Freyssinet Webinar Series-2

Penggunaan Lead Rubber Bearing dan Seismic Expansion Joint
Pada Struktur Jembatan Layang

Case Study: Jakarta-Cikampek Elevated Toll
Freyssinet Webinar Series-2 2020

Presented by: Tri Suryadi, ST., MT.
Freyssinet Webinar Series-2

PRESENTATION OUTLINES
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LEAD RUBBER BEARING (LRB)
3. ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE WITH LRB
4. EVALUATION OF THE STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE
5. DESIGN VERIFICATION WITH NONLINEAR TIME
HISTORY ANALYSIS
6. LRB QUALIFICATION
7. CONCLUSION for LRB in JAPEK
8. SEISMIC EXPANSION JOINT in JAPEK

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRUM - JAPEK

1000 Years Retu rn Peri o d
0.90
Soil SD
0.80
Soil SE
0.70
ACCELERATION (G)
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
JAKARTA-CIKAMPEK II PROJECT
0.10
0.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
PERIOD (T)

INTRODUCTION
CONVENTIONAL ISOLATED
BEARING STRUCTURE
Pilecap : 11.4 m x 8.4 m x 3 m Pilecap : 11.4 m x 5.4 m x 2.5 m

Borepile : Dia. 1.2 m, 36 m depth Borepile : Dia. 1.2 m, 36 m depth
Pier : 4.5 m x 3 m (1.31%) Pier : 3 m x 2.5 m (1.0 %)

LEAD RUBBER BEARING (LRB)
Lead Rubber Bearing:
Behavior Law:
Characteristics:
- Moderate Damping (20% - 35%)
- High Re-Centering Capacity
- Re-usable after EQ events (due to
re-crystallization property of the
lead core)

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE WITH LRB
α×K sub K d ×d+Qd Q d + k r ×dbd

K eff = α= K eff-iso dbd =
1+α K sub×d-Qd dbd

EVALUATION OF THE STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE
LEAD RUBBER BEARING
SEISMIC EXPANSION JOINT
CONCRETE LINK SLAB
Seismic isolation scheme in toll Jakarta-Cikampek II Project

CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 1.30 sec
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 1.30 sec
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Mode 2 (Longitudinal Mode) = 1.04 sec
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
ISOLATED SYSTEM
Mode
Mode 2 (Longitudinal
1 (Transversal Mode)
Mode) = 1.04
= 2.37 sec sec
(SD)
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 2.27 sec (SE)
ISOLATED SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 2.37 sec (SD)
ISOLATEDMode)
Mode 1 (Transversal SYSTEM
= 2.27 sec (SE)
Mode 1 (Longitudinal Mode) = 2.29 sec (SD)
Mode 1 (Longitudinal Mode) = 2.19 sec (SE)
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Mode 2 (Longitudinal Mode) = 1.04 sec
ISOLATED SYSTEM
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 2.37= sec
Mode 2 (Longitudinal Mode) 1.04(SD)
sec
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 2.27 sec (SE)
ISOLATED SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Transversal Mode) = 2.37 sec (SD)
ISOLATED SYSTEM
Mode
Mode 1 (TransversalMode)
1 (Longitudinal Mode)==2.29
2.27sec
sec(SD)
(SE)
ISOLATED SYSTEM
Mode 1 (Longitudinal Mode) = 2.29 sec (SD)

DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRUM - JAPEK

1.00
0.90 Non-isolation period ≈ 1.04 sec Isolation period ≈ 2.2 sec
0.80
0.70 CSE-Non-ISO = 0.77g

ACCELERATION (G)
0.60
CSD-Non-ISO = 0.495g
0.50 CSE-ISO = 0.21g
(73% Reduction)
0.40
0.30
0.20
CSD-ISO = 0.14g
0.10
(72% Reduction)
0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
PERIOD (T)
Summary of EQ reduction for both structures in soil SD and SE

VERIFICATION WITH NONLINEAR TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS
LRB Non-Linear
Behaviour
F
Fbd
Kr
FYield F bd
Qd
Klead
Keff-iso Fy
K Lead
dbd D Kr
d bd
K eff-iso
ξ eff-iso
Non-Linear Behaviour on Piers
LEAD RUBBER BEARING
SEISMIC EXPANSION JOINT F Moment vs Rotation - Strong Axis Moment

