English

Quarter 2 – Module 6:
Using Analogies
English – Grade 7
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Using Analogies

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer:
Belinda T. Nellasca – Calabanga National High School
Editors:
1. Edna F. Aladano – Gov. Mariano E. Villafuerte High School
2. Judith B. Sabio – West Coast High School
Reviewer:
Preciosa R. Dela Vega, EPS - English, SDO Camarines Sur

Illustrators and Layout Artists:

1. Edmark M. Pado – Cabugao Elementary School

2. Mary Jane S. San Agustin – Fundado Elementary School
 Lesson
Using Analogies
6
In the previous lesson during the first quarter, you have learned that analogy
is a literary tool used in comparing two different things in order to highlight some
point of similarity. Such comparison is used to determine the relationship between
different set of things. You have also been introduced with the functions of analogy
which help you in understanding the relationship of a concept to another idea, or of a
pair of words to another pair.

Analogy is such an important skill for you to master. Many standardized tests
use analogies to check for vocabulary mastery and general knowledge. In writing
and speaking, using analogy aid in clarifying and explaining complicated ideas. In
addition, through analogy, the reader or listener is able to visualize, hence, able to
clearly understand the concepts being presented.

Included here are activities to help you use analogies in describing and
explaining complicated ideas.

Learning Targets

This module will help you:

 describe and explain concepts using analogy;
 use analogy in writing and speaking; and
 appreciate the use of analogy.

Vocabulary List

The following key words will help you prepare with this lesson:
Literary Device refers to the structures used by writers in their works
to convey messages in a simple manner to the readers.

Analogy is a literary device comparing two things, typically for the

purpose of explanation or clarification.

Simile is a figure of speech comparing two unlike items using like or

as.
Metaphor is a figure of speech comparing two unlike items without
using as or like.

1
 Warming Up
Before you begin the lesson, go over this task first.
Anticipation-Reaction Guide. Read the statements in the table and put a  on
the next column if you think the statement is true and X if it false. Write your
answers on a separate of paper.

Statements Response (or X )

1. Analogy is a form of comparison.
2. You do not come across analogy in everyday speech.
3. It is used to explain complicated concepts.
4. It has no similarities with simile and metaphor.
5. It is used in speaking and writing.

Learning About It

You probably aren’t aware that analogies occur frequently in everyday

speech; hence, they are important part of language. Understanding analogies
does not only improve your writing and speaking skills, but also your logical and
reasoning skills.

Analogy is a literary tool used in comparing two different things in order to

highlight some point of similarity. On the part of the audience (reader and listener), a
complicated concept becomes easier and clearer to comprehend with the use of this
comparison tool.

You have to remember that the main features of analogy are:

 a comparison between two unlike things
 show relationship between two words
 extended and often situational
 a way to explain a complex subject in familiar or simpler terms

Analogy can be used to:

 explain a process
 define a concept
 narrate event
 describe a person or place
 explain a complex subjects
 link an unfamiliar idea with common object
 catch the attention of the readers or listeners
Source: Writing Explained (2020). Why use analogies?
https://writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/analogy

2
 Sample Expressions Often Used in Making Analogies

About the size of a

As big as Mean (s)
Are almost like
Is the same as Seem (s)
Are similar to

Since making comparisons is so useful in both speaking and writing, analogy

is therefore a literary device to use. However, an analogy is more of a logical
argument than a simple literary device. You may have noticed that some common
analogies are built around similes and metaphor.

To show you the similarities and differences of the three, take a closer look at
the Venn diagram below:

Source: Bing images. Analogy image.

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=analogy+image&FORM=HDRSC2

Examples of Analogy

The following is a list of some common analogies and the corresponding

explanation of their meaning.

1. Life is a race.
The one who keeps running wins the race, and the one who stops loses.

3
 2. The pen is mightier than a sword.
Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer.

