Workshop Assignment

Accident
An accident (industrial) is a sudden and unexpected
occurrence in the industry which interrupts the orderly
progress of the work. an accident is an unplanned and
uncontrolled event in which an action or reaction of an object, a
substance, a person, or a radiation result in personal injury.
Types of Accidents:
Accidents may be of different types depending upon the severity and
durability of the injury. An accident causing death or permanent or
prolonged disability to the injured employee is called ‘major accident.

A cut that does not render the employee disabled is termed as ‘minor’
accident. When an employee gets injury with external signs of it, it is
external injury.

Injury without showing external signs such as a fractured

bone is called an internal accident.
When an injury renders an injured employee disabled for a short period,
say, a day or a week, it is a temporary accident. On the contrary,
making injured employee disabled forever is called permanent accident.
Disability caused by accident may be partial or total, fatal, or non-fatal.
Causes of Accidents:
No accident occurs automatically. Instead, certain factors cause
accidents. It has been noticed that an accident does not have a single
cause but a multiplicity of causes, which are often closely related.
As we know that an accidents is an unplanned activity and hence the
accidents don’t have any specific cause to occur, the causes of
accident vary from situation to situation.
The industrial safety experts have classified the various causes
of accidents into three broad categories:
1. Unsafe Conditions

2. Unsafe Acts

3. Other Causes?

1. Unsafe Conditions (work-related):

Unsafe working conditions are the biggest cause of accidents.
  Accident occurs due to faulty equipment, faulty layout.

 Accident also occurs due lack of attention,

tension, tiredness, frustration, anxiety and
Stress.
  Safety experts identify that there are some
high danger zones in an industry. These are, for example, hand lift
trucks, wheelbarrows, gears and pulleys, saws and handrails, chisels
and screw drivers, electric drop lights, etc., where about one-third of
industrial accidents occur.
 Sleep loss or disrupted sleep, affecting sleep quantity and quality .

2. Unsafe Acts:
cre
Industrial accidents occur due to certain acts on the part of
workers. These acts may be occurring due to lack of knowledge
or lack of skill and wrong attitude. Accident occurs due to
unexperience person.
Example of these unsafe acts:
 Careless throwing of material.
 It’s very important that operating equipment without
authority.
 Accident occurs due to risk
 Working at unsafe speed (too fast or too low).
 Accident occurs due to ignore safety rule.
 Using unsafe equipment or using equipment’s unsafely.
 Taking unsafe position under suspended loads.
 Taking short cut.
3. Other Causes:

 Accident may cause due to unhealthy environment, dust, slippery

floor, smelling chemicals.
 Environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, noise, and
light.

Safety:
Safety means freedom from the occurrence or risk
of injury or loss. As regards, industrial safety, it
means the protection of employees/workers from
the danger or risk of industrial accident.
 In other words, industrial safety refers to protection
against accidents occurring in the industrial
establishments.
 Examples of safety hazards include shocks from faulty electrical
equipment, slips on floors, falls from working at heights, head injuries from
falling debris and cuts or worse from improperly used machinery.
Rules of Safety:
 Don’t take short cuts.

 Don’t ignore safety rule always follow safety rules.

 Don’t touch wires that is uncovered.

 Don’t touch any equipment, chemicals, or other materials

in industry/laboratory area until you are instructed to do
so.
 For eye protection wearing glasses.

 Wear safety Helmet.

 Wear safety Gloves.

 Wear safety shoes.

 Wear safety Jackets.

 Maintain Electrical equipment.

 Don’t eat at your work stand table.

  Don’t taste or sniff chemicals.

 After completing lab/Industry work clan your workspace, equipment

and wash your hands.

 Avoid skin and eye contact with all chemicals.

 No cell phone or ear phone usage in

the active portion of the
laboratories, or during
experimental operations.

Report Dangerous Activities or Situations:

 Report all accidents, no matter how minor.
  Never perform unauthorized work, preparations, or
experiments.
 Never engage in horseplay, pranks, or other acts of mischief
in laboratories.
 Never remove chemicals from the facility without proper
authorization.
 Report suspicious people or activities in lab areas to
University Police.
Safety of Machine:
 check the machine is well maintained and fit to be used, ie
appropriate for the job and working properly and that all the safety
measures are in place – guards, isolators, locking mechanisms,
emergency off switches etc.
 and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions
 make sure you are wearing the appropriate protective clothing
and equipment required for that machine, such as safety glasses,
hearing protection and safety shoes check the machine is well
maintained and fit to be used, i.e., appropriate for the job and working
properly and that all the safety measures are in place – guards,
isolators, locking mechanisms, emergency off switches etc.
 use the machine properly
 Hazards
Industrial hazard may be defined as any condition produced by
industries that may cause injury or death to personnel or loss of
product or property.
A hazard is something that can cause harm, e.g. electricity, chemicals,
working up a ladder, noise, a keyboard, a bully at work, stress, etc.
For example, working alone away from your office can be a hazard. The
risk of personal danger may be high. Electric cabling is a hazard. If it
has snagged on a sharp object, the exposed wiring places it in a 'high-
risk' category.

Types of Hazards:
 Mechanical Hazards:
A mechanical hazard is any hazard involving a machine or industrial
process. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air bags pose mechanical
hazards. Compressed gases or liquids can also be considered a
mechanical hazard.
Hazard identification of new machines and/or industrial processes
occurs at various stages in the design of the new machine or
process. 
 Electrical Hazards:
A dangerous condition such that contact or equipment failure can
result in electric shock, arc-flash burn, thermal burn, or blast.

 Chemical Hazards:
Chemical hazards and toxic substances pose a wide range of health
hazards (such as irritation, sensitization, and carcinogenicity) and
physical hazards (such as flammability, corrosion, and explosibility).

Computer Hazards:
For computers, a hazard is anything that poses a threat to a
computer's security, performance, or functionality. Examples of
computer hazards are malware, viruses, computer hackers, corrupted
system files, and defective hardware.