BS 1449-1 - 1983

BS 1449:Part 1 : 1983
O B8U UDC 669.14-41 -F 669.15'74-194-41
O British Standards Institution. No part

of this publication may be photocopied
or otherwise reproduced without the
prior permission in writing of BSI.
British Standard
O Steel plate, sheet and strip

Part 1. Specification for carbon and carbon-
manganese plate, sheet and strip
Tôles e t feuillards en acier

Partie 1. Tôles e t feuillards en aciers au carbone e t aciers au carbone-manganèse- Spécifications
Eleche und Bänder aus Stahl

Teil 1, Bleche und Bänder aus Kohlenstoffstahl und Kohlenstoffmanganstahl
British Standards Institution

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards
Licensed by Information Handling Services
E S 1 BSFlI449: PARTML 83 m l b 2 4 b b 9 0072708 T m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Contents
Page Page
Foreword 1 Appendices
Committees responsible Back cover A. Nearest equivalent grades for steels in BS 4360 32
B. Product analysis and permitted variations 32
Specification C.Stress unit conv.ersions 33
Section one. General requirements D. Determination of 'r' values 34
1 .O Introduction 2
1.1 Scope 2 Tables
1-2 Definitions 2
1.3 General Tables in section one (general)
6
1.4 Steelmaking process 6 1. Symbols for material conditions 3
1.5 Chemicalcomposition 6 2. Symbols for surface finishes and surface
1.6 Freedom from defects 6 inspection 4
1.7 Condition of material on delivery 6 3. Summary of material grades, chemical
1.8 Number of tests 6 compositions and types of steel available 5
1.9 Tensile t e s t 6 4. Edge conditions 9
1. IO Bend test 7 Tables in section two (materials based on
1.1 1 Strain-age-embrittlement test 7 formability)
1.12 Test for stabilization 7
5. Chemical composition 11
1.13 Formability tests 7
6. Mechanical properties of hot rolled material 11
1.14 Hardness t e s t 8
1 .I 5 Decarburization test 7. Mechanical properties of cold rolled material
8
produced on wide mills (¡.e. rolled in
l.16 Retests 8
widths 2 600 mm) 12
1.17 Surface finish and surface inspection 8
8. Mechanical properties of cold rolled material
1 .I 8 Edge conditions 8
produced on narrow mills (¡.e. rolled in
1 .I 9 Inspection 8
widths < 600 mm andthicknesses 3 mm) 12
1.20 Tolerances on dimensions and shape 8
1.21 Marking 9. Conditions and surface finishes 13
8
Tables in section three (materials based on
Section two. Specific requirements for materials specified minimum strengths)
based on formability 10. Chemical composition: carbon-manganese
2.1 General 9 steels 14
2.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 9 11. Mechanicalproperties:carbon-manganese
2.3 Chemical composition 10 steels 15
2.4 Mechanical properties 10 12. Chemical composition: micro-alloyed steels 15
2.5 Condition of material on delivery 10 13. Mechanical properties: micro-alloyed steels 16
Note to section two. Manipulation, 13 14. Minimum internal forming radii 17
Tables in section four (narrow strip supplied in
Section three, Specific requirements for a range of conditions forheat treatment and
materials based on specified minimum strengths general engineering purposes)
3.1 General 14 15. Chemicalcomposition 19
3.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 14 16. Mechanicalproperties 20
3.3 Carbon-manganesesteels 14 17. Availability of conditions and surface finishes 22
3.4 Micro-alloyed steels 14 Tables in section five (tolerances on
3.5 Condition of material on delivery 14 dimensions and shape)
Notes to section three. Manipulation 17
18. Details of position for measurement
Section four. Specific requirements for narrow of thickness 23
strip supplied in a range of conditions for heat 19. Tolerance on nominal thickness for hot rolled
treatment and general engineering purposes material produced on wide mills (HR grades),
including products slit from wide strip 24
4.1 General 18 20. Tolerance on nominal thickness for hot rolled
4.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 18 material produced on narrow mills (HS grades) 24
4.3 Chemical composition 18 21. Tolerance on nominal thickness for cold rolled
4.4 Mechanical properties 18 material produced on wide mills (CR grades),
4.5 Condition of thematerial on delivery 18 including products slit from wide strip 25
22. Tolerance on nominal thickness for cold rolled
Section five. Tolerances on dimensions and shape
material produced on narrow mills (CS grades) 25
5.1 General 23 23. Tolerance on nominal width for hot rolled
5.2 Tolerance on thickness 23 material produced on wide continuous mills
5.3 Tolerance on width 23 (HR grades) 26
5.4 Tolerance on length 23 24. Tolerance on nominal width for cold rolled
5.5 Maximum edgecamber 23 material produced on wide continuous mills
5.6 Maximum out of squareness 23 (CR grades) 26
5.7 Maximumdeviation from flatness 23

B S I BS*k/449: PART*k/ 83 I ~
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Page Page
25. Tolerance on nominal width for hot rolled 33. Maximum deviation from flatness for material
and cold rolled material produced on narrow produced on continuous mills and not specially
mills (HS and CS grades) 27 flattened 30
26. Tolerance on nominal width for hardened and 34. Maximum deviation from flatness for material
tempered cold rolledcarbon steel narrow strip based on specified minimum strengths
(CSHT grades)with sheared edges 27 produced on wide continuous mills (HR)
27. Tolerance on nominal length for material and not specially flattened 31
produced on wide continuous mills (HR and 35. Maximum deviation from flatness for
CR grades) and supplied in cut lengths, specially flattened material rolled on wide
including products slit from wide strip 28 continuous mills (HR and CR grades) 31
28. Tolerance on nominal length for cut lengths Table in appendix B
in all widths produced on narrow mills 36. Permitted variations of product analysis from
(HS and CS grades) 28 specified range. Applicable to killed (KI steels only 32
29, Maximum edge camber for hot rolled and cold
rolled material produced on wide continuous
mills (HR and CR grades): mill edge and
sheared edge material 28 Figures
30. Maximum edge camber for hot rolled and cold 1, Bend test with the axis of the bend parallel
rolled material produced on narrow mills 7 rolling
to theofdirection
(HSand CS grades): mill edge and sheared 2. Bend t e s t with the axis of the bend at 90 o
edge material 29 direction
to the 7of rolling
31, Maximum out-of-squareness of width for hot 3. Minimum Eríchsen cupping test values (using
rolled and cold rolled material produced on wide polyethene sheet as lubricant) for materials
continuous mills (HR and CR grades) on 29 based formability 10
23 32. Maximum out-of-squareness
camber of width
Edgefor hot 4.
rolled and cold rolled narrow strip (HSand Flatness
5. 23 plateandof sheet
CS grades) in flat cut lengths 30 6. Nomogram for determination of 'r'values 35
Foreword
This Part of BS 1449, prepared under the direction of the and requirements for the various edge conditions available
(see 1.2.7 and 1.18). particularly for the narrow mill
0 Iron and Steel Standards Committee, is a complete revision
of BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1972 which is withdrawn. materials.
The revision was undertaken as a general updating The terms 'cold rolled' and 'cold reduced' have been
operation, to bring into the standard advances in technology considered as interchangeable and synonymous,as each
since the publication of the previous edition, and with term is used in certain sectors of industry. In this Part
particular recognition of the need to show more clearly of the standard, only the term 'cold rolled' has- been used,
the differences between wide and narrow mill materials. In the preparation of this Part the opportunity has been
To this latter end, the requirements for narrow mill taken to align the technical requirementswith those of
materials specifiedin sections four and five of the 1972 related international standards and Euronorms, so far as
edition have been combined in section four of the present it has been consideredto be practicable and in the best
edition. In addition, the tolerances on nominal dimensions interests of British industry.
and shape included in section one of the 1972 edition are
For material over 16 mm thick, reference should be
now covered separately in section five of the present
made to BS 4360.
edition and, again, set out clearly the differences between
wide and narrow mill materials. For materials specifically intended for springs, reference
should bemade to the Parts of BS 577Q. . .
The general method of presentation establishedin the
1972 edition has been retained. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself
Included in this edition, for the first time, are definitions confer immunity fromlegal bbligations.

1
B S I BS*144P
9 :A ß T * 1 83 1b24bb9 0072730 8 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
British Standard
Steel plate, sheet and strip

Part 1. Specification for carbon and carbon-manganese plate, sheet andstrip
Section one. General requirements 1.1 Scope

This Part of this British Standard specifies requirements for
1.0 Introduction flat rolled carbon steel products, available in the hot or cold
rolled conditions and in coil or cut length form, rolled as
1.0.1 Designation system. In this revision, symbols have
wide strip in nominal widths of 600 mm and wider, or as
been used to indicate all the conditions and surface finishes
in which the various materials are available. The meaning narrow strip in nominal widths less than 600 mm.
of these symbols is given in tables 1 and 2 and their use It covers plate, sheet and strip in nominal thicknesses up
is described below and in 2.5,3.5 and 4.5. Each of these to and including 16 mm and of the material grades,
clauses also includes a table which indicates the combina- chemical compositions and types of steel summarized in
tions of conditions and surface finishes which are available table 3.
for a particular grade of material. The contents of each section of this standard are as follows.
Attention is drawn to the fact that it is not obligatory for Section one gives definitions of the products specified,
the purchaser of a fabricated componentto specify the general requirements and information applicable to all
manufacturingmethod for the flat rolled material. However, products.
when it is necessary to specify the manufacturing method, Section two specifies requirements for low carbon steel
the symbols concerned with material conditions (see (0.20 % max.) plate, sheet and strip intended for
table 1) precede the material grade number in the following applications where formability is a major requirement.
manner:
Section three specifies requirementsfor carbon-
(a) The symbols R, B or K signifying either a rimmed, manganese and micro-alloyed steel plate, sheet and
balanced or killed steel. strip intended for use where the essential requirement
is a specified minimum strength.
(b) The symbols HR, HS, CR or CS signifying t h e type
of rolling. Section four specifies requirements for low, medium
and high carbon steels, rolled in nominal widths less
(c) The symbol SP when the materid is required In the than 600 mm, available in a range of conditions for
skin passed condition. heat treatment and general engineering purposes.
(dl Any other symbol concerned wlth material hondjtion Sectioil five specifies requirements for tolerances on
and which is appropriate to the grade being ordered jsëe dimensions and permissible deviations in shape.
the tables on availability in the appropriate sections iif
the standard). Appendix A provides a correlation of this Part of the
standard to BS 4360 by giving nearest equivalents for
Any symbols concerned with surface finish (see table 2) steels in BS 4360, based on yield stress only.
appear after the material grade number. Stress unit conversions are given in appendix C.
NOTE. The titles of the publications referredto inthis Part
Thus, material K CRSP 34/20 GP designates a killed steel of BS 1449 are listed on the inside back cover.
in the form of cold rolled, skin passed, grade 34/20 wide
strip, supplied with a general purpose finish.
1.2 Definitions
Material 34/20 GP would be used to specify this material
when the purchaser did not wish to be more precise about For the purposes of this British Standard the following
the manufacturing method, definitions apply.
NOTE, When it is required to specify an edge condition (see 1.2.7 1.2.1 f l a t products. Products of almost rectangular cross
and 1.18) it issufficientto add,after the designation of the material, section with a width much greater than the thickness.
the symbol indicating the edge condition, e.g. 'edge El '.
1.2.2 hot rolled flat products. Flat products produced
by hot rolling.
1.0.2 Summary of material grades, chemical compositions
NOTE. The very light cold rolling pass called 'skin pass' or 'dressing
and types of steel available. The material grades, chemical pass', generally resulting in a reduction in thickness of less than 5 %,
compositions and types of steel available in sections two, that is given to certain hot rolled flat products does not alter their
three and four of this standard are summarized in table 3. classification as hot rolled products.
2
0 Table 1. Symbols for material conditions (see note)
Condition Symbol Description
Rimmed steel R Low carbon steel in which deoxidation has been controlled to produce
an ingot having a rim or skin almost free from carbon and impurities,
within which is a core where the impurities are concentrated
Balanced steel B A steel in which processing has been controlled to produce an ingot
with a structure between that of a rimmed and a killed steel.
It is sometimes referred to as semi-killed steel
Killed steel K Steel that has been fully deoxidized
Hot rolled on wide mills HR Material produced by hot rolling. This will have an oxide scale
coating, unless an alternative finish is specified (see table 2)
Hot rolled on narrow mills HS
Cold rolled on wide mills CR Material produced by cold rolling to the final thickness
a Cold rolled on narrow mills CS
Normalized N Material that has been normalized as a separate operation
Annealed A Material in the annealed last condition (¡.e. which has not been
subjected to a final light cold rolling)
Skin passed SP Material that has been subjected to a final light cold rolling
~~ ~
Temper rolled Material rolled to the specified temper and qualified a5 follows:
HI H I = eighth hard
H2 H2 = quarter hard
H3 H3 = half hard
H4 H4 = three-quarters hard
H5 H5 = hard
H6 H6 = extra hard
Hardened and tempered HT Material that has been continuously hardened and tempered in
order to give the specified mechanical properties
0 NOTE. For availability see note 2 to 2.A.1, note 2 to 3.5.1 and note 1 to 4.5.1.
1.2.3 cold rolled flat products. Flat products that have 1.2.4.2 hot or cold rolledwide strip. Strip rolled in
undergone a reduction in thickness of a t least 25 % by nominal widths equal to or greater than 600 mm.
cold rolling.
NOTE. Inthe case of flat products of nominal width less than
1.2.5 hot or cold rolled sheet or plate. A flat rolled
600 mm, and for certain qualities of steel, material with a reduction product cut from hot rolled or cold rolledstrip, rolled on
of less than 25 % may be included in this category. a continuous mill withthe edges being allowed to deform
1.2.4 hot or cold rolled strip. A hot or cold rolledflat freely during rolling,supplied flat and generally square or
product which immediately after the final rolling pass is rectangular, the edges as rolled or sheared.
wound into regularly superimposed laps so as to form a According to thickness, sheet or plate is traditionally
coil with almost flat sides. classified as:
NOTE. Strip as rolled normally has slightly convex edges (mill (a) sheet: nominal thickness less than 3 mm;
edges), but it may also be supplied with sheared or other edges
(see 1.2.7) or may be obtained by slitting fromwider strip. (b) plate: nominal thickness equal to or greater than
Strip may be subsequently cut and supplied as sheet or cut 3 mm and, for the purpose of this Part of BS 1449,
lengths, or as coils of any narrower width. up to and including 16 mm,
According to i t s rolled nominal width, strip is classified
1.2.6 slit wide strip. Strip thathas been slit from wide strip.
as defined in 1.2.4.1 and 1.2.4.2.
NOTE. I t may have a nominal width less than 600 mm.
a -
1.2.4.1 hot or cold rolled narrow strip. Strip rolled in
nominal widths less than 600 mm.
NOTE. After decoiling and cutting to length, narrow strip may
1.2.7 Edge conditions (see also 1.18)
1.2.7.1 mill edge ( E l ) . The natural edge produced when
be supplied as cut lengths or in folded bundles. Thicknesses over
3 mm may be rolled in flat lengths, strip is rolled.
- ~~
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards 3

