4.

The Borda Count method is one where the voter ranks the candidates in order of their
preference and the winner will be based on the one who has the most preferred vote in
relation to their ranking. The procedure can be outlined as follows:
 Determine how many candidates are there in an election.
 Candidates will receive ranking points with the lowest rank getting 1 point, and each
consecutive spot on the list getting an extra point. Therefore, if there are five
candidates, the most preferred candidate is awarded with 5 points.
 Hence, where there are N candidates, the first rank gets the N points, the second N-1,
the third N-2, and so on.

The winner in the Borda method is determined as the candidate with the most points.

As an example, if there are 3 candidates, they will be ranked by the voters from 1 to 3. The
candidate to receive 3 points will have relative point of 1, hence ranking first.

5.

The Huntington-Hill method of apportionment is where assigned seats are made by the use of
geometric mean and the yield of those votes who has the minimal percentage difference. This
method is used by the United States House of Representatives. In this method, if a state’s
quotient is higher than its geometric mean, they will receive an additional seat.

For example, the arithmetic mean of 5 and 6 is 5.5. This is calculated by (5+6)/2=5.5. Hence, the
geometric mean is 5.47 calculated by (5x6)=30. Getting the square root of 30 will yiled 5.47.
Hence, if a country is comprised of 5 states, with a plan of 25 seats, then we determine the
quotient by totaling all their population and dividing it by 25. It will be then multiplied to the
individual state population which will be compred to the geometric mean, apportioning them
the appropriate number of seats.

This method is heavily reliant on the number of population of every state in order to ensure
that every individual, whether living in a big or small state, is represented.