BAB 6 : PEMBAHAGIAN SEL / CELL DIVISION

BAHAGIAN A / SECTION A
1. Rajah 1 di bawah menunjukkan satu kitar sel suatu organisma.
The diagram 1 below shows a cell cycle of an organism.

Rajah 1 / Diagram 1
(a) Berdasarkan rajah di atas, namakan fasa X dan Y.
Based on the diagram above, name phase X and Y.
X: ……………………………………………………………………….
Y: ……………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah / 2 marks]
(b) Huraikan apakah yang berlaku semasa fasa X.
Describe what happens during phase X.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[2 markah / 2 marks]
(c) Huraikan apakah yang berlaku semasa fasa Y.
Describe what happens during phase Y.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah / 2 marks]
(d) Terangkan apa akan berlaku sekiranya pembahagian sel secara mitosis berlaku secara
berterusan dan tidak terkawal.
Describe what will happen if cell division by mitosis occurs repeatedly and without control.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[2 markah / 2 marks]

2. Rajah 2 di bawah menunjukan fasa-fasa semasa proses meiosis di dalam set.

The diagram 2 below shows the phases during meiosis in a cell.

Rajah 2 / Diagram 2

(a) Huraikan perlakuan kromosom semasa fasa Q.

Describe chromosome behaviour during phase Q.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah / 2 marks]

(b) Berapakah bilangan kromosom di dalam sel gamet selepas pembahagian sel di atas
selesai?
What is the number of chromosomes in a gamete after the cell division is completed?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah / 1 mark]

(c) Berikan dua kepentingan meiosis.

Give two significances of meiosis.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[2 markah / 2 marks]

(d) Ketidaknormalan semasa meiosis boleh menyebabkan penyakit genetik seperti sindrom
Down. Terangkan pada fasa yang manakah ketidaknormalan boleh berlaku dan bagaimana.
Abnormality during meiosis can cause genetic diseases such as Down syndrome. Describe
at which phase in meiosis does this abnormality happens and how.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[3 markah / 3 marks]