Table 2. Symbols for surface finishes and surface inspection
Symbol Description
P A hot rolled surface* from which the oxide has

been
removed by
chemical means
Mechanically descaled D A hot rolled surface* from whichthe oxide has

been
removed by
mechanical means
FF A cold rolled skin passed material havingonesurfacefree from

blemishes liable to impair the appearance of a high class paint
finish (see note 3)
General purpose finish GP A cold rolled material free from grossdefects, but of a lower
standard than FF (see note 3)
M A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled onspecially

prepared rolls as a last operation
BR A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled on rolls

having a moderately high finish. It is suitable for most requirements,
but is not recommended for decorative electroplating.
PL A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled on specially

prepared rolls to give one surface which is superior to a BR finish
and is particularly suitable for decorative electroplating
MF A surface finish having a highlustre and reflectivity. Usually

available only in narrow widths in cold rolled material
Unpolished finish UP A blue/black oxide finish; applicable to hardenedandtempered strip
Polished finish PF A bright finish havingthe appearance of a surface obtainedby fine

grinding or abrasive brushing; applicable to hardened and tempered strip
Polished andcoloured blue PB A polished finish oxidized to a controlled blue colour by further
heat treatment; applicable to hardened and tempered strip
Polished and coloured yellow PY A polished finish oxidized to a controlled yellow colour by further
heat treatment; applicable to hardened and tempered strip
Vitreous enamel VE A surface finish for vitreousenamelling of material of specially

selected chemical composition
SF Otherfinishes by agreementbetween themanufacturer and the purchaser
* A hot rolled surface suppliedin the as-rolled condition, ¡.e., a nondescaled surface; some surface defects of steelmaking or rolling origin
may be present, the proportion being greater with strip than with sheet or plate.
NOTE l . Some of these finishes are available only from wide mills, others only from narrow mills. For availability see note 3 to 2.5.1,
note 2 to 3.6.1 and note 2 to 4.6.1.
NOTE 2. By special agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, cold rolled material can be supplied to surface texture
specifications. The information to be given in statements about surface texture requirements is specified in BS 11 34 : Part l .
NOTE 3. GP and FF finishes are normally supplied with a matt appearance.
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and4Standards

Table 3. Summary of material grades, chemical compositions and typesof steel available
Section blaterial Rolled Chemical composition Types of i t e e l

no. Irade condition
(see table 1) C si Mn S P
min. max. min. max. min. max. max. max.
2 Materials havingspecific requirements based on formability (see also 2.3)
% % % % % % % %
1 HR,HS,--, - - 0.08 - - - 0.030 0.025
Extra deep drawing
0.45
aluminium-killed steel
1 -, -, CR, CS - 0.08 - - - 0.45 0.030 Oi025 Extra deep drawing aluminium-
killed stabilized steel
2 HR, HS, CR, CS - 0.08 - - - 0.030 Extra deep drawing
0.035 0.45
3 HR, HS, CR, CS - 0.10 - - - 0.50 0.040 0.040 Deep drawing
4 HR, HS, CR, CS - 0.12 - - - 0.60 0.050 0.050 Drawing or forming
14 HR, HS,-, - - 0.15 - - - 0.60 0.050 0.050 Flanging
15 HR, HS,-, - - 0.20 - - - 0.90 0.050 0.060 Commercial
Materials wing specific requilrements based on minimum strengths (see also 3.3)
Irbon-rnanganese steels
34120 HR,HS,CR,CS - 0.15 1.20 0.050 0.050 Available as rimmed (R),
37/23 HR, HS, CR,CS - 0.20 1.20 0.050 0.050 balanced (B) or killed (K)
13/25 HR, HS,-, - - 0.25 1.20 0.050 0.050 steels.
50/35 HR, HS,-, - - 0.20 1.50 0.050 0.050 Grain-refined balanced (B)
or killed (K) steel.
Microslloyed steels
40130 HR,
HS,-, CS - 0.15 1.20 0.040 0.040 Grain-refined niobium-or
13/35 HR, HS, -, CS - 0.15 1.20 0.040 0.040 titanium-treated fully killed
46/40 HR,
HS,-, CS - 0.1 5 1.20 0.040 0.040 steels having high yield
50/45 HR, HS,-, CS ~ - 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.040 strength and goodformability
50155 -, HS, -, CS - 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.040
40F30 0.12 1.20 0.035 0.030 The steels including F in
43F35 0.12 1.20 0.035 0.030 their designations in place
46 F40 0.12 1.20 0.035 0.030 of the oblique line offer
50F45 0.1 2 1.20 0.035 0.030 superior formability forthe
ôOF55 0.12 1.20 0.035 0.030 same strength levels
68F62 0.1 2 I.50 0.035 0.030
75F70 HS,-, - 0.1 2 1.50 0.035 0.030
- - --
Narrow strip supplied in a range of conditions for heat treatment and general en!
girleering purposes (see also 4.3)
- 0.60 0.050 0.050 Low carbon steel available hot

rolled, annealed, skin passed
or cold rolled to controlled
hardness ranges H I t oH6
inclusive
- -
0.60 0.90 0.045 0.045 For case hardening
12 -, HS,-, CS 0.10 0.15 - - 0.40 0.60 0.050 0.050 A range of carbon steels
17 -, HS, -, CS 0.15 0.20 - - 0.40 0.60 0.050 0.050 available in the hot rolled
20 -, HS, -, CS 0.15 0.05 0.35
0.25 1.30 1.70 0.045 0.045 or annealed condition.
22 -, HS, CS 0.20 0.25 - - O .40 0.60 O .O50 0.050
30 -, HS,-, CS 0.25 0.35 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045
- -
40 -, HS,-, CS 0.35 0.45 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045 A range of carbon steels for
50 -, HS, -, CS 0.45 0.55 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045 use in the hot rolled,
60 -, HS, -, CS 0.55 0.65 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045 normalized, annealed and
70 -, HS, -, CS 0.65 0.35 0.50 0.750.90
0.05 0.045 0.045 (except for grade 95) inthe
80 -, HS,-, CS 0.75 0.05 0.85
0.35 0.50 o .90 0.045 0.045 temper rolled (half hard)
95 -, HS, -, CS 0.90 1.O0 0.05 0.35 0.30 0.60 0.040 0.040 conditions. Grades 40 and 50
may be induction or flame
hardened and grades60,70,
80 and 95 may be supplied in
the hardened and tempered
condition

BsI BS*l449: P A R T * J 8 3 m 3 6 2 4 6 6 90 0 7 2 7 3 4 5 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
1.2.7,2 sheared edge or slit edge (E2). The edge of strip 1.6 Freedom from defects
that has been cul to size by guillotine or rotary cutters. The steel shall be free from amounts of segregation,
The burr is not eliminated.
laminations, surface flaws and other defects which are
1.2.7.3 dressed edge (E3). The edge obtained when the detrimental to appropriate processing and, where specified,
sheared, slit or mill edge has been removed to produce a the end use.
regular form, usually square or round. NOTE. Where coil is supplied, the degree or amount of surface
defects may be expected to be more than in cut lengths because
1.2.7.4 rolled round edge (E4). A rounded edge produced
of the impossibility of rejecting portions of a coil. This should
by edge rolling either the natural edge of rolled strip or be taken into account by the purchaser in his assessment of the
sheared or slit edge strip. This edge is produced when an material.
approximately round edge is desired and when the finish
of the edge is not important. 1.7 Condition of material on delivery
1.2.7.5 sheared or slit and de-burred edge (E5).An approxi- The condition of material on delivery shall be in accordance
mately square edge produced by rolling or filing sheared or with the appropriate requirements specifiedin 2.5,3.5
slit strip, for the purpose of removing the shearingor and 4.5. Unless otherwise stated on the enquiry and order
slitting burr only. (see 2.2.1(1), 3.2.1(j) and 4.2.l(m)), all materials other
1.2.7.6 rolled square edge (E6). The edge produced by than hot rolled shall be supplied with an oil or other
edge rolling to give an approximately square edge. protective coating.
NOTE. By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser a
1.3 General particular protective coating may be available.
The material shall comply'with the general requirements

1.8 Number of tests
of section one, with the appropriate specific requirements
of section two, three or four and the appropriate The manufacturer shall carry out sufficient tests in
tolerances on dimensions and permissible deviationsin accordance with the relevant clauses of this standard
shape in section five. in order to ensure that the material complies with the
NOTE. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that material requirements of this specification.
produced on narrow mills (which has the letters 'HS' or 'CS' For wide mill products and narrow mill hot-rolled products,
included in the designation) will always have different dimensional when a t e s t certificate is required (see 2.2.1 (i), 3.2.1 (h)
tolerances and sometimes different mechanical properties from
material produced on wide mills (which has the letters 'HR' or 'CR'
and 4.2.1(j)) a minimum of one t e s t of each type specified
included in the designation), References are made to the differences by the purchaser or required by the relevant material
in appropriate places in the standard but some grades are only specification in this standard shall be taken for each
available as narrow mill products (see section four). 30 tonnes or parts thereof for each item.
For products cold rolled on narrow mills, thet e s t unit shall
1.4 Steelmaking process be 5 tonnes.
Unless otherwise required and stated on the order, thesteel NOTE, A coil greater than 5 tonnes in mass may be regarded as one
test unit.
may be made by any process except that the air, and mixed
air-oxygen, bottom-blown basic converter processes shall For the purposes of this standard, a t e s t unit shall consist
not be used. of one grade and finish, of a given nominal width and
thickness, from one cast, processed as a single batch.
1.9 Tensile test

