Native Americans

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 Native Americans Facts

Native Americans are the people who were in North America,

Central America, South America, and the Caribbean Islands
when Europeans arrived. Christopher Columbus was travelling
west, thinking he was going to India. This is why he called the
people “Indians” when he saw them.
BACKGROUND AND GEOGRAPHY

★ The people who first lived in North America can be called

“American Indians,” “Native Americans,” and “First Nations
People”. It is not correct to use terms such as “Red Indian” or
“Redskin,” because this name originally referred to a specific
tribe, the Beothuks, who painted their bodies and faces with red
ochre.
★ There were hundreds of Native American cultures, from coast to
coast and from the Yukon to the Gulf of Mexico.
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 Native Americans Facts
Map of the United States and
geographical distribution of Native
Americans
★ The Inuits are found in
the subarctic region.
They can survive the
coldest climates and
primarily eat whale and
seal meat.

★ The dry area of the Great Basin was inhabited by Washo, Ute,
and Shoshone tribes, while the Plains were dominated by the
Blackfoot, Arapahoe, Cheyenne, Sioux, Comanche, and Crow
tribes who were nomadic groups living in teepees.
★ The Iroquois, Wappani, and Shawnee tribes lived in the
Northeast Woodlands, while the Northwest plateau were seen
with cedar planks and totems for tribes including the Nez Perce,
Salish, and the Tlingit. ★ In the Southeast are the
Cherokee tribe along with
the Seminole and
Chickasaw in Florida.
Unlike those in the Great
Plains, these tribes are
known farmers who settled
in one territory.
★ In the Southwest, homes
made of adobe bricks were
Image of Native Americans owned by the Apache and
Navajo Nations.
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 Native Americans Facts
★ Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, the New World was
already inhabited with indigenous people. They later became
known as American Indians because explorer Christopher
Columbus thought that he reached the country of India.
★ The indigenous peoples of the United States were originally
hunter-gatherers. They eventually practiced agriculture and
aquaculture. Moreover, Native Americans were able to build
monuments and organise communities.
★ Upon the arrival of Europeans, some Native Americans were
able to coexist with them yet the majority of their population
faced dreadful diseases including cholera, measles, smallpox,
and pneumonia. Many moved to the areas unwanted by
Europeans.

WAY OF LIFE

★ All of the Native American tribes had some things in common.

They lived off the land by gathering food in the earliest times
and then planting crops later on. Once they began planting
crops, they were able to begin creating villages that were
permanent.
★ They all hunted animals and eventually domesticated animals
too. Most of the tribes used as much of the animal as they
could. Meat was used for food. Furs and skins were used for
clothing and shelters. The stomach was used to carry and hold
water. Bones were used for needles and weapons.

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 Native Americans Facts
★ The most important Native American food crop was corn, or
what they called maize. Other important American Indian crops
included squash, potatoes, wild rice, tomatoes, sweet potatoes,
beans, pumpkins, sunflowers, peanuts, peppers, chocolate, and
avocados.
★ Native American tribes also had diets that included a lot of
meat. These meats were: elk, buffalo, caribou, rabbit, deer,
salmon, fish, ducks, turkeys, geese, pheasant, shellfish, and
other marine animals like whales and seal. Porcupines and
snakes were also hunted as food.
★ Native Americans ate honey, eggs, maple syrup, nuts, salt, pine
nuts, cranberries, blueberries, raspberries, acorns, root
vegetables, and greens. Native American cooking tended to be
simple. Most Native Americans preferred to eat their food very
fresh, without many spices.
★ All Native American people were very spiritual and they had
many religious customs and rituals. They also had many gods.
They believed in a special relationship with nature. For most,
the sun was the supreme god. They worshiped the sun
because they needed it to grow their crops. They also needed
rain, so many had a rain god too.
★ Other elements in nature were also worshipped. Most tribes
believed in the power of their dreams They were considered to
be revelations made by the gods. Most had an important
religious leader which some called Shaman, or medicine man.
★ Native Americans did not know about the wheel, so they used
travois to transport their goods while following the bison herds.
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 Native Americans Facts
★ A travois was made from two large branches joined at one end
and diverging at the other. The travois was attached through
harnesses to the back of a horse. It was dragged on the ground
and cargo was placed on skins that were stretched between the
poles. Before wild horses were domesticated, smaller travois
were dragged by dogs.
★ The roles of men and women in most Native American tribes
were the same as now. The men hunted and provided
protection for their people. The women prepared the food,
made clothing and shelters, and cared for the children. The
men used bows and arrows, spears and knives to hunt. They
would also work together to move animal herds into enclosures
or off cliffs to kill them. ★ Native Americans had
many different kinds of
shelters depending upon
where they lived. Some
used portable structures
that could be moved to
follow the bison herds.
These structures were
called the tipi. Some built
homes out of logs. Others
built homes from mud
bricks they baked in the
sun. Others even made
their homes from blocks
of ice.
Image of various Native American Dwellings KIDSKONNECT.COM
 Native American Dwellings
Native Americans were experts at adapting their shelter to
their environment. Read about different kinds of homes
below and try to match them to the Native American tribes
and nations! Use color codes.
The Inuit
people live in
Canada and
Alaska, where
they hunt seals
for meat and
fuel.
A Tipi has a conical
wooden frame and is
The Blackfoot
covered in bison hide.
tribe lives on
the plains,
often going on
long journeys
to hunt bison.

Adobe houses are

made of clay baked by
the sun into hard walls. The Iroquois
nation lives in
the rich
woodlands of
the
northeastern
United States.
An Igloo is made of
blocks of ice, packed
together with snow. The Pueblo
live in the
warm, dry
climate of the
Southwest,
with few trees
A longhouse is made with a but lots of sun.
wooden frames covered with
bark.

NATIVE AMERICANS WORKSHEETS KIDSKONNECT.COM

Name: ________________________________

Native American Dwellings

ANSWER KEY

The Inuit
people live in
Canada and
Alaska, where
they hunt seals
for meat and
fuel.
A Tipi has a conical
wooden frame and is
The Blackfoot
covered in bison hide.
tribe lives on
the plains,
often going on
long journeys
to hunt bison.

Adobe houses are

made of clay baked by
the sun into hard walls. The Iroquois
nation lives in
the rich
woodlands of
the
northeastern
United States.
An Igloo is made of
blocks of ice, packed
together with snow. The Pueblo
live in the
warm, dry
climate of the
Southwest,
with few trees
A longhouse is made with a but lots of sun.
wooden frame covered with
bark.

NATIVE AMERICANS WORKSHEETS KIDSKONNECT.COM

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