3.

How Semantic Web Works

The World Wide Web is an interesting paradox -- it's made with computers but for people. The
sites you visit every day use natural language, images and page layout to present information in a
way that's easy for you to understand. Even though they are central to creating and maintaining
the Web, the computers themselves really can't make sense of all this information. They can't
read, see relationships or make decisions like you can.

The Semantic Web proposes to help computers "read" and use the Web. The big idea is pretty
simple -- metadata added to Web pages can make the existing World Wide Web machine
readable. This won't bestow artificial intelligence or make computers self-aware, but it will give
machines tools to find, exchange and, to a limited extent, interpret information. It's an extension
of, not a replacement for, the World Wide Web.

That probably sounds a little abstract, and it is. While some sites are already using Semantic Web
concepts, a lot of the necessary tools are still in development. In this article, we'll bring the
concepts and tools behind the Semantic Web down to earth by applying them to a galaxy far, far
away.

4. Protocols of semantic web

 Resource Description Framework (RDF), a general method for describing

information
 RDF Schema (RDFS)
 Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS)
 SPARQL, an RDF query language
 Notation3 (N3), designed with human-readability in mind
 N-Triples, a format for storing and transmitting data
 Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language)
 Web Ontology Language (OWL), a family of knowledge representation languages
 Rule Interchange Format (RIF), a framework of web rule language dialects
supporting rule interchange on the Web
 5. Advantages:

 Easy to implement, understand and use. There are many practical and scalable
implementations available. Some of them are mahout (java), gensim (python),
spicy (svd python). The mahout implementation can train on big datasets,
provided you have computational resources. For medium size data, even mat
lab/octave would do.

Performance: LSA is capable of assuring decent results, much better than plain vector space model. It
works well on dataset with diverse topics.
Synonymy: LSA can handle Synonymy problems to some extent (depends on dataset though)