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English
Quarter 2 : Module 2
Understanding Unchanging
Values in VUCA World

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Analyze literature as a means of understanding unchanging values in the VUCA

(volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous) world.

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EXPECTATIONS
This module tries to walk you through analyzing literature as a means of
understanding unchanging values in the VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and
Ambiguous) world.

After studying this module, you are expected to:

 identify the literary devices used in the text;
 share opinion about the song listened to;
 analyze the speech as a means of looking closely at situations the country is
facing at present; and
 organize information in various ways (outlining, graphic organizer, etc.).

PRE-TEST
Directions: Read the speech of US President Abraham Lincoln. Then,
answer the questions that follow. Choose the letter of your answer.

Gettysburg Address
By Abraham Lincoln
1
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on
this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to
the proposition that all men are created equal.
2
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that
nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
3
We are met on a great battle-field of that war. 4We have come to
dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who
here gave their lives that nation might live. 5It is altogether fitting and
proper that we should do this.
6
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate -- we cannot
consecrate -- we cannot hallow -- this ground. 7The brave men, living
and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our
poor power to add or detract. 8The world will little note, nor long
remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here. 9It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the
unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly
advanced. 10It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task
remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take
increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full
measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead
shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a
new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the
people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Source: “W.F. Hooley Reads Lincoln's Gettysburg Address (1898).” The Public Domain Review,
publicdomainreview.org/collection/w-f-hooley-reads-linvoln-s-gettysburg-address-1898.

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1. To what composition does Abraham Lincoln refer in the beginning sentence of
his famous speech, Gettysburg Address?
A. Constitution of the Confederate States of America
B. The Articles of Confederation
C. The Declaration of Independence
D. The United States Constitution (E) Emancipation Proclamation

2. What was the speaker’s main purpose in delivering the speech?

A. to draw attention from the predicament of those constrained into long-lasting
work and poverty
B. to encourage black people to persevere, to deepen and extend their
contributions to American life and culture until those contributions are
impossible to ignore
C. to impart wisdom about how to live up to the ideals of manhood
D. to speak about freedom and equality
3. Anaphora is a rhetorical term when a writer or speaker repeats the same
beginning of a sentence several times. In which of the following lines did Lincoln
include an anaphora?
A. sentence 1 C. sentence 3
B. sentence 6 D. sentence 8
4. Which of the following statements shows an example of parallelism?
A. statement 2 C. statement 3
B. statement 5 D. statement 8
5. What American value is represented in the speech?
A. All are created equally regardless of birth color, religious belief, sexual
orientation or wealth.
B. It is about the value of optimism and of facing tough times with the same
tenacity with which you face good times.
C. It speaks on the value of simple, hard work and how one does not need to
imbue it with a special meaning for it to have value.
D. The speech embodies perseverance and deepened or extended contributions
to American life and culture until those contributions are impossible to ignore.

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 Activity 1. Read and Analyze Your Text!

Read the speech excerpt below and answer the questions that follow.
I Have a Dream (Excerpt)
Martin Luther King Jr.

I say to you today, my friends, even though we face the difficulties of today and
tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I
have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its
creed, “We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal.” I have a
dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of
former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have
a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of
injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of
freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a
nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their
character.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day down in Alabama—with its vicious racists, with its
Governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification—one
day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with
little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and
mountain shall be made low. The rough places will be plain and the crooked places will
be made straight, “and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it
together.”
This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith
we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we
will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of
brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle
together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be
free one day. And this will be the day. This will be the day when all of God’s children will
be able to sing with new meaning, “My country ’tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I
sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrims’ pride, from every mountainside,
let freedom ring.” And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.
So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire, let freedom
ring from the mighty mountains of New York; let freedom ring from the heightening
Alleghenies of Pennsylvania; let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of
Colorado; let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that.
Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia; let freedom ring from Lookout
Mountain of Tennessee; let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.
“From every mountainside, let freedom ring.”
And when this happens, and when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring
from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to
speed up that day when all of God’s children—black men and white men, Jews and
Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics—will be able to join hands and sing in the words of
the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last. Free at last. Thank God Almighty, we are free at
last.”

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 Source: “I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King Jr.” McDougal Littell Inc.,
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=b3N3ZWdvMzA4Lm9yZ3xtci1nYWx1aG4tcy11LXMtaGlzdG9ye
S1jbGFzczJ8Z3g6MmM2NzFiZTg3Y2Y3NmVhYQ.

Discussion Questions:

1. What does Martin Luther King Jr. mean when he said, “I have a dream that one
day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed, ‘We hold
these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal.’ ”?

2. How did he want his four children to be judged by others?

3. Why was he asking for a change?
4. What criticisms did he tell about America?
5. From your perspective, has King’s dream been fulfilled? Explain.
6. How did the King’s speech influence the way the Americans view the world?
7. Have you been discriminated because of your physical attributes like your skin
color? What have you done?
8. What unchanging values of African Americans are reflected from the speech?
9. When can you say that someone enjoys freedom?
10. In your opinion, to what extent can freedom be enjoyed by the citizens of a
country?