3. He is like a rock.
Means he is steadfast and strong.

4. I feel like a fish out of water.

This implies that you are not comfortable with your surrounding.
Source: Literarydevices.net . Analogy. https://literarydevices.net/analogy/

How to Write an Analogy

Example 1
Normal Sentence: He ran incredibly fast in the race.
With Analogy: In the race, he ran with the grace and speed of a cheetah—
smooth, flawless, and natural, as if he had been raised running
across the plains of Africa.
Example 2
Normal Sentence: Those two are very close.
With Analogy: Those two unlikely friends are surprisingly close, like a shark
and its cleaner fish—though they have different qualities and
purposes, it is clear that neither could survive without the
other.
Source: When & How to Write Analogy.
Retrieved from https://literaryterms.net/when-and-how-to-write-an-analogy/.
Retrieved June 5, 2020. Literary Terms.

Keeping You in Practice

Are you ready to learn more about analogies? Go over each practice test to
learn more skills in using analogy.

Practice Task 1. Analogy Gaps

Directions: Complete each analogy by providing the correct word. Then be able to
identify the relationship of the words in each analogy. Write your answers on a
separate of paper.

1. Relaxation is to vacation as stress is to ____________________________.

2. Heat is to summer as cold is to __________________________________.
3. Crying is to pain as laughing is to ________________________________.

4
 4. Baking is to cookies as boiling is to _______________________________.
5. Hunger is to food as thirst is to __________________________________.
6. Walking is to exercise as sleep is to ______________________________.
7. Alone is to isolation as crowd is to _______________________________.
8. Ride is to elevator as stairs are to _______________________________.
9. Blanket is to soft as floor is to __________________________________.
10. Dog is to pet as lion is to _____________________________________.
11. Carnivores are to meat as herbivores are to ______________________.
12. Mail is to mailbox as email is to ________________________________.
13. Forget is to remember as pause is to ____________________________.
14. Fast forward is to rewind as play is to ___________________________ .
15. Push is to button as pull is to __________________________________.
Adapted with revision from:
Source: Trailhead. Creating Analogies.
https://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/analogies/ana5.html
Teach-nology

Practice Task 2. Explaining Analogies

Directions: Choose the word that best completes each analogy. Explain how you
choose your answer. Write your answers on a separate of paper.

Example: Brush is to paint as pen is to write.

Explanation: You use a brush to paint and you use a pen to write.

1. Stripes is to zebra as giraffe is to _______________.

runs stripes fur spots
Explain: ____________________________________________________
2. Red is to stop as green is to _______________.
go remember forget caution
Explain: ____________________________________________________
3. Plenty is to enough as shortage is to _______________.
too much scarcity lost hunger
Explain: ____________________________________________________
4. Present is to here as late is to _______________.
absent punctual tardy overslept
Explain: ____________________________________________________
5. Bats are to caves as humans are to _______________.
stores forests beds houses
Explain: ____________________________________________________
Source: Trailhead. Explaining Analogies.
https://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/analogies/ana5.html.Teach-nology.

5
Practice Task 3. Family & Acquaintance Analogies

In this activity, you will make analogies for your friends and family. The goal is
for you to create analogies to describe every member of your family and a few
acquaintances. On a separate of paper, write your analogies in complete
sentences.

Example: My mother has a big heart. She shares whatever she has with her
friends, relatives and neighbors.

1. Best friend/s 6. Teacher

2. Father 7. Crush
3. Grandfather/grandmother 8. Seatmate
4. Sister/brother 9. Playmate/s
5. Classmates 10. Neighbor

Additional Task

Personal Analogy
On a separate of paper, write 10 Things to describe yourself using
analogy.

Cooling Down

Analogy Sampler. On a separate of paper, complete the following statements by

describing the situation using an object or another situation.

Example: Facing a difficult problem is sailing through a long and wild storm.

1. Going out of bed early in the morning is ___________________________.

2. Taking a difficult test is ______________________________.
3. Reading a good book is ______________________________.
4. Making new friends is _____________________________.
5. Eating your favorite food is _____________________________.
6. Going to an unfamiliar place_______________________________.
7. Being in high school for the first time is _________________________.
8. Learning a new skill is ___________________________.
9. Achieving success is __________________________.
10. Being with a crush is __________________________.

