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14(5) 谈 冲 换热器工艺设计及计算的探讨 3
设 计 换热器工艺设计及计算的探讨
技 术
谈 冲● 东华工程科技股份有限公司 合肥 230024
摘要 介绍用图解积分法进行换热器工艺的程序化计算方法此法具有简捷、精确的优点且同时
可获得换热器内流体的温度分布数据有助于对传热机理的分析。
关键词 换热器 温度分布 传热单元数 温度交叉
换热器工艺计算分两类:一类是在已知或给
定两流体初温及终温的条件下计算传热面积
S此时除单程并流及逆流的传热方式外一
般将应用 P-R-Φ 图 [12] 的图算法:依 P (温度效
率) 及 R (热容量比) 查图得传热平均温差的 Φ
(校正系数) 后再进行传热面积的相关计算
此法虽便捷但计算结果误差颇大。另一类是在
已知或给定两流体初温及传热面积的情况下求
流体终温则可应用与不同传热型式相关的ε -
[1] -2型换热器温度分布 (未按比例)
NT U 方程 计算。首先由 NT U (传热单元数) 图1 折流1
● 谈 冲:教授级高级工程师。1952年毕业于南开大学化工系一直从事工艺设计工作。联系电话:(0551) 3626323。
4 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN 化工设计 2004
14(5)
式中Cmin 为 基 于 最 小 值 流 体 的 热 容 量 流 率; 表1 折流 (1
-2) 型换热器温度分布计算结果
初温 T1=165℃;冷流体流量 Wc =24975kg/h
平均 比 热 cpc =3∙0857kJ/ (kg·K )初 温 t1 =
3 折流 (1
-4) 型热换器
63℃;总传热系数 (视为常数) K =593∙78W/
(m2K);传热过程中无相变热损失不计。 -
实质上此型是由两台12型组成见图2。
命题1 要求将冷流体加热到127℃采用
-
单程逆流型及折流12型换热器各需多少传热面
积?
命题2 用温度分布来解释两者传热面积的
差额。
[解] 最小值流体 (是冷流体) 的热容量
流率
C min =24975×3∙0857=77065∙358kJ/ (h·K)
另一流体 (指热流体) 的热容量流率
C max =25683×3∙4876=89572∙031kJ/ (h·K)
由题意
图2 折流 (1
-4) 型换热器温度分布 (未按比例)
T1=165℃t1=63℃t2=127℃
因而 由图2可列出以下计算式:
C min KS n
T2=165- (t -t ) =109∙94℃。 t3=t30- (T0-t30) (4)
C max 2 1 4C min
KS n
采用对数平均温差42∙31℃求得单程逆流时 t4=t40+
4C min
(T0-t40) (5)
( Donghua Engineering and Science Co∙L tdHefei 230024) Describe corrosion resistant mechanics of 18
-8 austenite stainless
Introduce programmable calculation methods of heat exchanger by steeltitanium and titanium alloyzirconium and zirconium alloy
using graphic integration that has advantage of being simple and and tw o-phase stainless steel in acetic acid industryand analyze its
accuracyobtain distribution data of temperature of fluid within the characteristics and application∙
heat exchangerand contribute to heat transfer mechanism analysis∙ Key words acetic acid corrosion resistant material
Briefly introduce disadvantage of fresh synthesis gas prepared by Introduce methods and principle of piping design at inlet of flue gas
describe several w ays of optimization of hydrogen and carbon ratio of Key words catalytic cracking flue gas pipeline inlet of
Song Wei ( Pet rochemical Design Instit ute of G uangdong Prov ince
( Chemical Plant of Daqing Pet rochemical Company Daqing G uangz hou 510103)
Introduce that mixed solvent of furaldehyde and epichlorohydrin fermentation process to produce transparent hyaluronic acid ( HA )
under different temperaturelubricating oil ratios and solvent ratios is and polycarboxylate (P HAs) products etc∙and conclude commercial
used to extract lubricating oil for refining∙ It is verified in the scale-up of laboratory microbiological technology from view point of
epchlorohydrin mixed under 1 to 1 ratio in volume has great Key words microbiological fermentation commercial scale-up
advantage in refining process∙ T his double solvent can be used for transparent hyaluronic acid
furaldehydeand then viscosity of the oil can be increased by 4 to 6 MAS R100and Its Application Modularization Automatic System