CONCRETE LINK SLAB Fbd 1.2E+11 LRB for SD Soil LRB for SE Soil
Kr
FYield
1E+11
Initial Yield F bd = 423.80 kN F bd = 660.50 kN
Moment (N.mm)
8E+10
Qd = 196.00 kN Qd = 373.00 kN
Klead 6E+10
Crack
Keff-iso
4E+10
Fy = 217.78 kN Fy = 414.44 kN
2E+10 K Lead = 13.40 kN/mm K Lead = 12.50 kN/mm
Rotation (rad)
0
0
dbd0.02 D 0.04
K r =0.06 1.340.08 kN/mm Kr = 1.25 kN/mm
3000 mm
d = 170.00 mm d bd = 230.00 mm
Moment vs Rotation - Weakbd
Axis Moment
9E+10
K eff-iso = 2.49 kN/mm K eff-iso = 2.87 kN/mm
8E+10
Initial Yield
7E+10 ξ eff-iso = 26.63 % ξ eff-iso = 30.77 %
6E+10
Moment (N.mm)
2500 mm
5E+10
4E+10 Crack
3E+10
2E+10
1E+10
Rotation (rad)
0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08

MATCHED GROUND MOTIONS

Megathrust-TCU015
0.3
Component - Longitudinal
0.2 Component - Transversal
Component - Vertical
Acceleration (g)
0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time (Sec)
Three-directional Ground Motions for Non-Linear Analysis

RESPONSE SPECTRUM COMPARISON

Megathrust-TCU015 (Seismograph 1)
0.9
Target Spectrum Horizontal
0.8
Target Spectrum Vertical
0.7 Longitudinal
Transversal
0.6
Acceleration (g)
SRSS of Orthogonal
0.5 Vertical
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Period (T)
Response Spectrums of the Matched Seismographs

Nonlinear hysteresis curves of the LRB for all the time history loads
LRB SE Hysteresis Curves LRB SE Hysteresis Curves

Longitudinal - Direction Transversal - Direction
800 800
Design TH-1 Design TH-1
600 TH-2 TH-3 600 TH-2 TH-3
TH-4 TH-5 TH-4 TH-5
400 TH-6 TH-7 400 TH-6 TH-7
Force (kN)
Force (kN)
200 200
0 0
-200 -200
-400 -400
-600 -600
-800 -800
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Displacement (mm) Displacement (mm)
Load Case TH-1 TH-2 TH-3 TH-4 TH-5 TH-6 TH-7

Longitudinal 77.26 158.07 92.41 57.84 82.95 87.55 126.62
Transversal 99.92 117.33 113.75 145.58 105.35 70.76 74.82

LRB Movements
(PLANAR VIEW)
Design TH-1 TH-2 TH-3
300
TH-4 TH-5 TH-6 TH-7
200 Load Max

Displacement Y (mm)
Case Resultant
TH-1 117.55 mm
100
TH-2 179.70 mm
TH-3 115.85 mm
0
TH-4 147.70 mm
TH-5 107.16 mm
-100 TH-6 94.93 mm
TH-7 145.14 mm
-200
-300
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Displacement X (mm)
LRB Movements from All the Time History Cases

LEAD RUBBER BEARING
SEISMIC EXPANSION JOINT

Moment Rotation Results - Strong Axis
CONCRET E LINK SLAB
Moment Rotation Results - Weak Axis
1.2E+11 1E+11
Initial Yield Initial Yield
1E+11 8E+10
8E+10
6E+10
Crack
6E+10
Moment (N.mm)
Crack
Moment (N.mm)
4E+10
4E+10
TH-1 TH-2 TH-3 TH-4
TH-1 TH-2 TH-3 TH-4 2E+10
2E+10 TH-5 TH-6 TH-7
TH-5 TH-6 TH-7
0
0 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
-0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
-2E+10
-2E+10
-4E+10 -4E+10
-6E+10 -6E+10
Rotation (rad) Rotation (rad)
Plastic Hinges Status (all piers are still in elastic condition)

LRB TESTING FOR QUALIFICATION
All LRB in JAPEK are QUALIFIED as per EN 15129 Anti-Seismic Devices Standard
Performed on the
first 2 pcs of
prototype bearing
Prototype Test Protocol

Capacity in compression under zero lateral displacement (8.2.1.2.6)

