Thermal Practical paper

Marks-25
All questions are compulsory
Submit by 5:00 pm to mail id: narenderk@svc.ac.in / manojgiri@svc.ac.in
Note:
1: Attempt any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
2: Write your name and roll no on the first page of answer sheet. Save answer sheet (PDF
file) as your roll no.

Q1) An ideal gas is contained in a large jar of volume V0 . Fitted to the jar is a glass tube of cross-
sectional area A in which a metal ball of mass M fits snugly. The equilibrium pressure in the jar
is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure po because of the weight of the ball. If the ball is
displaced slightly from equilibrium it will execute simple harmonic motion (neglecting friction).
If the states of the gas represent a quasistatic adiabatic process and  is the ratio of specific heats,
find a relation between the oscillation frequency f and the variables of the problem.

Q2) Consider a black sphere of radius ‘R’ at temperature T which radiates to distant black
surroundings at T = O K.

(a) Surround the sphere with a nearby heat shield in the form of a black shell whose
temperature is determined by radiative equilibrium. What is the temperature of the shell
and what is the effect of the shell on the total power radiated to the surroundings?
(b) How is the total power radiated affected by additional heat shields?
(Note that this is a crude model of a star surrounded by a dust cloud.)

Q3) A uniform non-metallic annular cylinder of inner radius r1 , outer radius r2, length l0 is
maintained with its inner surface at 100°C and its outer surface at 0°C as shown in Fig (1).

(a) What is the temperature distribution inside?

(b) If it is then placed in a thermally insulated chamber of negligible heat capacity and allowed to
come to temperature equilibrium, will its entropy increase, decrease or remain the same? Justify
your answer.
 Fig (1)

Q4) Describe briefly the basic principle of the following instruments for making temperature
measurements and state in one sentence the special usefulness of each instrument: constant-
volume gas thermometer, thermocouple, thermistor.

Q5) Put letters from a to h on your answer sheet. After each put a T or an F to denote whether
the correspondingly numbered statement which follows is true or false.
(a) The liquid phase can exist at absolute zero.
(b) The solid phase can exist at temperatures above the critical tem-
(c) Oxygen boils at a higher temperature than nitrogen.
(d) The maximum inversion temperature of He is less than 20 K.
(e)  of a gas is always greater than one.
(f) A compressor will get hotter when compressing a diatomic gas than when compressing a

monatomic gas at the same rate.

(g) The coefficient of performance of a refrigerator can be greater than one.
(h)A slightly roughened ball is thrown from north to south. As one looks down from above,

the ball is seen to be spinning counterclockwise. The ball is seen to curve toward east.

Q6) Two parallel plates in vacuum, separated by a distance which is small compared with their
linear dimensions, are at temperatures TI and T2 respectively (TI > T2).

(a) If the plates are non-transparent to radiation and have emission powers el and e2
respectively, show that the net energy W transferred per unit area per second is
where El and E2 are the emission powers of black bodies at temperatures T1 and T2 respectively.

(b) Hence, what is W if TI is 300 K and T2 is 4.2 K, and the plates are black bodies?

(c) What will W be if n identical black body plates are interspersed between the two plates in
(b) ? (  = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2K4).