6
 Learning Challenge

Image Analogies

This task will require you to create your own analogies from images. Cut and
paste five pictures on bond paper/s, then be able to write analogy in sentence form.
Write your answers on a separate of paper.

Analogy Hunt

Take down 10 samples of analogies from everyday conversation with your

family and friends. You may also include analogies that you read from books,
newspaper, FB newsfeeds or watched and listened to from TV programs,
advertisements, songs or videos. Write your answers on a separate of paper.

Points to Ponder

Analogy is part of our everyday language and is therefore used in oral

and written communication. As such, analogy can be used in:

 describing a person or place

 explaining a complex subject
 linking an unfamiliar idea with common object
 catching the attention of the readers or listeners

Although analogy has similarities with simile and metaphor, analogy

does not only compare concepts but more so elaborates through logical reasoning
using description and persuasion.

7
 Answer Key

WARMING UP. Analogy Sampler.

Statements Response ( or X )
1. Analogy is a form of comparison. 
2. You do not come across analogy in everyday speech. X
3. It is used to explain complicated concepts. 
4. It has no similarities with simile and metaphor. 
5. It is used in speaking and writing. 

VI. KEEPING YOU IN PRACTICE

Practice Task 1. Analogy Gaps

1. Relaxation is to vacation as stress is to WORK.

2. Heat is to summer as cold is to WINTER.
3. Crying is to pain as laughing is to HAPPINESS.
4. Baking is to cookies as boiling is to WATER.
5. Hunger is to food as thirst is to BEVERAGE.
6. Walking is to exercise as sleep is to REST.
7. Alone is to isolation as crowd is to OVERWHELMED.
8. Ride is to elevator as stairs are to CLIMB.
9. Blanket is to soft as floor is to HARD.
10. Dog is to pet as lion is to WILD.
11. Carnivores are to meat as herbivores are to PLANTS.
12. Mail is to mailbox as email is to COMPUTER/INBOX.
13. Forget is to remember as pause is to RESUME.
14. Fast forward is to rewind as play is to STOP.
15. Push is to button as pull is to STRING.

Practice Task 2. Explaining Analogies

1. Spots (Zebras have stripes and giraffes have spots.)

2. Go (Red means to stop and green means go.)
3. Scarcity (If there is plenty of something there is enough, but a shortage means
there is a scarcity.)
4. Tardy (Present means you are here, while tardy means you are late.)
5. Houses (Bats live in caves and humans live in houses.)

8
Practice Task 3. Family & Acquaintance Analogies
Answers may vary

Additional Task. Personal Analogy

Answers may vary

VII. COOLING DOWN

Answers may vary

VIII. LEARNING CHALLENGES

Image Analogies
Answer may vary

Analogy Hunt
Answer may vary

9
References

Analogy image. Retrieved from

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=analogy+image&FORM=HDRSC2
Bing images.

Literarydevices.net . Analogy. Retrieved from https://literarydevices.net/analogy/

Nordquist, Richard. "30 Writing Topics: Analogy." ThoughtCo, Feb. 11, 2020.
Retrived from https://www.thoughtco.com/analogy-writing-topics-1692445.
Retrieved June 4, 2020.

Read Theory. Analogies worksheets. Retrieved from

https://www.englishforeveryone.org/Topics/Analogies.htmlEnglishForEveryon
e.org. EnglishForEveryone.org.

Tilt, F. & Tilt, L. (2013). Using an analogy to make a point. Retrieved from
http://storiesthatchange.com/using-an-analogy-to-make-your-point-a-great-
example-from-full-tilt-consultings-lisa-tilt/. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Stories
That Change.

Trailhead. Creating Analogies. Retrieved from

https://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/analogies/ana5.html
Teach-nology.

Trailhead. Explaining Analogies. Retrieved from

https://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/analogies/ana5.html.
Teach-nology.

When & How to Write Analogy. Retrieved from https://literaryterms.net/when-and-

how-to-write-an-analogy/. Retrieved June 5, 2020. Literary Terms

Writing Explained (2020). Why use analogies? Retrieved from

https://writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/analogy

10