Q1: Explain the functioning of Technology in context to its technical and functional

parameters.

The digitalization has massively improved the supply chain management throughout the
world. Functioning of the technology in context to its technical and functional
parameters is delineated below:

Machine Learning
Machine learning is the technology which enables the computer’s ability to learn without
writing overtly programs. With the help of Machine Learning we can make the
computers programs to teach themselves to evolve whenever they are exposed to new
sets of instructions. These technologies make the learning in the supply chain
inevitable.

Blockchain Based Food Supply

Blockchain is well-thought-out to be the most effective technological evolution to
suppress the food fraud. This interlinks the following stakeholders directly to each other:
 Farmers
 Logistician
 Manufacturers
 Government
 Retailers
 Consumers
Thus, the implication of blockchain in the supply chain of the food industry adds up an
extra layer of security.

Q2: Explain how the technology has changed the Supply Chain processes, leading to
better performance, lower Costs, and reduced Cycle Time.

Technology has changed the complete structure of the supply chain process which has
led to better performance, lower cost and reduced cycle time. With the digitalization of
communication system, the connectivity between consumers and businesses has
evolved. Consequently, it reduced the cycle time with better performance. Technology
has enhanced the warehouse and transport systems which has consequently improved
the labor management, improved stock resources and better warehouse management.
This digitalization has made the supply chain visible including potential errors, risks and
opportunities. This ultimately leads to the lower costs and improved supply chain
efficiency with ability to complete the process quicker.

Integrated operations processes minimize the risk factors involved which leads to
increase performance. These risks mostly involved the man-made manual mistakes
which occur due to the manual procedure. Optimization is also playing an important role
in achieving the better performance, saving cost and reduced cycle time. Optimization is
enhanced using Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning. It helps in tightening the
data security, predictive modeling, improved management of Key Performance Indicator
(KPI), Automating Warehouse Management and improved customer service.
Technologies like IoT (Internet of Things) and Advance Supply Chain Management
Software also play an important role in the same as improved working environment,
streamlined inventory, enhanced warehouse management which ultimately result in
better performance and reduced cycle time.

Q3: Critically Analyze the implementation of the Technology in context to changes in

Organization structure, with use case examples.

Even though the information technology has revolutionized many functions and
processes throughout the business industry but with all this evolution it has also
required some changes in the organization structure. Now the question is; How is it
possible that implementation of Technology can change the organization structure? The
fact behind this is that this technological implementation along with other changes in the
traditional IT system also changes the communication channels, mechanism related to
decision making and controls etc. Consequently, this implementation has started to take
over the role of middle management in the business structure which considered as a
key support to the decisions of the senior management. On the other hand, we cannot
over look the fact that this implementation also provides the senior management with
accurate and more reliable information and more accurate information about the things
going on to the lower-level managers This implementation also has the ability to
determine whether an organization has mechanical structure or organic structure.

In this era of digitalization organizations are benefitting more from the use of technology
in their operational activities and processes which has ultimately led to a great change
in the organizational structure as a whole. There are three categories defined which
delineate the change in the structure. These three categories are considered as the
main components of any organization’s structure.

 Differentiation
 Standardization
 Centralization