II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER –` 03

phygsgp@gmail.com

Prof. G S G PRASAD
GSGPrasad

Faculty, PHYSICS Department

BASE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

Basavanagudi, BENGALURU – 560 004
Page 1

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER –` 03

CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Weightage – 13 marks
MAR 2014 (13)

01. Define mobility of electron. (1)

02. Draw Wheatstone’s bridge circuit and write the conditions for its balance. (2)

03. With the help of circuit diagram, obtain the expression for equivalent resistance of
two resistors connected in parallel. (5)

04. A battery of internal resistance 3  is connected to 20  resistor and the

potential difference across the resistor is 10 V . If another resistor of 30  is

connected in series with the first resistor and battery is again connected to the

combination, calculate the emf and terminal potential difference across the

combination. (5)

JUL 2014 (13)

05. Define drift velocity of electrons. (1)

06. Give any two limitations of Ohm’s law. (2)

07. Derive the condition for balance of Wheatstone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s laws. (5)

08. A network of resistors is connected to a 12 V battery as

shown in figure. (a) Calculate the equivalent resistance of

the network. (b) Obtain current in 12  and 6 

resistance. (5)

MAR 2015 (13) phygsgp@gmail.com

09. A resistor is marked with colours red, red, orange and gold. Write the value of its
resistance. (1)

10. Mention two limitations of Ohm’s law. (2)

GSGPrasad

11. What is equivalent resistance? Derive the expression for effective resistance of two
resistors connected in parallel. (5)

12. Two cells of emf 2 V and 4 V and internal resistance 1  and 2  respectively
Page 2

are connected in parallel so as to send the current in the same direction through

external resistance of 10  . Find the potential difference across 10  resistor. (5)

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

JUN 2015 (13)

13. What is the condition for the balanced state of Wheatstone’s network? (1)

14. Mention two limitations of Ohm’s law. (2)

15. Assuming the expression for drift velocity, derive the expression for conductivity of
n e2 
a material   , where symbols have usual meaning. Define the term
m
mobility. (5)

16. Two identical cells either in series or in parallel combination, gives the same
current of 0.5 A through an external resistance of 4  . Find emf and internal

resistance of each cell. (5)

MAR 2016 (13)

17. Derive the expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor. (3)

18. Deduce the condition for balance of a Wheatstone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s rules.
(5)

19. Three resistors of resistances 2  , 3  and 4  are combined in series . What is

the resistance of the combination? If this combination is connected to a battery

of emf 10 V and negligible internal resistance, obtain the potential drop across

each resistor. (5)

JUN 2016 (13)

20. Arrive at an expression for drift velocity. (3)

21. Obtain the bridge balance condition of Wheatstone’s bridge network by applying phygsgp@gmail.com
Kirchhoff’s rules. (5)

22. A wire having length 2 m , diameter 1 mm and resistivity 1.963 10 8  m is

connected in series with a battery of emf 3 V and internal resistance 1  .

Calculate the resistance of the wire and the current in the circuit. (5)
GSGPrasad

MAR 2017(13)

23. Define mobility of electron. (1)

24. State and explain Ohm’s law. (2)

Page 3

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

25. Deduce the condition for balance of a Wheatstone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s laws.
(5)

26. When two resistors are connected in series with a cell of emf 2 V and negligible
internal resistance, a current of  2 / 5 A flows in the circuit. When the resistors

are connected in parallel, the main current is  5 / 3 A . Calculate the resistances.

(5)

JUN 2017 (13)

27. State Kirchhoff’s junction rule. (1)

28. Define mobility. Mention its SI unit. (2)

29. What is ohmic device? Give one example. (2)

30. Derive the relation j   E with the terms have usual meaning. (3)

31. Three resistors of resistances 4  , 6  and 8  are combined in parallel. What

is the resistance of the combination? If this combination is connected to a battery

of emf 25 V and negligible internal resistance, obtain the current through each

resistor and the total current drawn from the battery. (5)

MAR 2018 (13)

32. Define ‘drift velocity’ of free electrons. (1)

33. State Kirchhoff’s laws of electrical network. (2)

34. Obtain the expression for the effective emf and the effective internal resistance of

phygsgp@gmail.com
two cells connected in parallel such that the currents are flowing in the same

direction. (5)

