MTE 314

Mechanical Vibrations
Report Experiments 2

Submitted by
Yomna Emad Hamdy
(120190125)

To
Prof. Samy Assal
Eng. Ahmed Gamal

Experiment 2
1|Page
Introduction
Shifting the support will give the rod pendulum a 2 s periodic time. The pendulum must have the
following reduced pendulum length to do this. The rod pendulum's length has been reduced. The
distance rso between the support and the center of gravity can be calculated using a quadratic
equation by shortening the mass m and rearrangement.

Angular Displacements of a Small Size Make a simple harmonic motion the length of the string, not
the mass of thej ball, determines the period of a pendulum. The period of two pendulous with
different masses but the same length is the same. The period of two pendulums with differing lengths
will differ; the pendulum with the longer string will have a longer period. How many complete
oscillations do the blue and brown pendulum complete in the time it takes the longer (black)
pendulum to complete one complete oscillation?

What is the ratio of lengths for the three pendulum based on this information and the definition of the
period for a simple pendulum?

The frequency and period of the pendulum are independent of the initial angular
displacement amplitude when small angles are assumed. Regardless of the beginning
angle, a pendulum will have the same period. Regardless of the initial angle, all three
pendulums cycle through one complete oscillation in the same length of time.

Objective
Adjusting the position of the suspension point of a rod pendulum to get a required
oscillation periodic time

Calculations
The rod pendulum is to be given a periodic time of 2 s by shifting the support. To do so, the
pendulum must have the following reduced pendulum length:

Shortening the mass m and

rearrangement give a
quadratic equation for the
distance rso between support and center of gravity

2|Page
Of the two solutions, only rso = 0.0569 m can be realized, with the result that the bearing is 0.3431m
from the end.

This setting produces a periodic time of T= 2.101s in the experiment. The excessively long period
can be attributed to the additional MMI of the knife edge. The exact value for r so of 0.064 m is
obtained by way of experiment.

Steps
 Using two clamps connect the knife-edge support to the table. Place the flat surface of each
clamp against the wood surfaces to prevent them from damage.
 Measure the overall length L of the rod with a two-meter stick and a sliding caliper jaw. As
the pivot hole, choose a hole on one end of the rod. Measure the distance d between the end
of the rod and the pivot point with a vernier caliper.
 Measure the diameter of the cylindrical bob with a vernier caliper. Because the diameter of
the bob varies, take multiple measurements and average the results.
 Take apart the bob. Measure the diameter of the bolt that connects the two pieces with the
vernier caliper.
 Find the hole that is closest to the pivot hole by 10 cm. Measure the distance S (outside to
outside) between this hole and the pivot hole using the sliding caliper jaws on the meter-stick.
This hole is used to attach the bob to the rod. Hold the rod in a vertical position with the pivot
hole facing upward before tightening the bolt. After ensuring that the bolt is sitting on the
bottom of the hole, tighten it.
 Take apart the bob and calculate its mass in two halves.

Results
The knife-edge bearing is adjusted to be 0.3431 m from the end.
The pendulum is gently set in motion (deflection at bottom end roughly 10 cm) and the time is taken
for twenty oscillations were measured with a stopwatch. Average reading T20= 42.02 s
Hence for one period T= 2.101 s. This value coincides well with the calculated result; the excessively
long period can be attributed to the additional MMI of the knife-edge bearing. The exact value for r
of 0.064 m is obtained by way of an experiment
Conclusion

The period of the pendulums with differing lengths will differ; the pendulum with the longer string
will have a longer period. The length of the string is the only factor influencing the periodic time of
the pendulum, not the mass of the ball.

3|Page