1.5 Chemicalcomposition 1.9.1 Selection of test samples. Tensile test samples shall,
1.5.1 Cast analysis. The chemical composition of the where possible, be taken from a position a t least 20 mm
steel shall be determined by cast analysis and $hail comply from the edge of the material. They shall be taken parallel
with the appropriate requirementsof sections two, three to, or at 90 o to, the direction of rolling, except in the
or four. case of material rolled on narrow mills, when they shall be
If specified onthe order, the supplier shall state on a test taken parallel to the direction of rolling.
certificate the cast analysis of the material supplied. 1.9.2 Test pieces. The appropriate test pieces shall be in
Any subsequent analytical checks shall take into considera- accordance with the requirements of BS 18 : Part 2 or
tion the heterogeneity normalto the steel (see 1.5.21,
Part 3.
and shall not be used as a basis for rejection unless the
supply of an incorrect grade is clearly indicated. 1.9.3 T'est method. The tensile strength, yield strength
and elongation, as appropriate, shall be determined in
1.5.2 Product check analysis, For materials from sections accordance with BS 18 : Part 2 or Part 3.
three and four, where killed steels are required, the per-
mitted variations on product analysis shall be in accordance Foi. the purposes of this British Standard, the yield strength
with appendix B. (R,) shall be either the lower yield stress (ReL) or the
0.5 %total elongation proof stress (Rto.=,).
Samples for product analysis shall be taken in accordance
with the requirementsof BS 1837 and, in the event of If a test piece breaks outside the middle third of the gauge
dispute, analysed in accordance with the appropriate length, the result may, a t the option of the supplier,
method of British Standards Handbook No. 19. be discarded and another t e s t made from the same material.
NOTE to 1.6.
In acceptance testing, however, the t e s t results may be
Residual elements. For special applications the purchaser, by regarded as valid, irrespective of the fracture position in
agreement with the supplier, may Set a limit to the amount of one the gauge length, if the minimum specified values are
or more residual elements and/or may require the amount of such obtained.
elements to be stated on the certificateof analysis.
6
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
1.10 Bend test (see also 2.4,3.4,4.4 and notes on 1.1 1 Strain-age-embrittlement test
manipulation in sections two and three). (see also 2.5.4 and 3.5.3)
1.10.1 Selection of t e s t samples. Bend test samples shall, 1.11.1 Selection of test samples. Where possible,
where possible, be taken from a position a t least 20 mm t e s t samples shall be taken from a position a t least 20 mm
from the edge of the material. They shall be cut so that from the edge of the material and shall be cut so that the
the axis of the bend is parallel to the direction of final axis of the bend is parallel to the direction of final rolling
rolling (see figure 1). Inthe case of material too narrow (see figure 1). In the case of material too narrow to permit
to permit this, the axis of the bend shall be a t 90 o to this, the axis of bend shall be a t 90 o to the direction of
the direction of rolling(see figure 2). rolling (see figure 2).
1.11.2 Test pieces. If the material dimensions permit,
Axisof bend
a rectangular t e s t piece of not less than 75 mm long by
25 mm wide shall be used for nominal thicknesses less
than 3 mm, and not less than 40 mm wide for nominal
thicknesses of 3 mm and over. For smaller sizes,
the maximum width obtainable shall be used.
The test pieces shall have edgesthat are rounded or
smoothed longitudinally to an approximately semi-circular
contour.
1.11.3 Test method. The test piece shall be bent cold
through 90 o over a diameter equalto three times i t s
thickness. Bending shall be about an axis a t right angles
to the length of thetest piece.
The t e s t piece shall then be heated within the range 320 OC
Figure 1, Bend t e s t with the axis of the bend parallel to to 350 OC for 15 min and cooled to room temperature in
the direction of rolling still air.
The test piece shall then be straightened by hammer blows
Axis o f bend on the apex of the bend and shall flatten without breaking.
1 '
1.12 Test for stabilization
-/ -
Rolling direction The for stabilizationshall apply to skin passed test
stabilized steels only (see paragraph 5 of note to 2.5).
A tensile test piece shall be subjected to a total strain of
10 % and the load ( P l ) required to produce this strain shall
be noted. The t e s t piece shall then be subjected to an
accelerated ageingtreatment by heating a t a nominal
temperature of 100 OC for 30 min. The t e s t piece shall
Figure 2. Bend test with the axis of the bend a t 90 o to thereafter again be strained to 10 %, calculated on the
the direction of rolling original (unstrained)gauge length, and the load ( P z )
noted.
1.10.2 Test pieces. If the material dimensions permit, The steel shall be considered stabilized i f the percentage
a rectangular t e s t piece not less than 75 mm long by 25 mm
increase in load:
wide shall be usedfor thicknesses less than 3 mm, and not pz - P1
x 100
less than 40 mm wide for thicknesses of 3 mm and over. P1
For smaller sizes, the maximum width obtainable shall does not exceed 6 %.
be used. NOTE. A 6 % increase in load corresponds to a strain-ageing
The t e s t pieces shall have edges that are rounded or index of 6.
smoothed longitudinally to an approximately semi-circular
contour. 1.13 Formability tests
1.10.3 Test method. The bend t e s t shall be carried Out in NOTE 1. Formability is normally assessed by means ofthe
elongation, as determined in the tensile test specified in 1.9,
accordance with BS 1639. The bend t e s t pieces shall be
and the modified Erichsen cupping test, as specified in 1.13.1.
bent cold through the angle and to the mandrel diameter
NOTE 2. Tests for formability vary widely and involve two maior
(both specified for the grade in the appropriate section components: stretch and draw.
Ofthis standard) by Or optionally The stretching properties are assessed by measurements such as
hammer blows'
over a former. elongation and Erichsen cupping test values.
The t e s t Piece shall be deemed to pass the t e s t if the outer Drawability requires separate consideration and the determination
convex surface is free from cracks. Occasionally it is of 'r' values, or simulative cup-draw tests, are appropriate for this
difficult to thatthematerial isaccurately following purpose. In the absence of British Standards covering these tests,
a the specified diameter and, in cases of dispute, a test

pieceshallbepushed into a block of soft material by a
former in accordance with Method 3 of BS 1639.
the test method given in appendix D may be used to determine
'r' values.
NOTE 3. Aluminium-stabilized grades CR/CS 1 are superior to
steel grades CR/CS 2 to 4 for drawing applications.

7
B S I BS*l449: PART*$ 83 m l b 2 4 b b 9 0072736 9 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
1.13.1 Modified Erichsen cupping test (see figure 3). 1.18 Edgeconditions
The modified Erichsen cupping test shall be carried out in NOTE. The availability of the edge conditions i s indicated in
accordance with BS 3855 and shall apply only to the table 4.
formability grades, included in section two, having a The following requirements shall apply to the edge
nominal thickness of up to and including 2 mm. condition specified:
The surface of the cup shall be smooth and the fracture (a) Milledges (EI). The edges of narrow strip shall be
shall not exhibit any undue directionality. The lubricant free from defects greater than 1.5 mm depth normal
for the t e s t shall be graphited grease or polyethylene to the edge.
sheet in accordance with BS 3855. In cases of dispute NOTE 1. By agreement between the manufacturer and the
the reference method shall employ polyethylene sheet purchaser, more stringent requirementsto those specified
as a lubricant. may be available.
NOTE 2. The requirements applicableto edges of wide strip
1.14 Hardnesstest should be by agreement between the manufacturer and
purchaser.
For narrow strip, unless otherwise agreed, the method for
(b) Shearededgesorslit edges (E2). It is permissible
testing shall be the Vickers hardness test, which shall be
for edges to exhibit transverse cutting marks, but they
carried out on the surface of the material, in accordance
shall show no evidence of chipped cutting tools or edge
with BS 427 : Part 1,
cracks.
NOTE 1. Attention is drawn to the recommendations for the
minimum thicknesses for test pieces, given in appendix C of (c) Dressed edges (E3). The process used to dress the
BS 427 : Part 1 : 1961. edges shall not be detrimental to the metallurgical
NOTE 2. Vickers hardness values (HV) are specified for certain structure of the strip. The strip shall not show edge
of the steels included in section four. defects.
Where a preference is stated for either Rockwell or Brinell (d) Rolled round edges (E4). The edges shall be free
hardness tests, the appropriate value shall be agreed a t from defects greater than 1.5 mm depth normal to
the time of ordering. Such t e s t s shall be carried out in the edge.
accordance with either BS 891 : Part 1 or BS 240 : Part 1
( e ) Sheared or slit and de-burrededges (E5).I t is
respectively.
permissible for edges to exhibit transverse cutting marks,
NOTE 3. The Rockwell hardness t e s t is the normal method of
testing for wide strip.
but they shall showno evidence of chipped cutting tools,
or edge cracks, burr or turn-down.
NOTE 4. There are several methodsfor testing the hardness of
flat rolled steel, but as there is no general procedure for accurately (f) Rolled square edges (E6). The edges shall be free
converting one scale of hardness to another, it is recommended from defects greater than 1.5 mm depth normal to
that such conversions should be avoided.
the edge.
1.15 Decarburizationtest
In cases of dispute, the extent of decarburization shall be 1.19 Inspection
determined by examination of a carefully prepared cross
The purchaser or his representative shall have reasonable
section of a copper-plated and normalized sample of the
access to the works of the manufacturerfor the purpose
steel strip a t a magnification of x200 diameters.
of inspection. If such inspection is to be carried out,
NOTE 1 , A British Standard method for determination of the
extent of decarburization is in course of preparation. this shall be stated when placing the order.
NOTE 2. Care should be taken to avoid additional decarburization NOTE. In continuous mill practice, all orders are subject to a
during normalizing. detailed internal system of inspection and testing.Because the
period between inspection, or testing, and despatch may be only
a few hours, it i s desirable that, whenever possible, the external
1.16 Retests inspection shoulduse the records available.
If a t e s t fails to meet the requirements of this standard,
the manufacturer may take two additional tests from
the material represented, one of which shall be from the 1.20 Tolerances on dimensions and shape
original bundle or coil. If either of these additional tests The tolerances on dimensions and shape shall be in
fails to meet the specified requirements, the material accordance with section five.
shall be deemed not to comply with the standard. NOTE. By agreement between purchaser and manufacturer
The supplier shall have the right to reprocess and resubmit other tolerances may be available.
the material for inspection and testing.
1.17 Surface finish and surface inspection 1.21 Marking

Material shall be identified. Material which i s too small for
The material shall be supplied in the as-rolledfinish or,
individual marking shall be bundled and identified by a
subject to availability as indicated in 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 and
tag or label. No supplier's brand marks (see 1.17), applied
if stated on the order, oneof the finishes given in table 2.
to the material, shall interfere with subsequent normal
Only one surface shall be inspected to the appropriate
processing. In the case of sheet and strip, the material
requirements and that surface shall be marked with the
shall be identified either by individual marking or by a
manufacturer's brand (see 1.21) unless otherwise agreed
label.
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE. By agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser,
other finishes to those specified may be available.
8
PART*^
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 4. Edge conditions

IJ) I
Material I Edge condition (see 1.2.7)
Mill Sheared or Dressed Rolled Sheared or Rolled
edge edge
slit edge round square
slit and
edge deburred edge edge
(El) (E2) (E31 (E4) (€5) (E61
Wide mill X X - - - -
Narrow mill X X X X X X
X indicates availability of edge condition.

NOTE, Edge conditions E l to E6 may not be available in all combinations of nominal
width and thickness.
Section two. Specific requirements for (j) whether test certificates are required for cast
materials based on formability analysis (see 1.5.1) and/or mechanical properties
(see 1.8 and 2.4);
2.1 General (k) whether the purchaser wishesto carry out inspection
Low carbon (0.20% max.) steel plate, sheet and strip, a t the manufacturer's works (see 1.19);
intended for applications where formability is a major (I) whether oiling or other protective coatirig-isnot'
requirement, shall comply with the requirements of this required (see 1.7);
section.
(m) any limitations onmasses and dimensions of
NOTE 1. Particular attention i s drawn to the fact that although
individual coils or bundles if applicable;
the grades specified in this section are produced on both narrow
and wide mills, the tolerances of narrow mill products (which (n) details of any special requirements, e.g. agreed
include 'HS' or ' C S in their designations) will always be different tests for drawability (see 1.13);
from those from wide mills. The fabricator should refer to the
appropriate tables to determine which will be the most suitable ( o ) whether special requirements are necessary for
material for him touse in relation to the typeof component packaging or marking (see 1.21).
that i s being formed.
NOTE 2. The combination of conditions and surface finishes, 2.2.2 Suitability for making the part
related to wide and narrow mill products, for this typeof material
NOTE, Formability requirements vary widely and it is advisable
are given in note 4 to 2.5.1 and table 9.
with the steels in this section to seek the advice of the supplier and,
i f possible, to purchase material on the understanding that it will be
2.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser suitable for a particular applicationand/or purpose.
2.2.1 General. The following information shall be given Subclause 2.2.1 (e) i s to cover such a case.
on the enquiry and order. Purchasers should pay particular When, following an enquiry, the supplier undertakesto
attention to the various options available in this standard supply steel which is suitable for forming into a particular
and included in the list below. Where no specific choice
0 is made bythe purchaser, the suppliershall select what is
appropriate, exceptthat for items (a), (b), (c) and (d)
part, the purchaser, when ordering the steel, shall add the
words 'SUITABLE FOR MAKING THE PART'after the
grade selected.
reference back to the purchaser shall be made:
In such cases, the steel supplied shall not be subject to
(a) the number of this Part of this BritishStandard, rejection if there are minor variations from the chemical
¡.e. BS 1449 : Part 1; composition andlor mechanical properties specifiedfor
(b) theform of product required, ¡.e. plate, sheet or that steel.
strip (see 1.2); 2.2.3 Grade specified by purchaser. Where a purchaser
(c) the nominal dimensions (see section five) and specifies a particular grade and 2.2.2 is not invoked,
quantity of the productrequired; then it shall be the purchaser's responsibility that the
(d) the condition,grade and surface finish of the grade will be satisfactory for his requirements.
material (see 2.2.4, 2.5.1 and 2.5.2); 2.2.4 Grade and condition by consultation. Where a
(e) if the material is to be supplied as 'SUITABLE purchaser is unqualified to select a particular material in
FOR MAKING THE PART' (see 2.2.2 and 2.2.3); terms of grade and condition, it shall be sufficient for
(f) the edge condition required (see 1.18); him to specify the requirements in 2.2.l(a), (b) and (c).
It shall then be the responsibility of the supplier, in
' (9) the application for which the material is intended,
consultation with the purchaser, to select and supply a
including thesubmission of a drawing;
grade and condition of material which will be satisfactory
*
(h) whether proof of freedom from strain-age- for the purchaser's requirements. The purchaser shall
embrittlement forgrades 2,3or 4 (see 2.5.4) is select a particular surface finish of material in accordance
required; with note 3 to 2.5.1 if so required, e.g. BS 1449 : Part 1. PL.
(i)i f the material is to be welded the welding method
to be used (see 2.5.3);