35. 100 mg mass of nichrome metal is drawn into a wire of area of cross section
0.05 mm2 . Calculate the resistance of this wire. Given density of nichrome is

8.4 103 kg m3 and resistivity of the material of nichrome is 1.2 10 6  m . (5)
GSGPrasad

JUN 2018 (13)

36. State Ohm’s law. (1)

37. Represent graphically the variation of resistivity with absolute temperature for
Page 4

copper and nichrome metals. (2)

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

n e2 
38. Derive   , where the symbols have their usual meaning. (5)
m
39. In the given circuit diagram, calculate (a) the main current
through the circuit and (b) current through 9  resistor. (5)

MAR 2019 (13)

40. Define electrical resistivity of material of a conductor. (1)

41. Write the expression for drift velocity in terms of current

and explain the terms. (2)

42. Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in
parallel such that they send current in same direction. Derive an expression for

equivalent internal resistance and equivalent emf of the combination. (5)

43. Two resistors are connected in series with 5 V battery of negligible internal
resistance. A current of 2 A flows through each resistor. If they are connected in

parallel with the same battery a current of  25 / 3 A flows through combination.

Calculate the value of each resistance. (5)

JUN 2019 (13)

44. How does the resistance of the conductor vary with its length? (1)

45. Write any two limitations of Ohm’s law. (2)

46. Derive an expression for the balancing condition of Wheatstone bridge. (5)

47. A network of resistors is connected to a 16 V

battery with internal resistance 1  as shown in phygsgp@gmail.com
figure below. (a) Compute the equivalent

resistance of the network (b) Calculate the total

current in the circuit. (5)

Current electricity
GSGPrasad

01. Draw Wheatstone’s bridge circuit and write the conditions for its
balance.
Page 5

P R
The condition for balance is I g  0 or 
Q S

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03
02. With the help of circuit diagram, obtain the expression for equivalent resistance of two
resistors connected in parallel.

The resistances are said to be connected in parallel when they are connected

between the same two points.

When they are connected in parallel,

 the potential difference across each is same

 the total current is equal to sum of the respective currents

Consider two resistances R1 and R2 connected in parallel.

Let V be the potential difference applied across the

combination.

Let V be the potential difference across each and I1 and I 2

be the respective currents through R1 and R2 . Then

I  I1  I 2

V V V
I  V I R or I
R1 R2 R

 1 1 
I V    … (1)
 R1 R2 

If RP is the effective or equivalent resistance of R1 and R2 connected in parallel,

then

phygsgp@gmail.com
I … (2)
RP

1 1 1
On comparing equations (1) and (2),  
RP R1 R2
03. A battery of internal resistance 3  is connected to 20  resistor and the potential

difference across the resistor is 10 V . If another resistor of 30  is connected in series with

GSGPrasad

the first resistor and battery is again connected to the combination, calculate the emf and
terminal potential difference across the combination.

r  3  , R1  20  , V1  10 V , R2  30  , E  ? , V2  ?
Page 6

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

E R1 E  20
V1   10   E  20  230  E  11.5 V
R1  r 20  3

When R1 and R2 are connected in series, then RS  R1  R2

 RS  20  30  50 

E RS 11.5  50
V2   V2   V2  10.85 V
RS  r 50  3

04. Define drift velocity of electrons.

The average velocity with which free electrons in a conductor get drifted in a

direction opposite to the applied field is called drift velocity.

05. Give any two limitations of Ohm’s law.

 Ohm’s law holds good only if all the physical conditions and temperature are

constant

 Ohm’s law is applicable in case of metal conductors only and the law is not

applicable for semiconductors, semiconducting devices, vacuum tubes, discharge

tubes and electrolytes

06. Derive the condition for balance of Wheatstone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s laws.

Wheatstone’s network consists of four resistances P , Q , S and R connected in a

loop ABCDA as shown in the circuit diagram.

A galvanometer of resistance G is connected

phygsgp@gmail.com
between B and D .

A cell is connected between A and C .

The currents in various branches are as shown in

the circuit diagram.

