Platform Technologies

I. Identification (Answer must be complete) (no abbreviations) (20pts)

Computer Architecture 1. is concerned with the way hardware components are connected together to
form a computer system.

Computer Organization 2. tells us how exactly all the units in the system are arranged and
interconnected.

Computer Systems 3. It is an electronic device that not only stores data but also processes and
manipulates data to carry out functions.

Secondary Storage Hardware 4. Where the computer system stores data permanently. Example: Hard
disk, Pen drive etc.

Bytes 5. The measurement of data is done in terms of what?

Operating System 6. These specialized programs allow the communication between software and
hardware.

Language Processors 7. Software that interprets computer language and translates it into machine
language such as compiler, assembler and interpreter. It also checks for errors in language syntax and
fixes the problems.

Data 8. essentially the raw facts and figures that we input in the computer.

End-Users 9. Also known as operators, they are the people who interact with the computer system.

Bus 10. is a set of wires used to interconnect the different components of the system.

II. Enumeration (20pts)

1. What are the four basic components of a computer system? explain each

 CPU (Central Processing Unit) – It is in charge of carrying out a program's instructions and
coordinating the operations of the other system components.
 Main Memory – It's where programs and their data are stored while they're executing. The CPU
cannot process a program or data until it is stored in main memory. It can't be utilized to keep
programs and data for a long time.
  Secondary Memory – This is also known as auxiliary memory, and it is where all programs and
data are permanently saved.
 I/O Devices – This is the biggest part of any computer system. Input devices, output devices, and
some devices with combined input and output capabilities make up I/O devices.

2. What are the six main types of software? Explain each

 Operating system - Operating systems control and run all other computer applications, as well as
the computer's startup process. It helps to communicate between hardware and software.
 Application Software - These are made to carry out a single task or a set of tasks. This can be
customized depending on the user or it can be readymade
 Utility Software - It helps in the maintenance and security of the computer system. A good
example of utility software is anti-virus.
 Language Processors - Compiler, assembler, and interpreter are examples of software that
interprets computer language and converts it to machine language. It also checks for and
corrects errors in language syntax.
 System Software - A software that controls the hardware, data reading, and other internal
functions.
 Connectivity Software - It's a software that makes it easier to connect a computer to a server.
This enables the computers to exchange data and communicate with one another.

3. What are the significant milestone of each computer generation? Please explain

 First Generation - Vacuum tubes were used in the earliest generation of electronic computers,
which produced a lot of heat and were bulky. Each computer had its own machine language,
which was a binary coded software that informed it how to operate.
 Second Generation - Transistorized technology has displaced vacuum tube technology. As a
result, the machines began to reduce in size. These computers were more energy efficient,
smaller, faster, and more reliable.
 Third Generation - The invention of Integrated Circuits was a defining feature of this generation.
 Circuits are a type of circuit that is used (ICs). These reduced the size of the computer even more
than the second generation and enhanced its speed once more.
 Fourth Generation - The fourth generation of computers benefited from the development of the
microprocessor, which aided in the creation of the desk and, later, lap-size computers that we
know and use today. As technology progressed, these little computers became more powerful,
and networks and the internet were born.
 Fifth Generation - Artificial intelligence's introduction (AI). AI is constantly evolving, and in the
future, it is expected to become more tailored to individual needs.

4. What are the classification of computers? explain each

  Analog computers - Data is defined in this category as a continuous measurement of a physical
property such as voltage, speed, or pressure. As a result, dial readings or graphs are obtained.
Voltage, temperature, and pressure, for example, can all be measured this way.
 Digital Computers - These are any high-speed devices that can solve issues by processing
discrete information. It works with data expressed in binary code—that is, using only the two
digits 0 and 1—including magnitudes, letters, and symbols.

III. Acronyms (10 pts)

1. ABC Atanasoff-Berry Computer

2. UNIVAC Universal Automatic Computer

3. LSI Large Scale Integration

4. ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator

5. IBM International Business Machines Corporation

Conversion (15 pts)

Convert the number below from decimal to binary to octal to hexadecimal

Binary Octal Hexadecimal

1. 79 1001111 117 4F

2. 281 100011001 431 119

3. 346 101011010 532 15A