9
BSI B S k 1 4 4 9 : P A R T * L 8 3 m 1b24bb9 0072718 2
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
2.3 Chemical composition (see also1.5.1) Symbols denoting surface finish (see table 2)shall appear
The chemical composition of the materials shall be as after the grade number of the steel.
shown in table 5. Example. CSSP 3 PL signifies cold rolled skin passed
Materials CRI, H R I , CS1 and HSI shall be aluminium- grade 3 narrow strip, supplied with a finish suitable for
killed steels. Unless otherwise agreeda t the time of ordering, electroplating.
the deoxidation condition of all other grades shall be at the NOTE 2. Material conditions. The following material conditions are
available; more complete descriptionsare given in table 1 :
discretion of the manufacturer.
HR Hot rolled on wide mills
HS Hot rolled on narrow mills
2.4 Mechanicalproperties CR Cold rolled on wide mills
The mechanical properties of the materials a t the time CS Cold rolled on narrow mllls
of despatch shall be as given in tables 6, 7 and 8; SP Skin passed
A Annealed
the Erichsen cupping test values (see 1.13) shall be
NOTE 3. Surface finishes (see also 1.17). The following are
as given in figure 3.
available; more complete descriptionsare given in table 2:
NOTE, All the steels included in tables 6 to 8, other than stabilized
Material rolled on wide mills (HR, CR)
grades, may strain-age harden(see note to 2.5) and the ductility
will therefore deteriorate. P Pickled
GP Generalpurpose
FF Full finish
o.S 1.5 1.0
2.0 BR Brightfinish
13.0 PL Platingfinish
, VE
Vitreousenamel
Material rolled on narrow mills (HS, CS)
P Pickled
12.0 D Mechanically descaled
M Matt finish
-
E
BR Brightfinish
PL Plating finish
E
r
c
11.0 MF Mirror finish
c+ VEVitreous enamel
a SF Special finish
-m
c NOTE 4. Condition and surfacefinish combinations. The combina-
a
VI
r, tions of material conditions andsurface finishesthat are available in
.- 10.0
L addition to the 'as-rolled' condition are indicated in table 9. There
w
may be some limitation onthe thicknesses and widths available.
2.5.2 Cold rolled wide strip. Cold rolled wide strip is

9.0 normally supplied in the skin passed (SP) condition;
if required in the annealed (A) condition this shall be
stated on theenquiry and order (see 2.2.l(d)).
" _ Y
NOTE. In special circumstancesit is permissible for a very light
O: 5 1.0 1: 5 2.0 skin pass to be applied to annealed material by agreement between
the manufacturer and thepurchaser.
Material thickness (mm) 2.5.3 Weldability (see also 2.2.1(¡)). All grades shall be
NOTE, In the case of material in the CS condition, the modified weldable by suitable resistance welding techniques.
Erichsen cuppingtest values are for guidance only and are not NOTE, Extra precautions shouldbe exercised in the spot welding
mandatory except byspecial agreement between the manufacturer of grades 14 and 15.
and the purchaser.
If fusion welding techniquesare to be used, this shall be
Figure 3. Minimum Erichsen cuppingt e s t values (using stated on the order.
polyethylene sheet as lubricant) for materials based on
2.5.4 Strain-age-embrittlement. Grade 1 shall be free
formability (see 1.13.1)
from strain-age-embrittlement(see 1.11). Freedom from
strain-age-embrittlementfor other grades shall be by
2.5 Condition of material on delivery agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser
2.5.1 Designation (see also 1.0.1). The condition and (see 2.2.l(h)).
finish of the material shall be in accordance with the NOTE t o 2,5.
symbols included with the material grade, and given on Strain-ageing. Rimmed steel, as normally produced, strain-ages
the enquiry and order (see 2.2). when supplied in the skin passed condition and this may lead to:
The symbols, i f required, denoting material condition (a) increase in hardness:

(see table 1) shall be given before the grade number of (b) stretcher strain markings (Lüder's lines) when the material
is formed;
the steel, in the following order:
(c) deterioration in ductility.
(a) the symbol R, B or K signifying the type of steel;
Because of these factors, it is essential that the period between
(b)the symbols HR, HS, CR or CS signifying the final processing a t the mill and fabrication be kept to the minimum.
method of rolling; Rotation of stock by using the oldest material first is important.
(c) the symbols SP or A if the material is required in Stocking of these skin passed steels for extended periodsof time
should be avoided and, for optimum performance, should not
the skin passed or annealed condition respectively. exceed six weeks,
NOTE l. Attention is drawn t o the fact that it is not obligatory
for the purchaser of a fabricated componentto specify the
manufacturing methodfor the flat rolled material.
10
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Reasonable freedom from stretcher strain can be achieved in

skin passed material by effective roller levelling immediately
prior to pressing a t the customer's plant.
Complete freedom from stretcher strain and also freedom from
deterioration in ductility,due to strain-age-hardening,is achieved
by the supply of skin passed, stabilized, steels as established by
the t e s t in 1.12.
Table 5. Chemical composition
l
I
Grade Rolled Quality C Mn S P
(see notes condition max. max. max. max.
2 and 3) (see note 2 to 2.5) .
I"_ - "" -- - " .__-
% % %
1 HS
HR, Extra deep drawing
aluminium-killed steel 0.08 0.45 0.030 0.025
CR, CS Extra deep drawing aluminium
killed stabilized steel 0.08 0.45 0.030 0.025
2 HR,HS,CR, CS Extra deep drawing 0.08 0.45 0.035 0.030
3
4
14
HR,HS,
HR, HS,
CR, CS
HR, HS,* CR, CS*
Deep drawing
Drawing or forming
Flanging
0.1 o 0.50
0.60
0.60
il 0.040
0.050
0.050
0.040
0.050
0.050
15 HR, HS,
*See also section four.

L-
Commercial
" .-- - "- .. . -- . - . .- .
.
0.90
- - .. .I 0.050 0.060
".
NOTE 1. For improved atmospheric corrosion resistance, material can be supplied with a specified copper content
by special agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE 2. Steels that have receiveda decarburizing treatment are not supplied against these grades unlesspreviously
agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
NOTE 3. Steels in this section may not be suitable for case-hardening (see grade 10 in table 15).
Table 6, Mechanical properties of hot rolled material (note 1 )

I
~ "
Yield Rolled Tensile Elongation,A, min. (note 2) Bendmandreldiameter (180 o bend)

condition strength, strength,
grade
and R,, min. R,, min. Original gauge length, L ,
N/mm2
HR2, HS2
"
HR4, HS4 I
I
HR14,HS14
HR15,
I
.I
HS15
-
I(170)
I(170) i
a is the thickness of the bend test piece.
NOTE 1. The mechanical properties shown correspond to material in the despatched condition only. The strength will
increase with coldforming. Tensile properties given in brackets are for guidance only and are not mandatory unless specially
agreed a t the time ofordering. Tensile t e s t results are not normally requested for grades 3 . 4 , 14 and 15.
NOTE 2. For material of less than 2.5 mm thickness the percentage elongation i s reduced by 1 for each 0.25 mm reduction
in thickness.
NOTE 3. Elongation values measured on 200 mm gauge length are applicable to material rolled on wide mills only.
NOTE 4. The 80 mm gauge length is currently not used in the UK but, as a step towards conforming with European
practice, tentative values have been included.

11
B S I BS*:L447: PART*:L 8 3 Lb24bb9 0072720 0
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 7. Mechanical properties of cold rolled material produced on wide mills

(¡.e. rolled in widths > 600 mm) (note 1)
I TI
i I
Rolled Yield Tensile Elongation,A, min. (note 2) Bend mandrel Modified
condition strength, strength, diameter Erichsen
and grade R,, min. R,, min. Original gauge length, L, (180" bend) cupping test
200mm
80mm
50mm
(note 3)
N/mm2 % % %
280 38 (36) 29 Oa See figure 3
280 36 (34) 27 Oa for minimum
values
CR3 (140) (280) (34) (32) (25) Oa
CR4 (140) (280) - -
I I I
NOTE 1. Tensile properties given in brackets are for guidance only and are not mandatory unless
specially agreed a t the time of ordering. Tensile t e s t results are not normally requested for grades 3
and 4.
NOTE 2. For materialless than 1 .O0mm thick, the percentage elongation is reduced by 1 for each
0.25 mm reduction in thickness.
NOTE 3. The 80 mmgauge length is currently not used in UK but, as a step towards conforming with
European practice, tentative values have been included.
Table 8. Mechanical propertiesof cold rolled material produced on narrow mills

(¡.e. rolled in widths < 600 mm andthicknesses 3 mm) (see note 7)
Rolled Annealed (A) Hardness Yield Tensile Elongation, A, min. Bend mandrel
condition or skin HV strength, strength, (notes 2 and 3) diameter
and grade passed (SPI R,, min. R,, min. (180' bend)
condition max. Original gauge length, L, (note 2)
(notes 2,
5 and 6 ) (note 2 ) (note 2) 50 mm
CS1
CS2
CS3
A
SP
A
SP
A
95
105
95
1O0
1O0
N/mm2
140
140
140
140
(140)
%
38
36
(34)
36
36
j:-Oa
Oa
Oa
SP 110 (140) (34) Oa
CS4 A 105 (140) Oa
SP 115 (140) Oa
.- " " - .

NOTE 1. Tensile properties given in brackets are for guidance only and are not mandatory unless specially
agreed a t the time of ordering,
NOTE 2, Narrowstrip is supplied to comply with either the hardness and bendtests or the tensile and
bend tests but in no case with boththe hardness and tensiletests.
NOTE 3. For material less than 1 .O mm thickness, the percentage elongationis reduced by 1 for each
0.25 mm reduction in thickness. Values shouldbe agreed between the manufacturer andpurchaser for
thicknesses of less than 0.5 mm.
NOTE 4. The mechanical properties applyto material in the as-received condition only. The strength
will increase with cold forming. Due note should be made of any possibility of age hardening (see
note to 2.5).
NOTE 5. For condition SP, with plating finish (PF) or mirror finish (MF) or material which is supplied
'free from stretcher marks', the maximum hardness may be increased by 5 pointsHV or the tensile
strength by 20 N/mm2.
NOTE 6 . The hardness values for grades CS2, CS3 and CS4 apply only to rimmed steels.
NOTE 7. For material with thickness exceeding 3 mm, the mechanical propertiesare to be agreed a t
the time of ordering,
NOTE 8. The 80 mmgauge length is currently not used in the UK but, as a step towards conforming
to European practice, tentative values have been included.
12
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983'
Table 9. Conditions and surface finishes NOTE to section two.