If the resistances are adjusted such that the current

GSGPrasad

I g through the galvanometer is zero, then the

network is said to be electrically balanced.

Condition for balance:

Page 7

Applying KVL to the loops ABDA and BCDB , we have

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

I1 P  I g G  I 2 R  0 … (1)

I1  I g  Q   I2  I g  S  I g G  0 … (2)

Substituting I g  0 in equations (1) and (2),

I1 P  I 2 R  0 or I1 P  I 2 R … (3)

I1 Q  I 2 S  0 or I1 Q  I 2 S … (4)

Dividing equation (3) by equation (4),

I1 P I 2 R P R
   - Condition for electrical balance
I1 Q I 2 S Q S

07. A network of resistors is connected to a 12 V battery as shown in

figure. (a) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the network. (b)

Obtain current in 12  and 6  resistance.

V  12 V , R1  12  , R2  6  , RP  ? , I1  ? , I 2  ?

R1 R2 12  6
RP   RP   RP  4 
R1  R2 12  6

V 12
I1   I1   I1  1 A
R1 12

phygsgp@gmail.com
V 12
I2   I2   I2  2 A
R1 6

08. A resistor is marked with colours red, red, orange and gold. Write the value of its resistance.

R  22 103  5%  or R   22000  1100  

09. Two cells of emf 2 V and 4 V and internal resistance 1  and 2  respectively are
GSGPrasad

connected in parallel so as to send the current in the same direction through external
resistance of 10  . Find the potential difference across 10  resistor.

E1  2 V , r1  1  , E2  4 V , r2  2  , R  10  , VR  ?
Page 8

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

E1 r2  E2 r1 2  2  4 1 r1 r2 1 2
Eeq    2.667 V and req    0.667 
r1  r2 1 2 r1  r2 1  2

Eeq 2.667
I   0.25 A or I  0.25 A
R  req 10  0.667

Potential difference across 10  is, VR  I R  0.25 10  2.5 V

10. What is the condition for the balanced state of Wheatstone’s network?

Ig  0 i.e., the current through the galvanometer must be zero

11. Assuming the expression for drift velocity, derive the expression for conductivity of a

n e2 
material   , where symbols have usual meaning. Define the term mobility.
m
Consider a conductor having cross sectional area A subjected to an electric field

E.

The current I flowing through the conductor is

I  n e A vd … (1)

n  free electron density e  charge of the electron

vd  drift velocity of free electrons

eE
But vd  … (2)
m

  relaxation time m  mass of the electron

Substituting (2) in (1), phygsgp@gmail.com

eE n e2 E  A I n e2 E 
I ne A  I  
m m A m

n e2 E  I
… (3)  J  current density
GSGPrasad

 J
m A

From Ohm’s law,

J  E … (4)   electrical conductivity

Page 9

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

Equating (4) and (3),

n e2 E  n e2 
E  
m m

Mobility:

Drift velocity acquired by charge carrier per unit electric field is called its mobility.

12. Two identical cells either in series or in parallel combination, gives the same current of
0.5 A through an external resistance of 4  . Find emf and internal resistance of each cell.

I  0.5 A , R  4  , E  ? , r  ?

When the cells are connected in series,

Eeq  E1  E2  E  E  2 E req  r1  r2  r  r  2 r

Eeq 2E
I  I … (1)
R  req 42 r

When the cells are connected in parallel,

E1 r2  E2 r1 E r  E r 2 E r
Eeq    E
r1  r2 rr 2r

r1 r2 rr r2
req     0.5 r
r1  r2 rr 2 r

Eeq E
I  I … (2)

phygsgp@gmail.com
R  req 4  0.5 r

2E E
From (1) and (2),   2  4  0.5 r    4  2 r 
4  2 r 4  0.5 r

 8 r  4 2 r  r4
GSGPrasad

E E
From (2), I  0.5   E  3V
4  0.5 r 4  0.5  4

13. Derive the expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor.
Page 10

The average velocity with which electrons in a conductor get drifted in a direction

opposite to the applied field is called drift velocity.

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

Let a potential difference V is applied across a conductor of length l .

