikri Prakoso
1 201912500217

Yusfi Annisa Sevianingrum

2 201912500027

Dahrinnisa
3 201912500166

Sutriasih
4 201912500144

Nur Rahma Agustina Pratiwi

5 201912500081
What is Denotation and Connotation?
Denotation Conotation
• Denotation refers to the • Connotation refers to the
primary, literal meaning personal and cultural
or the dictionary meaning meanings in addition to
of word. their primary, literal
• Denotation is not thus meaning of a word.
classified. • Connotation can be
• Denotation remains the classified as positive and
same regardless of negative.
culture and personal • Connotation can charge
experiences. according to culture and
personal experiences.
What is the difference?
Connotation and denotation do not refer to words or sentences
themselves, but to the meaning you describe to them.

Denotation
Meaning is direct meaning such as
is found in a dictionary.
Connotation
Meaning or a connotion is the
meaning nuanced by usage with
cultural, emotional and other
shadings.

When you look up a word in the dictionary, you will find its literal denotative
meaning. However, the emotions and associations connected to a word is
known as its connotative meaning. Depending on our experiences, certain
words have a positive, negative, or neutral connotation.
 Denotation
Word Denotation Connotation
Ball of light/gas
A star A wish
in the sky
Four legged Friend,
A dog
E mammal proctector, pet

X A building for
Warm, friendly,
House human
A habitation
comforting
M
P
L
E To breathe with a
Loud, abrasive,
rough hoarse
S Snore
noise while
irritating,
unnerving
sleeping
 Connotation
Types and Function of Connotation

Positive Connotation
Positive Connotation is words that
make people feel good.
Neutral Connotation
Neutral Connotation means not
good or bad; indifferent; used when
the author doesn’t want to show
strong emotions either way

Negative Connotation
Function of Connotations
Negative Connotation is words that
provoke a negative emotional 1. To make a persuasive
response and convincing writing.
Types of
2. To make the author’s
Connotation ideas acceptable and
believeable.
3. To influence the reader’s
thinking.
 Connotation
Examples Types of Connotations

Positive Neutral Negative

Sally was an enthusiastic Sally was an active Sally was an active

member her sorority member of her sorority member of her sorority

That’s a glamorous. That’ a gaudy. That’s a nice necklace.

Alex is a little one. Alex is a brat. Alex is a child.

 Tone and Mood
Tone Mood
• Tone is the attitude of • Mood is the atmosphere
the author towards a or the emotional setting
subject. created by a piece of
literary work.
• Tone is mainly created
by diction detail. • Mood is created by
setting, imagery, diction.

Words to describe tone: Cautious, Words to describe mood: Light-hearted,

Humorous, Affectionate, Hostile, Playful, Tender, Warm, Hopeful,
Critical, Objective, Personal, Violent, Peaceful, Joyous, Gloomy, Violent, Cold,
Sarcastic, Enthusiastic, Desperate. Painful, Lonely, Pessimistic, Welcoming
Examples of Tone and Mood
Tone Mood

He was very cautious about I am hopeful that she will come

committing himself to anything. tomorrow.

He was quite humorous, and I He couldn’t get to sleep because

liked that about him. he was too excited.

The prisoners who escaped are Small children are often very 
violent and dangerous. trustful.

She got what she wanted by dint He had three pretty, vivacious

of pleading and threatening. daughters.
Thank you