Manipulation. Steels in this section can be formed to 90 without
Material
condition
T Surface finish of material
heating, providing that the following simple precautions are taken.
(a) The diameter of bending should be as generous as possible
and always largerthan those specified in tables 6,7 and 8.
Care should be taken to ensure that the steel accurately follows
the shape of the tool. Knife edges should be avoided.
HR The bend diameters specified in tables 6 , 7 and 8 are for
HS specially prepared test pieces (see 1.10) and conditions during
fabrication may be more severe and not be simulated by those
H RSP during laboratory testing.
HSSP (b) Bending of heavily cold-worked or flamecut edges should
CRSP be avoided. In particular, heavy shearing burr should not be
CSSP present. Burr produced during shearing or blanking should be
on the inside of the bend.
CRA
(c) Where possible, the axis of the bend should be transverse to
CSA the direction of rolling.of the steel,
X indicates availability of finish.
13
E S 1 BS*l1449: P A R T * l 8 3 W l b Z V b b 90 0 7 2 7 2 2 4 9
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Section three. Specific requirements for materials 3.3 Carbon-manganesesteels

based on specified minimum strengths 3.3.1 Chemical composition. The chemical composition
of carbon-manganese steels shall be as shown in table IO.
3.1 General
Carbon steel plate, sheet and strip intended for use where Table 10. Chemical composition:
the essential requirement is a specified minimum strength carbon-manganese steels
shall comply with the requirements of this section.
l
NOTE 1 , Particular attention is drawn to the fact that while some Grade Rolled C Mn S P
of the grades specified in this section are produced on both narrow condition max, max. max. max.
and wide mills, the tolerances on narrowmill products (which
include 'HS' and 'CS' in their designations) will always be different
from those from wide mills. The fabricator should referto the % % % %
appropriate tables to determine which will be the most suitable 34/20 HR, HS, 0.15 1.20 0.050 0.050
material for him touse in relation to the type-of component that (note 1 ) CR, CS
is being formed.
NOTE 2. The combinations ofconditions and finishes for this 37/23 HR, HS, 0.20 1.20 0.050 0.050
type of material are given in note 2 to 3.5.1. (note 1) CR, CS
43/25 HR, HS 0.25 1.20 0.050 0.050
3.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The following information shall be given on the enquiry
and order. Purchasers should pay particular attention to
(note 1 )
50135
(note 2)
HR, HS 0.20 1.50 i 0.050 0.050
the various options available in this standard and included ___
in the list below, Where no specific choice is made by the NOTE 1 , Grades 34/20,37/23 and 43/25 are supplied as either
purchaser, the supplier shall select what is appropriate, rimmed ( R ) , balanced (B), or killed (KI. Should a particular
except that for items (a), (b), (c) and (d) reference back deoxidation condition be required, it has to be specified on the
enquiry and order (see 3.2(d)) by using the appropriate prefix
to the purchaser shall be made:
(see 3.5.1 1.
(a) the number of this Part of this British Standard, NCTE 2. Grade 50/35 is supplied as a balanced or killed steel and
¡.e. BS 1449 : Part 1 ; may also contain micro-alloying additions.
(b) the form of product required, ¡.e. plate, sheet or NOTE 3. For improved atmospheric corrosionresistance,
strip (see 1.2); these grades may be supplied with a specified minimum copper
content, by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.
(c) the nominal dimensions (see section five) and
quantity of the product required; 3.3.2 Mechanical properties. The mechanical properties
(d) the type of steel (see note 1 to table IO), the of the carbon-manganese steels in the as-rolled condition
condition, the grade and surface finish of the material shall be as specified in table 11. (See also 1.9 and 1.10.)
(see 3.5.1);
3.4 Micro-alloyed steels
(e) the edge condition required (see 1.18);
3.4.1 Chemical composition. The chemical composition
( f ) the application for which the material is intended, of micro-alloyed steels shall be as shown in table 12.
including the submission of a drawing;
NOTE, The specified mechanical properties(see 3.4-2) are a
(9) whether proof of freedom from strain-age- function of thickness andprocessing as well as chemical
embrittlement is required and if so, the method of composition.
test to be used (see 3.5.3);
3.4.2 Mechanical properties (see also 1.9 and 1.IO).
(h) whether t e s t certificates are required for cast The mechanical properties of the micro-alloyed steels in
analysis and/or mechanical properties; the as-rolled condition shall be as specified in table 13.
(i)whether the purchaser wishes to carry out inspection
a t the manufacturer's works (see 1.19); 3.5 Condition of material on delivery
(j) whether oiling or other protective coating is not 3.5.1 Designation (see also 1.0.1). The condition and
required (see 1.7); finish of the material shall be in accordance with the
(k) limitations on masses and dimensions of individual symbols included with the material grade and given on
coils and bundles, if applicable; the enquiry and order (see 3.2(d)).
(I) details of any special requirements;
(m) whether special requirements are necessary for
packaging or marking (see 1.21).
14 Standards
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and
B S T BS*t1449: P A R T 8 1 8 3 W 3b24667 0 0 7 2 7 2 3 b M
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 11. Mechanical properties: carbon-manganese steels

Grade Rolled Yield Tensile Bend mandrel
condition strength, strength, diameter
(see note 1 ) R,, min. R,, min (180 o bend)
N/mm2 N/mm2
50 mm
%
I
200 mm
%
(see notes
2 and 3)
34/20 HR,HS, CR, CS 200 340 29 2a 21

37/23 HR,HS, CR, CS 230 370 28 20 2a
HS
43/25 HR, 250 430 16 3a
50135 HR, HS 350 500 12 3a

NOTE 1, The properties of HS materials are only applicable up to and including 8 mm. For material thicker
than 8 mm, the properties are to be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
NOTE 2. In the case of grades 34/20and 37/23,for steel 3 mm thickand over, the bend test requirement is
for a mandrel diameter of 3a.For special applications, these grades together with grades 43/25and 50/35
may be ordered with a bend test requirement of a mandrel diameter of 2a.
NOTE 3.The bend test requirements quoted in this table are for specially preparedtest pieces (see 1.10.2);
conditions during fabricationmay be more severe and not be simulated by those during laboratorytesting
(see note, 'Manipulation', to section three andtable 14).
NOTE 4.The 80 mm gauge length is currently not used in UK but, as a step towards conforming with
European practice,tentative values have been included.
The symbols, if required, denoting material condition Table 12. Chemical composition:
(see table 1 and note 2 to 3.5.1) shall be given before the micro-alloyed steels
grade number of the steel, in the following order:
(a) the symbol R, B or K signifying the type of steel; Grade Rolled C Mn P
(see condition max.
(b) the symbols HR, HS, CR or CS,signifying the note 1)
method of rolling.
NOTE 1, Attention is drawn to the fact that it is not obligatory % %
for the purchaser of a fabricated component to specify the
manufacturing method for the flat rolled product. 40130 HR, HS, CS 0.1 5 1.20 0.040 0.040
43/35 HR, HS, CS 0.15 1.20 0.040 0.040
In this section the grade number shall indicate,
respectively, minimum tensile strength/minimum yield 46/40 HR, HS, CS 0.1 5 1.20 0.040 0.040
strength in N/mm2 x IO" (see the example below). 50145 H R, HS, CS 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.040
A letter F in place of the oblique line, e.g. 40F30, 60165 - HS, CS 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.040
shall denote steels which offer superior formability for
the same strength levels as the corresponding steels in 40F30 HR, HS, CS 0.1 2 1.20 0.030 0.030
the upper part of table 13. 43F35 HR, HS, CS 0.1 2 1.20 0.030 0.030
Symbols denoting surface finish shall appear after the 46F40 HR, HS, CS 0.1 2 1.20 0.030 0.030
grade number of the steel. 50F45 HR, HS, CS ' 0.12 1.20 0.030 0.030
Example. HR37/23P signifies a hot rolled wide material 60F55 - HS, CS 0.1 2 1.20 0.030 0.030
having a specified minimum tensile strength andyield 68F62 - HS - 0.1 2 1.50 0.030 0.030
strength of 370 N/mm2 and 230 N/mm2 respectively, 75F70 - HS -- 0.1 2 1.50 0.030 0.030
supplied with a pickled finish.
NOTE 2. Conditions and surfacefinish. The following material NOTE 1. These grades are fine-grained, fully killed steels containing
conditions are available; more complete descriptions are given in additions of micro-alloying elements such as Nb and Ti. The rnanu-
table 1 and table 2: facturer, at his option, may also addcertain elements, e.g. Ca,
Ce and Zr, in order to modifythe shape of the sulphide inclusions
HR Hot rolled on wide mills. Also available pickled (P). to achieve the high degree of formability offered by these steels,
HS Hot rolled on narrow mills. Also available pickled (P). particularly the F series (see note 2).
CR Cold tolled on wide mills. Grades 34/20and 37/23are
available as general purposeonly (GP). NOTE 2. The steels including F intheir designation offer superior
CS Cold rolled on narrow mills. These steels are normally formability forthe same strength levels as the corresponding steels
supplied with a bright finish (BR). in the upper part of the table.
NOTE 3. For improved atmospheric corrosion resistance,
these grades may be supplied with a specified minimum copper
content by agreement betweenmanufacturer and purchaser.

~. ~.
B S I BS*LY49: PART*$ 8 3 L624669

0072724 19 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
3.5.2 Weldability. All the grades specified in tables 10 3.5.3 Strain-age-ernbrittlernent. Where proof of freedom
and 12 shall be weldable provided that the welding from strain-age-embrittlement is required (see 3.2(g)),
techniques employedmake allowance for composition the method of test shall be agreed between the
and thickness. See BS 693, BS 1140, BS 2630, ES 5135 manufacturer andthe purchaser, as the t e s t defined in 1.11
and BS 6265. may not be appropriate to all the steels in this section.
Table 13, Mechanical properties: micro-alloyed steels

-I
Rolled Yield Tensile Elongation, A , min. Bend mandrel
condition strength, strength, diameter
(see note 1) R,, min. R,, min. (180 o bend)
(see note 2 - (see note 3)
50 mm
%
I *Oornrn I
N/mm2 N/mm2
40130 HR, HS, CS 300 400 26
43135 HR, HS, CS 350 430 23
46140 HR, HS, CS 400 460 20 3a
50145 HR, HS,CS 450 500 20 3a
60155 -, HS, CS 550 600 17 10 3.5a
40F30 HR, HS, CS 300 400 28 20 Oa

43F35 HR, HS, CS 350 430 25 18 0.5a
46F40 HR, HS, CS 400 460 22 14 la
50F45 HR, HS, CS 450 500 22 14 1.5a
60F55 -, HS, CS 550 600 19 11 1.5a
68F62 -, HS - 620 680 18 10 2a
75F70 -, HS - 700 750 15 8 3a
a is the thicknessof the bend test oíece.

NOTE 1 . The properties of HS materials are only applicable upto and including 8 mm. For material
thicker than8 mm, the propertiesare to be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
NOTE 2. A specific range for the yield strength of any particular grade and thickness may be agreed
between manufacturer andpurchaser a t the time of ordering,
NOTE 3. The bend test requirements quotedin this table are for specially preparedtest pieces
(see 1.10); conditions during fabrication may be more severe and not simulate those during laboratory
testing (see note, 'Manipulation', to section three and table14).
NOTE 4. The 80 mm gauge length is currently not used in the UK but, as a step towards conforming
with European practice, tentativevalues have been included,
16
B S I BS*b449: PART*& 8 3 - 3 b 2 4 b b 9 007E!?E!$- T m~
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 14. Minimum internal forming radii
Grade Material thickness
> 4 m r n t o t 6>m6m
mmto<9mm >9mm
Rolled Rolled Rolled Rolled

condition condition condition condition
Minimum internal forming radii
34/20
37/23
43/25
50135
40f30
43/35
46/40
50f45
60155
40F30
43F35
46F40
50F45
60F55
68F62
75F70
a is the thickness of the material.
NOTE to section three.

Manipulation. In general, steels in this section can be formed to 90o without heating, provided
the followingprecautions are taken:
(a) The radiusof bending should be as generous as possible and care should be taken to
ensure that the steel accurately follows theshape of the tool. Knifeedges should be avoided.
(b)Bending of heavily cold-worked or flame-cut edges should be avoided. In particular,
heavy shearingburr should not be present. Burr produced by shearing or blankingshould be
on the inside of the bend.
(c) Where possible the axis of the bend should be transverse to the rolling direction of the
steel.
Table 14 lists the recommended minimum internal forming radiifor typical cold forming
practice.

BSI B S * L 4 4 7 : P A R T * $ 83 M hb24bb70072726 L M
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Section four, Specific requirements for narrow 4.4 Mechanicalproperties

strip supplied in a range of conditions for heat The mechanical properties of the materials shall be as
treatment and general engineering purposes shown in table 16. The material shall be supplied to
comply with either the hardness and bend tests, or the
4.1 General tensile and bend tests, but in no case with both the
Low, medium and high carbon steels, rolled in widths of hardness and tensile tests.
less than 600 mm, available in a variety of tempers and
other conditions, shall comply with the requirements of 4.5 Condition of the material on delivery
this section. 4.5.1 Designation (see also 1.0.1). The condition and
finish of the material shall be in accordance with the
4.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser symbols included with the material grade and given on the
The following information shall be given on the enquiry enquiry/order (see 4.2(d)).
and order, Purchasers should pay particular attention to The symbols, if required, denoting material condition
the various options available in this standard and included shall be given before the grade number of the steel,
in the list below. Where no specific choice i s made by the in the following order:
purchaser, the supplier shall select what is appropriate, (a) the symbols R (rimmed), B (balanced) or K (killed)
except that for items (a), (b), (c) and (d) reference back signifying the type of steel: applicable only to material
to the purchaser shall be made: grades 4, 12, 17 and 22;
(a) the number of this Part of this British Standard, (b) the symbols HS (hot rolled narrow) or CS (cold
¡.e. BS 1449 : Part 1; rolled narrow) signifying the method of rolling;
(b) the form of product required, ¡.e. plate, sheet or (c) a symbol identifying any other material condition.
strip (see 1.21:
Symbols denoting surface finish shall appear after the
(c) the nominal dimensions (see section five) and
grade number of the steel; thus, CSHT 70 PF signifies cold
quantity of the product required;
rolled, hardened and tempered, grade 70 strip, supplied
(d) the type of steel (see note 1 to table 15), grade with a polished finish and CSH3 10 BR signifies cold
condition and surface finish of material (see 4.5) rolled, half hard, grade 10 strip supplied with a bright
required; finish.
(e) the edge condition required (see 1.18);
NOTE 1. Conditions of material. The following material conditions
(f) the application for which the product is intended, are available; more complete descriptions are given in table 1 :
including the submission of a drawing; HS Hot rolled on narrow strip mills
(9) whether tensile and bend, or hardness and bend, CS Cold rolled on narrow strip mills
requirements are to be met (see 4.4); SP Skin passed
Normalized
N
(h) whether details of cast analysis are required; A Annealed
H I Eighth hard
(i)whether the material is to be free from strain-age- H2 Quarter hard
embrittlement (normally applicable to grades 4, 12, H3 Halfhard
17 and 22 only); H4 Threequartershard
H 5 Hard
(i) whether t e s t certificates are required for cast analysis H6 Extra hard
and/or mechanical properties; HT Hardened and tempered
(k) if grades 60, 70, 80 or 95 are being ordered, NOTE 2. Surface finishes. The following surface finishes are
the hardness range required (see note 6 to table 16); available; more complete descriptions are given in table 2:
P Pickled finish
( I ) whether the purchaser wishes to carry out inspection M Matt finish
a t the manufacturer's works(see 1.19); BR Bright finish
(m) whether oiling or any other protective coating is PL Plating finish
MF Mirror finish
not required (see 1.7); SF Special finish
(n) details of special requirements such as decarburiza- UP Unpolished finish
tion limits (see 4.5.2) or grain size control; PF Polished finish
PY Polished and coloured yellow
(o) limitations on masses and dimensions of individual PB Polished and coloured blue
coils or bundles if applicable; NOTE 3. Conditions/finish combinations. The combinations of
(P) whether special requirements are necessary for material conditions and surface finishes that are available, in
addition to the as-rolled condition, are indicated in table 17. There
packaging or marking (see 1.21); may be some limitations on the nominal thicknesses and the widths
(4) if a special heat treatment is to be used, specific available.
information on the process should be given.
4.5.2 Decarburization (not applicable to grades 4,IO,
4.3 Chemicalcomposition 12, 17, 20 and 22)
The chemical compositions of the materials shall be as 4.5.2.1 Grades 30 and 40.When requested, the extent
shown in table 15. and nature of the normal slight decarburizationshall be
NOTE. The cast identity of grade 4 is not normally maintained.
agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and18