V
The electric field in the conductor  E 
l
The force on each free electron  F   e E

(  ve sign indicates that F and E are directed opposite)

F eE
The acceleration of free electron  a  
m m
m  mass of the electron

Let  be the average time between two successive collisions of the electron

(relaxation time). i.e., the electron accelerates for average time interval  .

We have, v  u  a t

Here, v  vd , u  0 and t  

eE eE eE
vd  0    vd   or vd 
m m m
14. Three resistors of resistances 2  , 3  and 4  are combined in series . What is the

resistance of the combination? If this combination is connected to a battery of emf 10 V

and negligible internal resistance, obtain the potential drop across each resistor.

R1  2  , R2  3  , R3  4  , E  10 V , r  0 , RS  ? , V1  ? , V2  ? , V3  ?

RS  R1  R2  R3  RS  2  3  4  RS  9 

phygsgp@gmail.com
E 10 10
I  I  I A
RS  r 90 9

Since the resistors are connected in series, the current I through each is same.

10 20
V1  I R1  V1  2  V1  V
GSGPrasad

9 9

10 30
V2  I R2  V2  3  V2  V
9 9
Page 11

10 40
V3  I R3  V3  4  V3  V
9 9

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

15. A wire having length 2 m , diameter 1 mm and resistivity 1.963 10 8  m is connected in

series with a battery of emf 3 V and internal resistance 1  . Calculate the resistance of the

wire and the current in the circuit.

l  2 m , d  1 mm  10 3 m ,   1.963 10  8  m , E  3 V , r  1  , R  ? , I  ?

l 4l 4  1.963 10 8  2

R   R  R  0.05 
A  d2 3.14  10 3 
2

E 3 3
I  I  I  I  2.857 A
Rr 0.05  1 1.05

16. State and explain Ohm’s law.

Ohm’s law:

The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential

difference across its ends provided the temperature and other physical conditions

remain constant.

If I is the current through a conductor when a potential difference V applied

across it, then

I V or V I R R  resistance of the conductor

17. When two resistors are connected in series with a cell of emf 2 V and negligible internal

resistance, a current of  2 / 5 A flows in the circuit. When the resistors are connected in

parallel, the main current is  5 / 3 A . Calculate the resistances.

phygsgp@gmail.com
E  2 V , r  0 , I S   2 / 5 A , I P   5 / 3 A , R1  ? , R2  ?

When the resistors are connected in series,

E 2 2
IS     RS  5   R1  R2  5 … (1)
RS  r 5 RS  0
GSGPrasad

When the resistors are connected in parallel,

E 5 2
IP     RP  1.2 
RP  r 3 RP  0
Page 12

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

R1 R2 R R
RP   1 2 R1 R2  RP  RS  1.2  5  6
R1  R2 RS

 R1  R2    R1  R2   4 R1 R2   R1  R2   52  4  6  1
2 2 2

  R1  R2   1 … (2)

Adding (1) and (2),

2 R1  6 or R1  3  and R2  2 

18. Define mobility. Mention its SI unit.

Drift velocity acquired by charge carrier per unit electric field is called its mobility.

vd
i.e., 
E
SI Unit: m V or
1
2
s 1 A m N 1

19. What is ohmic device? Give one example.

Devices which obey Ohm’s law are called ohmic devices.

Galvanometers, ammeters, voltmeters, resistors, inductors are ohmic devices.

20. Derive the relation j   E with the terms have usual meaning.

From Ohm’s law, V I R

I  current through the conductor R  resistance of the conductor

phygsgp@gmail.com
V  potential difference across the conductor

l
But R 
A
  resistivity of the conductor l  length of the conductor

A  area of cross section of the conductor

GSGPrasad

l V I  V I
V I     E j  E & j 
A l A  l A

E
j or j  E

Page 13

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

In vector form, j E

21. Three resistors of resistances 4  , 6  and 8  are combined in parallel. What is the

resistance of the combination? If this combination is connected to a battery of emf 25 V

and negligible internal resistance, obtain the current through each resistor and the total
current drawn from the battery.

R1  4  , R2  6  , R3  8  , E  25 V , r  0 , I  ? , I1  ? , I 2  ? , I 3  ?