Compression Stiffness (8.2.1.2.8)

Horizontal characteristics Kb and ξb (or Qd and Kr) under cyclic

deformation (8.2.1.2.2 ; 8.2.4.1.5.2)

Variation of horizontal characteristics Kb and ξb due to frequency

(8.2.1.2.3)

Variation of horizontal characteristics Kb and ξb due to temperature

(8.2.1.2.4)

Dependence of horizontal characteristics Kb and ξb on repeated cycling

(8.2.1.2.5)

Lateral capacity under maximum and minimum vertical loads (8.2.1.2.7)

Change of horizontal characteristics Kb and ξb due to ageing

(8.2.2.1.3.5 ; 8.2.1.2.9)
AVG - Aging Effects – SEI 60 - Japek
#Cycle G [%] ξ [%]

3° 11.20% -8.80%

TESTING VIDEO

All LRB in JAPEK are QUALIFIED as per EN 15129 Anti-Seismic Devices Standard
Performed on (20% + 1) Pcs of all the manufactured bearings

Factory Production Control Test Results

CONCLUSION for LRB in JAPEK
1. Seismic Isolation System in bridges demonstrates a significant earthquake force

reduction
2. Further to the significant EQ force reduction, below are the benefits of using
Seismic Isolation System in Bridges:
a) Better Structural Performance and Safety (Essentially Elastic Substructure)
b) Construction Cost Efficiency
c) Elimination of Future Repair Cost
d) Better Constructability (in case of JAPEK Project) due to limited working access on
the existing road for working
3. As the most critical part of the structure in terms of seismic, the use of isolator
bearing (LRB) must consider high qualifications from seismic analysis phase,
device design, testing, even until installation on site
4. Through the nonlinear time history analysis in this study, it is shown that in
JAKARTA-CIKAMPEK Project, both bearing isolators (LRB) and the
substructures were designed properly to develop an expected structural
performance – Essentially Elastic Substructure

SEISMIC EXPANSION JOINT in JAPEK
Typical Location of the Expansion Joint

Dmax LRB/PS Type SE
1. Bearing Scheme : A LRB/PS Type SD
SUPERSTRUCTURE SUPERSTRUCTURE
PIER-1 PIER-2 PIER-3 PIER-4 PIER-5 PIER-6 PIER-7
2. Bearing Scheme : B
3. Bearing Scheme : C


Displacement - Time
X - Direction
200
Right Span
150 Left Span
100
Displacement (mm)
50
-50
-100
-150
-200
-250
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Time (sec)
Bearing Displacement Time

Description Load Case
Type (mm) (sec)
Left Span SD Megathrust-TCU015 -176.38 56.00
Right Span SE Megathrust-TCU015 -18.86 56.00
Relative Movement, 157.52 mm

Bearing Displacement Time

Description Load Case
Type (mm) (sec)
Left Span SD Shallow Crustal-MEL 221.31 14.40
Right Span SE Shallow Crustal-MEL 95.84 14.40
Relative Movement, 125.48 mm

Relative Displacement - Time

X - Direction
200
TH-1 TH-2
150 TH-3 TH-4
TH-5 TH-6
TH-7
100
Displacement (mm)
50
-50
-100
-150
-200
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Time (sec)

Relative Displacement - Time

Y - Direction
150
TH-1 TH-2
TH-3 TH-4
100 TH-5 TH-6
TH-7
Displacement (mm)
50
-50
-100
-150
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Time (sec)

Seismic Expansion Joint (Supplementary Device)

Characteristics of SFX Seismic Expansion Joint :
1. Light Component (Panel per 2.00m)
2. Easy Handling
3. Easy Installation
4. Easy Connection to the Deck
5. Easy Maintenance and Inspection
6. Easy for Future Replacement
7. Complete Water tightness Insurance
8. Large Movement Capacity (Longitudinal, Transversal, Vertical)
9. Fully protected steel plates inside the vulcanized rubber
10. Excellent Level of User Comfort and Noise Reduction



Actual Footage (05-August-2020)

THANK YOU
Tri SURYADI, ST., MT.

tri.suryadi@freyssinet.co.id
+62811-8125-092

Freyssinet Webinar Series-2

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Penggunaan Lead Rubber Bearing dan Seismic Expansion Joint

Pada Struktur Jembatan Layang