Standards
BSI BS*(1449: P A R T * & 8 3 m LbF'4hbS 9 0 7 2 7 2 7 ~3 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
4.5.2.2 Grades 50,60, 70,80and 95. Decarburization greater than 3 % of the nominal thickness of the mate'rial,
@ should be minimal and, whenspecially requested, complete
PIUSpartial decarburization, as indicated by the proportion
a t a distance of not less than 20 mmfrom the edge.
NOTE. In certain CS conditions, material free from total
of ferrite, shall not extend to a depth below the surface decarburization* may be available by arrangement between
purchaser and supplier.
I-
Table 15. Chemical composition
Grade lRolled
Icondition
Type of steel T- c . Tsi T Mn
TS P
5
min. max. min. max. min. max.. max. max.
% XI % % % % % %
4 HS CS Mild steel - 0.1 2 - - - 0.60 0.050 0.050
10 HS CS Case hardening 0.08 0.1 5 0.1 o 0.35 0.60 0.90 0.045 0.045
12 HS CS '1 2' carbon 0.1 o 0.1 5 - - 0.40 0.60 0.050 0.050
17 HS CS '1 7' carbon 0.1 5 0.20 - - 0.40 0.60 0.050 0.050
20 HS CS '20' carbon 0.1 5 0.25 0.05 0.35 1.30 1.70 0.045 0.045
e 22
30
40
HS
HS
HS
CS
CS
CS
'22' carbon
'30' carbon
'40' carbon
0.20
0.25
0.35
0.25
0.35
0.45
-
0.05
0.05
-
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.90
0.90
0.050
0.045
0.045
0.050
0.045
0.045
50 HS CS '50' carbon 0.45 0.55 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045
60 HS CS '60' carbon 0.55 0.65 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045
70 HS CS '70' carbon 0.65 0.75 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045
80 HS CS '80' carbon 0.75 0.85 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.90 0.045 0.045
95 HS CS '95' carbon 0.90 1.o0 0.05 0.35 0.30 0.60 0.040 0.040
NOTE l . Unless otherwise agreeda t the time of ordering, the deoxidation conditionfor grade 4 is a t the discretion of the
manufecturer. Grades 12, 17 and 22 are available as rimming, balanced or killed steels and any preference should be indicated
by employing the appropriate prefix to the grade (see 4.5.1). Grades 10, 20,30,40, 50,60,70, 80 and 95 are all killed steels.
NOTE 2. For grades 30 to 95 inclusive the purchaser may order to restricted ranges of carbon and manganese within the ranges
specified in the table. For steels containing up to and including 0.85 % C, the minimumcarbon range i s 0.05 % (eus.0.40/0.45 % C).
Above 0.85 % carbon the minimum carbon range is 0.07 % (e.!. 0.93/1 .O0 % C). These steel types may also be orderedwith a
restricted manganese range of 0.20 % (e.g. 0.60/0.80% Mn) when this is required for special applications.
NOTE 3. The purchaser may order to specified lower maxima for sulphur and phosphorusby arrangement with the supplier.
NOTE 4. The analysiso f the product may vary from the chemical composition, specified in the table for the appropriate grade,
by the variations given in appendix B. This does not apply to rimmed ( R ) or balanced (B)steels, which may show wider
variations than those given in appendix B.
NOTE 5. Where case hardening is to be carried out, a silicon-killed, aluminium-free steel is more suitable.
i;-
Q
*Total depth of decarburization = complete (where present) + partial decarburization.

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B S I B S * l 1 4 4 9 : P A R T * i 83 W Lb24bb9 0072730 3 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 17. Availability of conditions and surface finishes
X indicates availability of surface finish.
22
L
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Section five. Tolerances on dimensions and shape resheared material shall be in accordance with those given
in table 23.
5.1 General
The material shall comply with the dimensional tolerances 5.4 Tolerance on length
given in tables 19to 34 inclusive. The variation in length of flat cut lengths shall not exceed
NOTE. The tables are so presented that the differences between the tolerances given in tables 27 and 28. Tolerances on
wide mill (HR and CR) and narrow mill (HS and CS) products length for resheared material shall be in accordance with
may readily be seen. those given in tables 27 and 28.
5.2 Tolerance on thickness 5.5 Maximum edge camber (see figure 4)
5.2.1 The thickness of material shall be measured a t a The edge camber (¡.e. lateral departureof the edge of the
position that complies with the appropriate requirements material from a straight line forming a chord) shall not
of table 18. exceed the values given in tables 29 and 30.
Table 18. Details of position for measurement i
of thickness
*
Nominal width of ordered material Details of position
for measurement
Up to and including 75 Not less than 10 %

of the ordered width
from the edge t
Over 75 up toand including 600 Not less than 10 mm Plan
from the edge
W is the width
Over 600 (sheared or Not less than 15 mm L is the length
slit edge (E211 from the edge C is the edge camber
Over 600 (mill edge (El)) Not less than 25 mm
from the edge Figure 4. Edge camber (see 5.5)
5.2.2 The variation in thickness of hot rolled material 5.6 Maximum out-of-squareness
(HR grades) produced on wide strip mills, including The out-of-squareness (¡.e. the greatest deviation of an
products slit from wide strip, shall be in accordance with end edge from a straight line at right angles to a side and
the tolerances given in table 19. touching one corner) of material shall not exceed the
5.2.3 The variation in thickness of hot rolled material tolerances given in tables 31 and 32. Tolerances for out-
(HS grades) produced on narrow strip mills shall be in of-squareness for resquared material shall be in accordance
accordance with the tolerances given in table 20. with those given in table 32.
The variation in thickness across the width shall not exceed
half the total tolerance given in table 20. This thickness 5.7 Maximum deviation from flatness
variation of 'crown' shall be within the overall thickness 5.7.1 General, The deviation from flatness of the product
tolerances as given in table 20. shall not exceed the values given in tables 33,34 and 35.
5.2.4 The variation in thickness of cold rolled material 5.7.2 Determination of flatness. Flatness shall be
(CR grades) produced on wide strip mills, including determined by resting the material, with the convex side
products slit from wide strip, shall be in accordance uppermost, on a f l a t surface. The material shall not rise
with the tolerances given in table 21. above the flat table by more than the maximum deviations
5.2.5 The variation in thickness of cold rolled material given in 5.7.3 and 5.7.4, plus the thickness of material
(CS grades) produced on narrow strip mills shall be in (see figure 5).
accordance with the tolerances given in table 22.
The variation in thickness across the width shall not exceed L C L :
half the total tolerance given in table 22. This thickness I
variation or 'crown' shall be within the overall thickness
tolerances as given in table 22.
5.2.6 The variation in thickness of hot rolled plate
produced on wide non-continuous mills shall be in
accordance with the requirements of BS 4360.
5.3 Tolerance on width W is the width

The variation in the width of hotrolled material and cold L is the length
0 rolled materialshall be in accordance with the tolerances
given in tables 23,34, 25 and 26. Tolerances on width for
F is the deviation from flatness
Figure 5. Flatness of sheet and plate (see 5.7.2)

23
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
If strip is required to be specially flat across the width, 5.7.4 Products rolled on narrow continuous mills (HS and
the maximum deviation from flatness and the method of CS grades), flattened and cut to length. For products of
measurement shall be agreed between manufacturer and nominal length 2000 mm, the deviation from flatness
purchaser a t the time of ordering. shall not exceed 10 mm plus the thicknessof the strip.
NOTE 1, Material that has been rotary sheared as a final operation NOTE, These maximum deviationsfrom flatness do not apply to
tends to have a slight bow across the width. material supplied in coil form.
NOTE 2. If strip is required specially fiat across the width, For products of nominal lengths other than 2000 mm,
this condition may be produced by further cold rolling after
shearing.
the permitted maximum deviations shall be agreed between
manufacturer and purchaser a t the time of ordering.
5.7.3 Products rolled on wide continuous mills (HR and
CR grades). The deviation from flatness shall not exceed
the values given in tables 33 and 34, for material not
specially flattened, and table 35,for material specially
flattened.
Table 19. Tolerance on nominal thickness for hot Table 20. Tolerance on nominal
rolled material produced on wide mills (HR grades), thickness for hot rolled
including productsslit from wide strip material produced on
narrow mills (HS grades)
Nominal
Tolerance on nominal
thickness (note
2)
thickness
Nominal width on nominal
Over Up to and < 1200 mm > 1200 > 1500 including
including < 1500 mm 1830 mm
mm
mm mm mm mm
- 1.2 4 0.08
1.2 1.6 i: 0.13 i: 0.17 rt: 0.1 8
1.2 2.0 i: 0.1 o
1.6 2.0 i: 0.14 i: 0.18 rt: 0.1 9
2.0 2.5 i: 0.12
2.0 2.5 i: 0.1 5 i: 0.22 rt 0.24
2.5 3.0 rt: 0.1 3
2.5 3.0 4 0.18 rt: 0.23 rt: 0.25
3.0 5.0 i: 0.1 5
3.0 4.0 i: 0.22. k 0.24 -t. 0.26
5.0 8.0 i: 0.1 8
4.0 5.0 f 0.24 4 0.26 i: 0.28 I I
5.0 6.0 i: 0.26 i: 0.28 i: 0.29 NOTE 1, If thickness i s specified as

6.0 8.0 4 0.29 rt: 0.30 f 0.31 a minimum with tolerances all +,
8.0 10,o i: 0.32 rt: 0.33 4 0.33 the permitted variation is equal to
the total tolerance. For example,
10.0 13.0 4 0.35 i: 0.36 i: 0.36 a specified minimum thickness of
13.0 16.0 (note 4) (note 4) (note 4) 2.30 mm permits -0, +O24 mm and
the nominal thicknesswould be
NOTE 1 The values in this table apply only to steel grades having a
I
2.42 mm. However, where, as a
specified minimum yieldstrength up to and including 350 N/mmz. result, the nominal thickness then
For steel grades having a specified minimum yieldstrength exceed- fails with the next higher range for
ing 350 N/mm2 the values in the teble are increased by 10 %. nominal thickness, the tolerances
for the higher range apply; ¡.e. if a
NOTE.2. If thicknessisspecifiedasa minimum with tolerances all +, minimum thickness of 2.40 mm is
the permitted variation is equal to the total tolerance. For example, ordered, the tolerance rangewould
a specified minimum thickness of 2.60 mm permits -0,+0.36 mm be -0,+0.26 mm and the nominal
(for material 1200 mm wide) and the nominal thickness would thickness would be 2.53 mm.
be 2.78 mm. However, where, as a result, the nominal thickness
then falls within the next higher rangefor nominal thicknesses, NOTE 2. The above tolerances do
the tolerancesfor the higher range apply; ¡.e. if a minimum thickness not apply t o the uncroppedends
of 2.90 mm i s ordered, the tolerance rangewould be -0,+0.44 mm of material havinga mill edge.
(products < 1200 mm wide) and the nominal thicknesswould be
3.12 mm.
NOTE 3. The tolerances in table 19 do not apply t o the uncropped
ends of material havinga mili edge.
NOTE 4, For widestrip over 13 mm up to and including 16 mm
in nominal thickness the tolerancesare by agreement between the
manufacturer andpurchaser.
NOTE 5. For patterned floor plate produced ona wide mill the
thickness tolerancesare increased by 25 %, eng.for strip of nominal
width 1250 mm andof nominal thickness 6 mm the tolerance
would be i 0.35 (instead of i 0.28).
24
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 21. Tolerance on nominal thickness for cold Table 22. Tolerance on nominal thickness for
rolled material produced on wide mills (CR grades), cold rolled material produced on narrow mills
including productsslit from wide strip (CS grades)
~~
Nominal Tolerance
nominal
on thickness Nominal thickness
Tolerances onnominal thickness
thickness
I Nominal width Over Up t o and Nominal width
Over Up to and
including
1200 mm > 1200
Q 1500 mm
mm > 1500
1830 mm
including
Q 250 mm
Normal Fine
r > 250 Q 600 mm
Normal Fine
mm mm mm
-
- 0.40 f 0.045 f 0.055 - mm mm mm. mm mm mm
0.40 0.60 f 0.050 f 0.060 - - 0.16 f 0.015 rt. 0.01 1 f 0.020 f 0.01 5
0.60 0.80 . f 0.050 f 0.065 f 0.075 0.160.40 f 0.025 f 0.01 9 f 0.030 f 0.023
0.80 1 .o0 0.065 f 0.075 f 0.090 0.400.60 f 0.030 f 0.023 f 0.035 f 0.026
1 .o0 1.20
+_
f 0.075 f 0.090 f 0.1O0 0.60 0.80 f 0.035 f 0.026 * 0.040 f 0.030

