Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FINAL EXAM
READING.
Shantelle Davis is a nine-year-old girl in New York. On a cold night in December, her
family is standing around the kitchen table while she lights a candle. The table is
decorated with baskets of fruit and vegetables and ears of corn for Santelle and her two
brothers.
“This candle represents umoja, an African word that means being together.” Shantelle
says, “That is the most important thing for a family.”
More than 5 million African Americans celebrate Kwanzaa every year from December 26
until January 1. It is a time when they get together with their families to think about
their history and their ancestors in Africa.
Kwanza is very unusual because it was started by one man. In 1966, an American
named Maulana Karenga wanted a holiday for African Americans to honor their culture
and traditions. So he used words and customs from Africa to create a new celebration.
He took the name Kwanzaa from the words for “first fruits” in Swahili, an African
language. At first, only a few families had celebrations. Now, there are Kwanzaa events
in schools and public places, and Kwanzaa has even spread to other countries, like
Canada and Jamaica.
The main symbol of Kwanzaa is a candleholder with seven candles, one for each of the
principles of Kwanzaa. Each night, a family member lights one of the candles and talks
about the idea it represents: being together, being yourself, helping each other, sharing,
having a goal, creating and believing. The candles are red, black, and green, the colors of
Kwanzaa. The parents also pour drinks to honor family members who have died. On
the last night of Kwanzaa, there is a big dinner with African food, and children receive
small presents.
Today, people can buy Kwanzaa greeting cards and special Kwanzaa clothes. Stores sell
Kwanzaa candles and candleholders. Some people do not believe that Kwanzaa is as
important as other holidays because it is so new. But other people say that Kwanzaa
shows what is important in people’s lives.
Candleholder: candelabro ear of corn: mazorca de maíz
Light a candle: encender una vela share: compartir
Pour drinks: servir bebidas
GRAMMAR.
used to + infinitive
Complete the sentences with used to or didn’t use to plus the verb in parentheses.
1. James _____________(drink) a lot of coffee every morning. Now he has only one
cup.
Complete the paragraph with used to or didn’t use to + the verb in parentheses.
People (1) _____________ (take) photos with cameras that used film. Now most people take
photos with their phones or a digital camera. But not so long ago it (2)________________
(be) necessary to buy a film and load it in the camera. Film was expensive, and also had
to be developed. This meant people (3) ______________ (bring) a used roll of film to store
that did developing, and they (4) _________________(wait) –sometimes hours or days for the
pictures. Photos (5)______________(not be) instant!
Underline the correct choice.
a) That is a good idea. We (should / had better) invite them to the party.
b) We can / have to get up early to catch our flight.
c) I really should / can call my mother. It’s her birthday today.
d) Lisa loves to bake cakes. She knows anything / everything about making cakes.
e) Somebody /anybody stole Mary’s cell phone!
f) A person must not / can’t drive a car without a driver’s license.
g) This passport expired. You must not / must use it again.
h) Does anybody/ anything want to do this training program?
i) Is anyone/anywhere going to the meeting?
j) Anyone/everyone is satisfied with the salary increase. No one /everyone
complained. They are all happy about it.
Fill in the comparison with as… as and complete the sentence in your own words.
Write three sentences using would rather... than. The sentences must be about a
preference you have among alternatives.
1._________________________________________
2. ________________________________________
3. ________________________________________
PASSIVE VOICE
Change the following sentences from the past active voice to the past passive
voice.
VOCABULARY
Write about your dream job. Think about the jobs you would enjoy the most and
write a paragraph about it. You can use the following words or different words to
write your paragraph:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
VOCABULARY II
Airline agent - baggage claim - boarding pass - carry-on bag. - online check-in - gate
- security check - terminal. - check in
When you get to the airport, the first thing you have to do is go to the right (1)__________.
Then, you need to find the (2) ___________desk where an (3) _______________ will help
you. They will check your passport and give you your (4) ___________________, which
has your flight information. If you have a large bag or suitcase, you have to check it there.
If you only have a (5) ________________you can take it to the plane with you. If you did
(6)___________________ you already have your boarding pass, so you can go straight to the
(7) _________________in the departure area. You will have to go through a (8)
___________________ to make sure you don’t have anything dangerous. Finally, when you
get to your destination, you can pick up your checked bag from (9). ___________________.