Activity 1.2 Take It Literary!

A. In his famous speech, “I Have a Dream”, Martin Luther King Jr. used variety of
literary and rhetorical devices. Here are some of the examples:

Anaphora is the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a series of clauses

or sentences. It’s often seen in poetry and speeches, intended to provoke an
emotional response in its audience.
Examples: 1. O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me in thy hot
displeasure. Have mercy upon me, O Lord; for I am weak: O Lord, heal me; for my
bones are vexed. My soul is also sore vexed: but thou, O Lord, how long?
2. My life is my purpose. My life is my goal. My life is my inspiration.”

Parallelism is the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same;
or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter.
Examples: 1. Like father, like son
2. Flying is fast, comfortable and safe

Metaphor is a figure of speech which makes an implicit, implied or hidden

comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common
characteristics.
Examples: 1. My brother was boiling mad.
2. The assignment was a breeze.

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Allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical,
cultural, literary or political significance
Examples: 1. Don’t act like a Romeo in front of her.
2. Hey! Guess who the new Newton of our school is?”

B. Scan the speech once again and find the following literary devices in the text.

LITERARY DEVICES EXAMPLES STATED IN THE TEXT

Anaphora
Parallelism
Metaphor
Allusion

REMEMBER

 Opinion is a belief, judgement, or way of thinking about something: what

someone thinks about a particular thing. (Source: Merriam Webster)
 Also, we defined volatility as the tendency to change quickly; uncertainty as
hesitancy or doubt; complexity as the state or quality of being intricate or
complicated; and ambiguity as the quality of being open to more than one
interpretation; in exactness. (Source: https://www.dictionary.com)
 Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Christian minister and activist who
became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement
from 1955 until his assassination in 1968. (Source: Martin Luther King Jr. Wikipedia)
 I Have a Dream is a famous speech which King delivered at the Lincoln
Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1963 during the March on
Washington for Jobs and Freedom.
 Literary devices are various elements and techniques used in writing that
construct the whole of your literature to create an intended perception of the
writing for the reader such as anaphora, metaphor, parallelism, allusion, and
etc.
(Source: Literary Devices: 15 Literary Elements With Examples & Tips to Use Them. Self Publishing

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Write a five-sentence paragraph that you may connect to volatile,

uncertain, complex, ambiguous issues that we are now facing. How do they
affect you as a student?

WRITING ESSAY RUBRICS

POINTS INDICATORS
2 The content is relevant, well-explained and directly answer the
questions.
2 The thoughts and idea are well-organized and coherent

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 1 Technical terminologies and punctuation marks are properly and
correctly used.
5 Total
Source: https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=3296776600352966&set=bc.

THINK AND REFLECT!

In this task, you are expected to reflect and write the valuable insights that you
gained from the different activities in this lesson.

Follow these steps:

1. Think of an object that would best represent the things you have learned from this
module.
2. Draw the object inside the box and give at least three reasons for choosing it.

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WRITING REFLECTION RUBRICS

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 POST-TEST
Directions: Read the poem I, Too by Langston Hughes. Then, answer the
questions that follow. Choose the letter of your answer.
I, Too

by Langston Hughes

I, too, sing America.

1 10
When company comes.
11
Nobody'll dare
2
I am the darker brother. 12
Say to me,
3
They send me to eat in the kitchen 13
“Eat in the kitchen,”
4
When company comes, 14
Then.
5
But I laugh,
6
And eat well, 15
Besides,
7
And grow strong. 16
They'll see how beautiful I am
17
And be ashamed—
Tomorrow,
8

I'll be at the table

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I, too, am America.
18

Source: I, Too by Langston Hughes - Poems | Academy of American Poets. Poets.org

1. What kind of social values does the speaker want to emphasize in the poem?
A. honesty and consistency C. equality and freedom
B. respect and responsibility D. commitment and loyalty

2. In which line from the poem does the speaker describe the unjust treatment he
experienced?
A. line 3 C. line 18
B. line 7 D. line 12

3. Which of the following sentences is an example of metaphor?

A. I am the darker brother. C. I'll be at the table
B. I, too sing America D. Eat in the kitchen

4. What kind of struggle is the speaker going through?

A. illness C. racial segregation
B. hunger D. unemployment

5. Which of the following sentences did not make use of any literary devices?
A. They'll see how beautiful I am C. I, Too, Sing America
B. I am the darker brother D. They send me to eat in the kitchen

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 Answer Sheet

Pretest

1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________

Activity 1.1

1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
7. ___________
8. ___________
9. ___________
10. ___________

Activity 1.2

Anaphora –____________________________________
Parallelism –
____________________________________
Metaphor –
____________________________________
Allusion –
____________________________________

Think and Reflect

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Post test

1. ________________
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
5. ________________

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