1.20 1.60 f 0.1O0 * 0.120 f 0.1 25 0.801.00
1.00
1.20
f 0.035
f 0.040
f 0.026
f 0.030
f 0.045
f 0.050
f 0.034
1.60 2.00 f 0.125 f o. 40 f 0.1 50 f 0.038
2.00 2.50 f 0.150 f o. 60 f 0.180 1.201,60 f 0.045 f 0.034 f 0.055 f 0.040
2.50 3.00 f 0.1
50 f o. 80 f 0.1 80 1.602.00 f 0.045 f 0.034 f 0.055 f 0.040
3.00 3.25 f 0.160 f o. 90 - 2.002.50 f 0.050 f 0.038 f 0.060 f 0.045
2.50
3.00 f 0.050 - f 0.060 -
3.00
6.00 f 0.075 - * 0.090 -
I
NOTE. If thickness is specified as a minimum with tolerances all +,
13.00
6.00
f0.125 - f 0.170
NOTE 1. If thickness is specified as a minimum with tolerances

-
the permitted variationis equal to the total tolerance. all t,the permitted variationis equal to the total tolerance.
For example, a specified minimum thickness of 2.60 mm permits For example, a specified minimum thickness of 2.30 mm permits
-0,+0.30 mm (for material Q 1200 mm wide) and the nominal a normal tolerance of -0,+0.1 O mm (for material Q 250 mm wide)
thickness would be 2.75 mm. However where, as a result, and the nominalthickness would be 2.35 mm. However where,
the nominal thickness then falls within the next higher range for as a result, the nominal thickness then falls within the next higher
nominal thicknesses, the tolerances for the higher range apply; range for nominal thicknesses, the tolerances for the higher range
¡.e. i f a minimum thickness of 1.90 mm is ordered, the tolerance apply; ¡.e. if a minimum thickness of 5.95 mm is ordered, the normal,
range would be -0. +0.30 mm (products Q 1200 mmwide) and tolerance range would be -0,+0.25 mm (products Q 250 mm wide)
the nominal thickness would be 2.05 mm. and the nominal thickness would be 6.075 mm.
NOTE 2. Where no values are given in the table, the material i s
not norrnally available. However, when material is obtainable,
the tolerances are by special arrangement betweenthe manufacturer
and the purchaser.
NOTE 3. Steels containing carbon above 0.35 % are normally only
available in thicknesses up to 2.50 mm inclusive. Above this
thickness, tolerances areby arrangement between supplier and
purchaser.

BSI B S X L 4 4 7 : P A R T * $ 8 3 m 1 6 2 4 6 6 7 0072734 O
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 23. Tolerance on nominal width for hot rolled material produced
on wide continuous mills (HR grades)
Type of Nominal width Nominal thickness Nominal

length
Tolerance on
edge nominal width
" _
Over
mm
~
Up to and
including
"
mm
Over I Up to and
including
m mm mm m
Over Up to and
including
Mill edge .. 1200 - 0 +20

1200 1500 All thicknesses All lengths - 0 +25
1500 1830 including strip - 0 +25
Sheared - 1200 All lengths - 0 +3

edge 1200 1500 including strip - 0 +5
1500 1830 - 0 +6
All widths - 0 +6
"
Material All widths - I 3000 ,-O +I .6

ordered
resheared
3000
All lengths
I- - 0 +3.0
! - 0 +5.0
I
L". - .-
NOTE. These tolerances apply to all lengths including coils,with the exception of the uncropped ends
of hot rolledcoils having mill edges.
Table 24. Tolerance on nominal width for cold rolled material prcIduced
on wide continuous mills (CR grades)
Type of Nominal width Nominal thickness Nominal length Tolerance on

edge nominal width
Over Up to and Over Up to and
including including including
- "_ "" - " . .. - i ---.._ "
Mill edge
mm m m m
-
I 1200
1200
1500
I I-
I- !
3.20
3.20
All lengths
including strip
mm
- 0 +3
- 0 +5
11500 f 1830 - !i 3.20 - 0 +6
1 I-
""""
1 3.20
1
Sheared
!-
I - 0 +I .6
!
edge All widths : 3.20 -0 +3.0
" ---L-""
1I f
i
3.20 j 3000
I -
Strip
YOo I
- 0 +I .6
-__I__._
NOTE, For slit wide strip, material with closer tolerances may be supplied by agreement between
manufacturer and purchaser a t the time of ordering,

26
N:iI B S * l , 4 4 9 :
~~ PART*¡, 83 m $624669 0072735 - 2
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 25. Tolerance on nominal width for hot rolled and cold
@ rolled material producedon narrow mills (HS andCSgrades)
TYPe of Nominal
width
nominal width
Cold rolled
including (CS)
I I I
Mill edge I m m m mm m
- I
50
mm mm
f 1.0
mm
* 1.4
f 1.8
f 2.4
250 600 t- 3.0 t- 3.6
Sheared - 250 - 1.6 f 0.1 3 k 0.13

edge -
-
1.6 250
-
3.0 k 0.19 * 0.19
250 3.0 f 0.25 f 0.25
250 600 - 1.6 t- 0.20 f 0.20
250 ~ 600 1.6 f 0.25 5.0
t- 0.25
NOTE. These tolerances apply to all lengths including coil with the exceptionof the
uncropped ends of hot rolled coils having mill edges,
Table 26. Tolerance on nominal width for

hardened and tempered (see section four)
cold rolled carbon steel narrow strip
(CSHT grades) with sheared edges
Nominal width Nominal thickness Tolerance on
1 I I
Rormal width
Over Up to and Up t o and
including Over including
mm I mm ImmImm mm
t- 0.19
k 0.19
-
80 I 80
450 I 1.25
1.25 I 2.65
2.65
f 0.19
t- 0.28

BSl. B S Z 1 4 Y 9 : PAl'ZTwL 83 'd Lb246690072736 4 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 27. Tolerance on nominal lengthfor material produced on wide

continuous mills (HR and CR grades) and supplied in cut lengths,
including products slit from wide strip
Nominal
length
Nominal width Nominal
thickness
Tolerance on
nominal length
-1 Up t o and
including I Over I Up t o and
including I Over I Up to and
including I Hot rolled
(HR) I Cold rolled
(CR)
Materiel orderednot resheared
mm mm mm
- 3000 - 600 All thicknesses -0 t25 -0+25
mm mm
- 3000 All widths over 600 - 3.0 -0 "6.0 -0t6.0
3000 3.0 - -0t15
3000
3000
Material orderedresheared
1 All widths over 600 1 1 1
-o 70
-0t% %
-0t% %
-0 t% %
'mm mm
- 3.0
-
All widths 3.0
3000 - 3.0
3000 3.0 -
Table 28. Tolerance on nominal lengthfor cut Table 29. Maximum edge camber for hot rolled
lengths in all widths produced on narrowmills and cold rolledmaterial produced on wide
(HS and CS grades) continuous mills (HR and CR grades): mill edge
and sheared edge material (see figure 4)
Nominal length Tolerance on nominal length
Nominal width Nominal
Over Up t o and Hot rolled Cold rolled (CS) thickness
any 6000 mm length
including (HS)
Fine Normal
mm mm mm mm mm
- 1O00 -0+25 -0t25' -0t6.0 mm mm
1000 3000 - O + 25 -0+25 - O + 12 All widths rolled All 25 25
3000 - - O + 25 - O + 25 -0t 12 wide
on mills thicknesses
NOTE, Theabove table refers to cold sheared material; NOTE. Where it is not practical t o measure over these lengths,
the tolerancesfor hot shearing, applicable only t o material equivalent tolerances can be calculatedfrom the following formula
rolled on narrow milis, is f 50 mm. and rounded to the next higher millimetre (see example).
(non-standard length)'
New tolerances= X tolerances in table 29
(standard length)*
Example. To find tolerance for material
1200 mm wide X 2000 mm long X 3 mm thick:
(2000)*
-
New tolerance on edge camber = (6000)2 X 25 = 2.78,
which should be rounded to 3.00 mm.
28
Í J 5 1 ES*:I44't: PART*L 63 L b 2 4 b b 9 0072737 b
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 30. Maximum edge camber for hot rolled and

@ cold rolled material produced on narrow mills
(HS and CS grades) : mill edge and sheared edge
material (see figure 4)
Nominal width Nominal thickness Maximum edge camber in

any 2000 mm length
- -
Over Up to and Over Up to and Hot rolled Cold rolled
including including IHS) (CS)
"
mm mm mm mm mm
I
25 2 - 13
25 50 2 13 10
- 50 - 10 13
50 250 2 13 6.5
50 250 - 10 13
250 600 2 13 6.5
250 600 - 6.5 13
-
NOTE l . Where it is not practicable to measure over 2000 mm,
equivalent tolerances can becalculated from the following formula
and rounded to the next higher millimetre.
(non-standardlength)'
New tolerance = X tolerance in table 30
(standard length)'
NOTE 2. Special requirements on edge camber may be available by
arrangement between the manufacturer and the supplier.
Table 31. Maximum out-of-squarenessof width for

hot rolled and cold rolled material produced on
wide continuous mills (HR and CR grades)
Nominal Nominal Nominal Maximum out-of-squareness

length width thickness per 150 mm of nominal width
or fraction thereof
Material not resquared
mm
Al I
lengths
mm
Al I
widths
Al I
thicknesses
mm
1.5 max. I mm
1.5 max.
Resquared material Maximum out-of-squareness

on full width ofsheet
mm
Up to and
including
including
1 1
:,"to and
3000 1 5 1
Over 1200 tlcknesses
3.0max. 1 3.0max.
I
e Over 3000 All widths 3.0max. 3.0max.

29
BSI BS*l14Li7: P A R T * 1 83 m 1624669 0072738 8 m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 32. Maximum out-of-squareness of width for

hot rolled and cold rolled narrow strip
(HS and CS grades) in flat cut lengths
I
Nominal Nominal Nominal Maximum out-of-squareness
length width thickness per 150 mm of nominal width
or fraction thereof
~
Hot rolled
(HS)
1 Cold rolled
(CS)
Al I Al I Al I
lengths widths thicknesses (1 .o %)
Table 33. Maximum deviation from flatness for material

(see sections two and four) produced on continuous mills and
not specially flattened (see figure 5 and note 1)
(Not applicable to material supplied as strip, or to certain categories
of sheet detailed in the notes to this table.)
Nominal thickness
T Nominal width Nominal
length
7Maximum deviation
1
from flatness
c _ _
Over Up to and Over lp to and

Over Up to and Hot Cold .
including lcluding including rolled rolled
mm mm mm lm mm mm mm mm
1.20 - 200 2 O00 5 O00 - 10
1.20 1 200 500 2 O00 5 O00 - 16
1.20 1 500 : I 830 2 O00 5 O00 - 19
-
1.20 3.20 - 600 2 O00 5 O00 10 10
1.20 3.20 600 500 2 O00 5 O00 - 10
1.20 3.20 1 500 830 2 O00 5 O00 - 16
1.49 5.00 600 2 O00 5 O00 10 10

1.49 5.00 600 500 2 O00 5 O00 13 -
1.49 5.00 1 500 830 2 O00 5 O00 19 -
5.00 16.00 - 500 2 O00 5 O00 18 -

5.00 16.00 1 500 830 2 O00 5 O00 23
"
1.49 5.00 All widths 12 700 22
5.00 16.00 All widths 12 700 25
NOTE 1 , This table does not apply to either sheet or plate producedto higher tensile ranges
(i.e. those in section three,see table 34) or to annealed (A) sheet or plate. For the latter
category flatness tolerances are by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE 2. Material in lengths less than 2000 mm orderednot specially flattened should have
flatness tolerances agreed between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.
NOTE 3. Material rotary sheared as a final operation tends to have a slight bow across the
width. If strip is required specially flat across the width, this condition can be produced by
further cold rollingafter shearing, In such cases, the degree of flatness and methodof
measuring should be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
30 Standards
BSI BSslYYS: P A R T * & 83- b b 2 Y b b - 7 0 ~ 0 7 2 7 3 7T ,
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Table 34. Maximum deviation from flatness for

