Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS- VALENZUELA
Pio St., Marulas, Valenzuela City

Philippine Politics
And
Governance
Subject Area: Philippine Politics and Governance
Grade Level: Grade 12
Quarter: First
Week: 1

To the Parents/Guardians:

To the Learner:

Content Standard:

Performance Standard:

Most Essential Competencies:

Day/Lesson
Objectives Materials Activities Assessment
Number/Topic
Lesson 1:  
Day 1

Topic:
Day 2  
Topic:

Day 3  
Topic:

Day 4  
Topic:

1
Lesson 1: Day 1 Topic:

Pre-Assessment:

Activity 1

Activity 2: Concept Map

Directions:

Assessment

2
Lesson 1: Understanding the Nature of Religion Day 2 Topic: Religion Defined

Pre-Assessment: Agree or Disagree

Activity: Bar Graph Interpretation

Directions:

Activity

Assessment
Directions:

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 Lesson 1: Understanding the Nature of Religion Day 3 Topic: Religion & Spirituality

Pre-Assessment: You Decide

I believe in spirit I consider myself spiritual

because_______________ because_______________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________

EXPLORING SPIRITUALITY
A comparative analysis of major religions reveals that an important characteristic of
their belief system focuses on the longing for value in life (Parrinder 1971). For thousands of
years, people have been searching and yearning to understand the mystery of life and the
universe. There may come a point in time when an individual realizes that life is not entirely
accidental and meaningless (Parrinder 1971). This is where the concept of spirituality comes
in with the term “spiritual” being defined as “relating or affecting the human spirit or soul as
opposed to material or physical things” (Oxford Dictionaries 2014). One author points out
that it is quite common for people to say that they are “spiritual, not religious” (Grassie 2010).
Spirituality may be manifested in quite a number of ways. For example, a person may
believe in the presence of an overwhelming power greater than oneself or perhaps a person
can be fully mindful of one’s purpose in life. That person can also have a feeling of oneness
or a bond with other living beings. While spirituality is derived from the Latin word spiritus, its
verb root is spirare which means “to breathe” literally. There is an impression that people are
surrounded by a “divine reality as pervasive, intimate, necessary, and invisible as the air we
breathe” which is similar to Hindu prana and Chinese chi. (Grassie 2010).
Spirituality is something an individual can have without being implicated in the
ambivalent complexity of human societies and institutions (Grassie 2010). Thus, spirituality
can be described as one's integrative view of life and involves a quest for the meaning and
ultimate value of life as opposed to an instrumentalist or materialistic attitude to life. Hence,
one can be spiritual without being religious.

In Buddhism, Nirvana isn't a

What makes a person spiritual? place reached through death but
is instead a state achieved
through enlightenment, which
can sometimes take multiple
reincarnations

Assessment
I. Answer the following questions.
1. How does religion help explain man's existence and role in the world?
2. Do you agree that the universe is designed and created by a single divine being or
God? Explain your answer
3. How can an individual lead a spiritual life? Cite some examples.

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 II. Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
blanks provided.
Column A Column B
1. _____a belief in the existence of one God viewed as the a. theology
creative source of the human race and the world
2. _____relating or affecting the human spirit or soul that is b. agnosticism
one’s personal integrative view on
3. _____the belief that there is only one God who could
have designed and created the universe c. polytheism
4. _____the belief in many principal gods among whom no d. theism
one is supreme
5. _____the belief that there is no genuine distinction between
e. worldview
n God and the universe
6. _____denial of the existence of God f. monism
7. _____the belief that God's existence is unknown and unknowable g. monotheism
8. _____an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used h. atheism
to worship a god or a group of gods i. religion
9. _____collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by people
10. _____the systematic study of the existence and nature of the divine j. spirituality

Lesson 1: Understanding the Nature of Religion Day 4 Topic: Character Sketch

Pre-Assessment: Test Your Belief System

Directions: Read the questions below and reflect. Choose only one then explain your
answer.
1. Do you worship any type of a deity or a God or a sect leader?

2. Do you believe in the power of your own self and that you are in charge of your
destiny?

Note: If your answer is 1 then you’re religious and if number 2 you are spiritual.

ON BEING RELIGIOUS
What is the difference between being religious versus spiritual? That is the most
commonly asked question by people who are spiritually curious. Being religious means
belonging to an established religious order, whether large or small. This includes religions
with billions of followings such a Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism. And those with much
smaller group of followers such as Bahaism, Zoroastrianism and Judaism.
However, most mystical sects are also religious, as they worship the same deities
and bow to the same prophets and icons as their base religion. For example there is no
Hindu mystical tradition as a standalone expression from the massive Hinduism religion,
because those smaller sects continue to worship the same Gods, such as Krishna or Shiva
as the rest of the Hindus, the only difference is that they typically add one more icon who
happens to be their sect leader, but at their core they are just Hindus.
In short if you bow to or recognize a deity or a God, being in the form of a stone, a
picture or a statue or whether you choose to bow to an invisible God, you are not spiritual,
you are religious. All yoga groups today in the West, as long as they worship the Hindu Gods
are religious and belong to Hinduism and certainly not spiritual.
Spirituality is when you have elevated yourself from that of a slaved mind to an
empowered mind. When you are transformed from one who begs through life to one who is

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self-reliant. Spiritual people have discovered there is only one true power and that is inside
them and it doesn’t come from an old man with a beard pointing a figure.
A spiritual person knows that a simple concept that may have been acceptable to primitive
homo-sapiens of hundreds or thousands of years ago, has zero relevancy to today’s
sophisticated and much more elevated humans.
Spiritual person knows that there is only one truth and they are in fact in charge of
their own evolution and destiny. They also know that nothing is “written” and all our futures
are shaped by our desires and the power of our minds.

Activity: I Believe!
Directions: In the context of religion, list down 5 things that you believe in by completing the
following statements. What have you observed in your own belief system?

I believe in/that_______________________________________________________
I believe in/that_______________________________________________________
I believe in/that_______________________________________________________
I believe in/that_______________________________________________________
I believe in/that_______________________________________________________

Assessment
Directions: On a separate paper, copy and answer the question below.
1. Do you consider yourself religious or spiritual? Explain your
answer______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. Can a person be spiritual but not religious? Write in the box the characteristics of a
religious and spiritual person

Spiritual Person Religious Person

The three "main" gods (aka the

"trimurti" or "three forms")
worshiped by Hindus are Brahma
the creator, Vishnu the preserver,
and Shiva the destroyer. There are
also many more gods and goddesses
(“devas” and “devis”) that are also
acknowledged.

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 WEEKLY HOME LEARNING TASK
Grade 11
Week: ____1_____ Quarter:___First_____

Learning Area: Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems

Day and Time Learning Competency Learning Task

Differentiate the concept, elements a. My Religion, My
and characteristics of belief system, Reflection
world view, religion, and spirituality b. Interview
c. Definition of Key
Terms in Religion

Directions: On a separate paper, answer and do the following tasks:

A. What is your religion/belief system? Would you change your religion? If yes, what
would it be and why? If not, why? Write your answer in the cloud

B. Interview 2 members of your family or relatives (e.g. cousins, mother, siblings) and
ask the following questions:
1. Do you have a religion/belief system?
2. Do you consider yourself spiritual or religious? Why?
3. What are the things you do to make yourself religious or spiritual?
4. Do you think a person can be spiritual but not religious or religious but not
spiritual? why?
C. Define the key following terms in religion.
Key Terms
Religion
Spirituality
Worldview
Theology
Philosophy