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
         0.25  0.1667  0.125
RP R1 R2 R3 RP 4 6 8 RP

1
  0.5417  RP  1.846 
RP

Total current drawn from the battery,

E 25
I  I  I  13.543 A
RP  r 1.846  0

Since the resistors are in parallel, the potential difference across each is same. It

is equal to E  25 V .

E 25
I1   I1   I1  6.25 A
R1 4

E 25
I2   I2   I 2  4.167 A
R2 6

phygsgp@gmail.com
E 25
I3   I3   I3  3.125 A
R3 8

22. Three cells of emf 2 V , 1.8 V and 1.5 V are connected in series. Their internal

resistances are 0.05  , 0.7  and 1  respectively. If the battery is connected to an

external resistance of 4  via very low resistance ammeter, what would be the
GSGPrasad

reading in the ammeter?

E1  2 V , E2  1.8 V , E1  2 V , r1  0.05  , r2  0.7  , r3  1  , R  4  , I  ?
Page 14

Eeff  E1  E2  E3  Eeff  2  1.8  1.5  Eeff  5.3 V

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03
reff  r1  r2  r3  reff  0.05  0.7  1  reff  1.75 

Eeff 5.3 5.3

I  I   I  0.92 A
R  reff 4  1.75 5.75

23. Find the current through the galvanometer in the Wheatstone network shown.

Applying KVL to the loop ABDA ,

2 I1  10 I g  4 I 2  0 … (1)

Applying KVL to the loop BCDB ,

3  I1  I g   5  I 2  I g   10 I g  0

3 I1  18 I g  5 I 2  0 … (2)

Applying KVL to the loop ADCA ,

4 I 2  5  I 2  I g   10  I1  I 2   2

10 I1  5 I g  19 I 2  2 … (3)

2 10 4
  3 18  5
10 5 19

  2  18 19  5  5  10  3 19  5 10   4 3  5  18 10 

phygsgp@gmail.com
  2   342  25  10  57  50  4 15  180

  2   317   10 107   4 195   6342  1070  780     8192

2 0 4
GSGPrasad

2  3 0  5 2  2  0  5  2  4  3  2  0   20  24  2   4
10 2 19

2 4
Ig   Ig  I g  0.488 10 3 A
Page 15

  8192

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03
24. State Kirchhoff’s laws of electrical network.

I Law: Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL):

The algebraic sum of the electrical currents at a junction is zero.

i.e., I  0

II Law: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

The algebraic sum of the products of the current and the resistance in different

parts of a loop is equal to the algebraic sum of the emf in that loop.

i.e., I R  E

25. Obtain the expression for the effective emf and the effective internal resistance of two cells
connected in parallel such that the currents are flowing in the same direction.

The cells are said to be connected in parallel when the positive terminals of all

cells are connected to one point and all their negative terminals are connected to

another point.

Consider two cells connected in parallel between two points A and C as shown

in figure.

Let E1 , E2 be the emfs of the two cells and r1 , r2 be their internal resistances

respectively.

phygsgp@gmail.com

Since the cells are connected in parallel, the terminal potential difference V

across each is same. Let I1 , I 2 be the currents from first and the second cell

respectively.
GSGPrasad

For the first cell,

E1  V E1 V
V  E1  I1 r1 or I1   
r1 r1 r1
Page 16

For the second cell,

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

E2  V E 2 V
V  E2  I 2 r2 or I2   
r2 r2 r2

Then the total current I is I  I1  I 2 ... (1)

Substituting in (1),

E1 V E2 V
I   
r1 r1 r2 r2

E E  1 1  E r  E2 r1   r1  r2 
I   1  2  V     I  1 2  V  
 r1 r2   r1 r2   r1 r2   r1 r2 

 r  r   E r  E2 r1   r1 r2 
V 1 2  1 2 I On multiplying throughout by  ,
 r1 r2   r1 r2   r1  r2 

 r  r  r r   E r  E2 r1  r1 r2   r1 r2 
V  1 2  1 2    1 2  I  
 r1 r2  r1  r2   r1 r2  r1  r2   r1  r2 