@ material based onspecified minimum strengths
(see section three) produced on wide continuous
mills (HR) and not specially flattened
r
(see figure 5)
Nominal
thickness
T Nominal width
Over
~
Up to and
Tolerance on flatness
Minimum yieldstrength, R,
including
> 350 to < 450
mm mm mm
2.0 - 1500
1500 1830
> 2.0
L I
NOTE. For sheet or plate of nominal length greater than 5000 mm,
tolerances are t o be agreed between the manufacturer and the
purchaser at the time of ordering.
Table 35. Maximum deviation from flatness for specially flattened material
rolled on wide continuous mills (HR and CR grades) (see figure 5 and note 1)
(Not applicable to material supplied in coil nor to certain categories of sheet detailed
in the notes t o this table.)
Nominal thickness Nominal width

T Nominal length
iMaximum deviation
from flatness
Over
mm
Up to and
including
mm
T including
Over Up t o and
including
mm
Hot rolled
(HR)
1 Cold rolled
(CR)
All widths
0.80 > 600 mm 5000
0.80 3.00 2500

0.80 3.00 5000
0.80 3.00 1200 5000
3.0 - 5000
All thicknesses
All widths
- By agreement between
manufacturer and purchaser
.. . . . . L
NOTE 1. This table does not apply to either sheet or plate produced to highef tensile ranges (¡.e. those
in section three) or f b annealed (A) sheet or plate. For fhesé categories flatness tolerances are by
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NbTE 2. Material, rofary sheared a s 8 final operation, tends to have a slight böw across the width.
If strip is required specially flat across the width, this conditioncan be produced by further cold
rolling aftershearing. In such cases, the degree of flatness and method of measuring should be
agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser,
NOTE 3. Specially flattened material ordered not resquared or with ends not resheared may show
entry or grip marks.

31
___ "
B S I BS*&449: P A R T * & 83 W Lb24bb9 0 0 7 2 7 4 0 b W

BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Appendix A solidification of the ingot. Table 36 shows the variations

in permitted product analysis.
Nearest equivalentgrades for steels in BS 4360 The table applies only to killed (KI steels and not to
In the following table the equivalence of the steel grades rimmed ( R ) or balanced (B) steels (see table 1).
can only be regarded as approximate. They are, in fact, The variations may occur eitherabove or below the
the nearest equivalent grades based on yield strength and individual element ranges but shall not be applied both
not precise equivalents. If equivalence of any property above and below the specified range for any one element
other than the yield strength is required and the purchaser in any one cast of steel.
is in any doubt, he should consultthe supplier.
B.2 In the event of the results of the analysis of a single
This standard BS 4360 sample falling outside the permitted variations on the
(see table 3
and section three) product analysis further samples shall be selected for
check analysis from the remainder of the consignment,
37/23 40B as follows:
43/25 43A (a) a t least two samples from the same cast for
50 50135 B delivered masses up t o 5 tonnes;
50145 55c (b) a t least five samples from the same cast for
delivered masses over 5 tonnes up to 20 tonnes; and
(c) a t least eight samples from the same cast for
Appendix B delivered masses over 20 tonnes.
The results of the analysis of these samples shall fall
Product analysis and permitted variations within the permitted variations. If any of these further
(applicable only to the killed steels in sections three samples are proved to be outside the permitted variations
and four (see 1.5.2)) for any significant element the consignment shall be
B.1 Analysis of the product may vary from the cast deemed not tocomply with the requirements of this
analysis due to heterogeneity arisingduring the casting and Part of this standard.
Table 36. Permitted variations of product analysis from specified range,

Applicable to killed (K) steels only
I-
Element
I. Range in which maximum of specified
elements falls
Variation on
specified range
"
i
"""-
Over
maximum
%
minimum
Under
%
Carbon*
Up to and including 0.25 0.02 0.02
Over 0.25 up to and including 0.50' 0.03 0.03
Over 0.50 up to and including 1.O5 0.04 0.04
"
Silicon Up to and including 0.40 0.03 0.03

" - "
Manganese 0.04 0,04

Over 1.O up to atid including 1.5 0.08 0.08
Over 1.5 0.1o 0.1 o
4
Sulphur Up to and including 0.025 0.005
Over 0.025 up to and including 0.040 0.006
." "
Phosphorus Up to 0.025 0.005

I Over 0.040 up to and including 0.060 0.008
*When required by the purchaser, and subject to agreement with the supplier, smaller variations
for the carbon range over 0.25 % up to and including 0.50 % may be agreed.
32
BS 1449 : Part 'l: 1983
Appendix C
4)
Stress unit conversions
tonfiin2
Nlmm2 lbf/in2 Nimm2
850
R50
800
" 120 O00
8750
0 0 g ' - 5 0 110 O00
750
I I
700
650
600
3 45
40
700
600
-3-
100 O00
"c
90 O00
550 *
zl= 35 550 @ 80 O00
a
500
450
+*.004
e I
30
25
'O0*
450 #lI
&-~004
I
"L
70000
'Oo
3 5 o e 50000
20
40 O00
250 250
15
200 200 5
-30 Oo0
150 -10
"I
150 -*+ -4"
20 O00
Conversion factors:
1 N/mm2 = 0.06475 tonf/ina = 145.038 Ibf/in* = 0.10197 kgf/mm2
For more detailed conversions see BS 360 : Part 1 and Supplement No. 1 to Part 2.

BSI B S M L 4 4 9 : P A R T * L 8 3 l b 2 4 b b 9 0072742 T m
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
Appendix D
Determination of 'r' values (see 1.13)

Using a standard flat tensile t e s t piece, a 25 mm length is
accurately marked in the centre of the parallel section.
The width of the test piece is measured a t five positions
along the 25 mm gauge length and the mean width is
recorded.
The t e s t piece is then strained to approximately 15 %
elongation, measured on the 25 mm gauge length.
The t e s t piece is removed from the tensile testing machine
and the mean width and gauge length are accurately
measured. The 'r' value is determined from the nomogram
shown in figure 6, using the following ratios:
final gauge length
(a)
original (25 mm) gauge length
original width
(b)
final width
Example
Initial gauge length = L, = 25 mm
Final gauge length = L f = 28.75 mm
~ Initial gauge width = W, = 20 mm
Final gauge width = W, = 18.45mm
Using theabove data
log,' (x)
18.45
I 28.75 x 18.45
loge ( 25 X 20
log, 1,085
r=
log,(1.15 x 0.9225)
log, 1.085 -- -0.0807
.
r= -- 1.363
log, 1.061 0.0592
I 34Standards
7
~ 1m
- ~~
BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983
L, = Initial gauge length

Lf = Final gauge length
W,, = Initial gauge width
l . 270 Wf = Final gauge width
1.260
1.250
l . 240
l . 060
1 ,230
l.220 r
1* 210
*200d ~.
i
.i90
l . 080
1.O90
F
1 .loo
a
1,130
1,120
i 1 .I10
1.120
1.110
E- 1.130
1 .loo ~
1.140
Figure 6. Nomogram for determination of 'r' values
36
BSI BS*ly49.: PART*L 8 3 W 3624669 0072744 3
Publications referred to
BS 18 Methods for tensile testing of metals
Part 2 Steel (general)
Part 3 Steel sheet and strip (less than 3 mm and not less than 0.5 mm thick)
BS 240 Method for Brinell hardness test
Part 1 Testing of metals
BS 350 Conversion factors and tables
Part 1 Basis of tables. Conversion factors
Supplement No. 1 to Part 2 Additional tables for SI conversions
8
BS 427 Method for Vickers hardness t e s t
BS 693 Generalrequirements for oxy-acetylenewelding of mild steel
BS 891 Method for Rockwell hardness test
BS 1134 Method for the assessment of surface texture
Part 1 Method and instrumentation
BS 1140 Specification for resistance spot welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steel
BS 1639 Methods for bend testing of metals
BS 1837 Methods for the sampling of iron, steel, permanent magnet alloys and ferro-alloys
BS 2630 Specification for resistance projection welding of uncoated low carbon steel sheet and strip using embossed projections
BS 3855 Method for modified Erichsen cupping t e s t for sheet and strip metal
BS 4360 Specification for weldable structural steels
BS 5135 Metal-arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels
e BS 5770 Steel strip intended for the manufacture of springs

Part 1 Specification for hot rolled carbon and low alloy steel
Part 2 Specification for cold rolledcarbon and low alloy steel
Part 3 Specification for pre-hardened and tempered carbon steel
BS 6265 Specification for resistance seam welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steel
BS Handbook No. 19 Methods for the sampling and analysisof iron, steel and other ferrous metals
ab
Licensed by Information. Handling
-" ~ ". Services
BS 1449: Part 1 : 1983
This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of subsists in all BSI publications. No part of this publication may be
the Iron and Steel Standards Committee, was published under the reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of
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31 May 1983. implenlenting the standard, of necessary details such as symbols and
?J British Standards Institution, 1983 size, type or grade designations. Enquiries shouldbe addressed to
the Publications Manager, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes
First published (as Parts 1A, 1B,2A, 2B,3A and 381, August 1948 MK14 6LE. The number for telephone enquiries is 0908 220022
First revision (as Parts 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B,3A and 361, January 1956
and for telex 825777.
Second revision (as Parts 1A and 1B), December 1962
Second revision (as Parts 2A, 28, 3A and 3B), February 1964 Contract requirements.A British Standard does not purport to
First published as Part 1, October 1972 include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British
First revision as Part 1, May 1983 Standards are responsible for their correct application.
ISBN O 580 11961 O

Revision of British Standards. British Standards are revised, when
The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: necessary, by the issue either of amendments or of revised editions.
Committee reference ISM/10 Draft for comment 81/71202 DC It is important that users of British Standards should ascertainthat
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entrusted to Technical Committee lSM/lO upon which the following Agricultural MachineParts E~~~~~Association
bodies were represented: British Welded Steel Tube Association
Cold Rolled Sections
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Manufacturers'
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Radiators
and Ltd.
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s British
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BS 1449:Part 1 : 1983

O B8U UDC 669.14-41 -F 669.15'74-194-41

O British Standards Institution. No part

O Steel plate, sheet and strip

Tôles e t feuillards en acier

Eleche und Bänder aus Stahl

British Standards Institution

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards

BS 1449 : Part 1 : 1983

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards

Steel plate, sheet and strip

Section one. General requirements 1.1 Scope

Condition Symbol Description

Killed steel K Steel that has been fully deoxidized

a Cold rolled on narrow mills CS

Normalized N Material that has been normalized as a separate operation

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards 3

P A hot rolled surface* from which the oxide has

Mechanically descaled D A hot rolled surface* from whichthe oxide has

FF A cold rolled skin passed material havingonesurfacefree from

M A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled onspecially

BR A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled on rolls

PL A surface finish obtained when material is cold rolled on specially

MF A surface finish having a highlustre and reflectivity. Usually

Unpolished finish UP A blue/black oxide finish; applicable to hardenedandtempered strip

Polished finish PF A bright finish havingthe appearance of a surface obtainedby fine

Vitreous enamel VE A surface finish for vitreousenamelling of material of specially

SF Otherfinishes by agreementbetween themanufacturer and the purchaser

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and4Standards

Section blaterial Rolled Chemical composition Types of i t e e l

min. max. min. max. min. max. max. max.

2 Materials havingspecific requirements based on formability (see also 2.3)

- 0.60 0.050 0.050 Low carbon steel available hot

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards 5

The material shall comply'with the general requirements

1.9 Tensile test

a the specified diameter and, in cases of dispute, a test

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1.17 Surface finish and surface inspection 1.21 Marking

Table 4. Edge conditions

X indicates availability of edge condition.

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2.5.2 Cold rolled wide strip. Cold rolled wide strip is

The symbols, i f required, denoting material condition (a) increase in hardness:

Reasonable freedom from stretcher strain can be achieved in

Table 5. Chemical composition

*See also section four.

Table 6, Mechanical properties of hot rolled material (note 1 )

Yield Rolled Tensile Elongation,A, min. (note 2) Bendmandreldiameter (180 o bend)

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Table 7. Mechanical properties of cold rolled material produced on wide mills

Table 8. Mechanical propertiesof cold rolled material produced on narrow mills

a is the thickness of the bend test piece.

Table 9. Conditions and surface finishes NOTE to section two.

X indicates availability of finish.

Section three. Specific requirements for materials 3.3 Carbon-manganesesteels

Table 11. Mechanical properties: carbon-manganese steels

34/20 HR,HS, CR, CS 200 340 29 2a 21

a is the thickness of the bend test piece.

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Table 13, Mechanical properties: micro-alloyed steels

40F30 HR, HS, CS 300 400 28 20 Oa

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