 E r  E2 r1   r1 r2 
V  1 2 I   ... (2)
 r1  r2   r1  r2 

If Eeq is the equivalent emf and req is the equivalent internal resistance of two

cells connected in parallel, then

V  Eeq  I req ... (3)

phygsgp@gmail.com
On comparing (2) and (3),

 E r  E2 r1   r r 
Eeq   1 2  ... (4) req   1 2  ... (5)
 r1  r2   r1  r2 

26. 100 mg mass of nichrome metal is drawn into a wire of area of cross section 0.05 mm2 .
GSGPrasad

Calculate the resistance of this wire. Given density of nichrome is 8.4 103 kg m3 and

resistivity of the material of nichrome is 1.2 10 6  m .

m  100 mg  100 10 6 kg , A  0.05 mm2  0.05 10  6 m2 , d  8.4 103 kg m3 ,
Page 17

  1.2 10 6  m , R  ?

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

m m 100 10 6
Density, d    8.4 103 
V A l 0.05 10 6  l

100 10 6
 l  l  0.238 m
0.05 10 6  8.4 103

l 1.2 10 6  0.238

Resistance, R   R  R  5.712 
A 0.05 10 6

27. Represent graphically the variation of resistivity with absolute temperature for copper and
nichrome metals.

28. In the given circuit diagram, calculate (a) the main current through
the circuit and (b) current through 9  resistor.

E  3 V , r  0.24  , I  ? , I 3  ?

RAB  3  3  6  RFC  6  6  12  RED  9 

Let the effective external resistance connected across the cell

phygsgp@gmail.com
be Reff .

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      
Reff RAB RFC RED Reff 6 12 9

1 6  3  4 13 36
    Reff   Reff  2.77 
GSGPrasad

Reff 36 36 13

Main current through the circuit is

Page 18

E 3
I  I  I  0.9967 A
Reff  r 2.77  0.24

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

Terminal potential difference across the cell is

V  I Reff  V  0.9967  2.77  V  2.76 V

Current through 9  is

V 2.76
I3   I3   I3  0.3067 A
RED 9

29. Define electrical resistivity of material of a conductor.

It is the resistance of conductor of unit length having unit area of cross section.

or It is the resistance of unit cube of a conductor.

30. Write the expression for drift velocity in terms of current and explain the terms.

I  n e A vd vd  Drift velocity of electron

I  Current in the conductor n  Free electron density

e  Charge of the electron A  Area of cross section of the conductor

31. Two resistors are connected in series with 5 V battery of negligible internal resistance. A

current of 2 A flows through each resistor. If they are connected in parallel with the same

battery a current of  25 / 3 A flows through combination. Calculate the value of each

resistance.

E  5 V , r  0 , I S  2 A , I P   25 / 3 A , R1  ? , R2  ?

phygsgp@gmail.com
When the resistors are connected in series,

E 5
IS   2  RS  2.5   R1  R2  2.5 … (1)
RS  r RS  0

When the resistors are connected in parallel,

GSGPrasad

E 25 5
IP     RP  0.6 
RP  r 3 RP  0

R1 R2 R R
RP   1 2  R1 R2  RP  RS  0.6  2.5  R1 R2  1.5
Page 19

R1  R2 RS

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734
II PUC PHYSICS CHAPTER – 03

 R1  R2    R1  R2   4 R1 R2   R1  R2   2.52  4 1.5  0.25

2 2 2

  R1  R2   0.5 … (2)

Adding (1) and (2),

2 R1  3 or R1  1.5 

From (1), 1.5  R2  2.5 or R2  1 

32. How does the resistance of the conductor vary with its length?

The resistance of the conductor is directly proportional to its length. R  l

33. A network of resistors is connected to a 16 V battery with internal resistance 1  as shown

in figure below. (a) Compute the equivalent resistance of the network and (b) Calculate the
total current in the circuit.

E  16 V , r  1  , Req  ? , I  ?

Equivalent resistance between A and B is

phygsgp@gmail.com
4 4
RAB  2
44

12  6
Equivalent resistance between C and D is RCD  4
12  6

Equivalent resistance between A and D is Req  RAB  RBC  RCD

GSGPrasad

Req  2  1  4  Req  7 

Total current in the circuit is

Page 20

E 16
I  I  I 2 A
Req  r 7 1

PHYSICS CLASSES FOR NEET / JEE, BENGALURU 94827 11568, 98457 71734