DMCA019: Discrete Mathematics

Section A

Q1. Section A

a) If U =[2,4,…,16] , A = [2,6,8,10] and B = [4, 6,10,14] then find out (U - A) ∩ (U - B)

b) State Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions.
c) Find the stationary points and the stationary values of the function
f  x   x 3  3x 2  9x  5
.

d) Let p = it is cold and q = it is raining, translate the symbolic statement p  q into simple
language.
e) Define bijective function.
f) Define injective function.
g) A closed walk in which no edge appears more than once is called ________
(a) Path (b) Trail (c) Circuit (d) Cycle
h) A graph having neither self loop no parallel edges is called a _________
(a) Simple graph (b) Null graph (c) Multigraph (d) Cycle
i) Find the sequence corresponding to generating function 1/(1-az).
j) Define Skew-symmetric matrix.
k) Define generating function of a sequence.
l) Define orthogonal matrix.
m) Define Group.
n) The intersection of two normal subgroups is always normal sub group. (True/False)

Q2. Section B
a) Define union of two sets.
1  sin 2 x
 cos2 x dx
b) Evaluate
 1 0 1
If A   3 4 5  find transpose of matrix A.
 0 6 2 
c)
d) Define reflexive relation giving example
f) Define directed graph with an example
g) Show that the sequence a n  3n  1 for all integers n  0 satisfies the recurrence relation a k  a k 1  3
for all integers k  1
h) Define Normal subgroup
i) Define optimal feasible solution.

Q3. Section C
a) Which of the following statements are true?
i) A  A  U ii) A  A  
iii) A  A   iv) A    A
OR
Define proposition and conjunction statement.
 y x u u
If u  sin 1    ta n 1   then show that x y 0
b)  x   y  x y
OR
Investigate the maxima and minima of the function 2x  3x  36x  10 .
3 2

x tan 1 x 2
c) Evaluate
 1  x 4 dx
OR

Evaluate 
2
x sin x dx

d) Define equivalence relation giving example

OR
Define partial ordered relation giving example

e) Define planar and non – planar graph

OR
Define Euler circuit and Euler trail.

f) For r  0, find the generating function A(z) which corresponds to numeric function.
OR

2
A  z 
For the generating function 1  9z 2 find the corresponding numeric function a r , r  0.

g) Define (i) Homomorphism (ii) Kernel of Homomorphism

OR
If f,g : G  G be Homomorphism of G to G then show that
* *

gof : G  G* will be also Homomorphism of G to G* .

1 2 3 4
 2 1 3 2
A 
 3 1 2 4
 
h) Reduce to   Echelon form
OR
 1 0 1
If A   3 4 5  find inverse of matrix A.
 0 6 2 

Q4. Section D

a) In a group of 1000 people there 750 who speaks Hindi and 400 there who can speak Bengali. How
many can speak Hindi only? How many can speak Bengali only? How many can speak both Hindi and
Bengali ?
OR
 p  q   (q  r)    p  r 
Verify the following proposition is tautology or contradiction: 
 2
    
 
If u  log x  y  z  3xyz then show that     u  
3 3 3 9
 x y z   x  y  z
2
b)
OR
 x 3  y3 
u  tan 1  
 xy 
If then show that
2  u 2 u 2  u
2 2
x  2xy y  (2cos u 1)sin 2u
 x2 x  y  y2
x2 1
 2
c) Evaluate x  5x  6
dx

OR
 /2

 log  cot x  dx  0
Prove that 0

NxN    a, b  , a , b  B
d) Let N be the set of counting number. Let be the cross product of member of
N. Let R be the relation defined on NxN as given below:
 a, b  R  c, d  if and only if a  d  b  c
OR
Let A = {1,2,3,4} and let R = {(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2),(3,4),(4,3),(3,3),(4,4)} . Show that R is an
equivalence relation. Determine the equivalence classes.

e) Determine whether the following pairs of graphs are isomorphic.

OR
Find the in-degree and out-degree of each vertex of the following directed graph. Also verify that the
sum of the in – degree and out- degree equals the number of edges.

f) Solve the recurrence relation b n  b n 2  2b n 1 , n  2 when b 0  5, b1 1

OR
Solve the recurrence relation b n  5b n 1  0, n  1, b 0 1

g) Let Q+ be a set of positive rational number. Let ‘*’ be the binary operation defined in Q given by
ab
a *b  a, b  Q
2 . Show that Q is an abelian group.Find its identity element and inverse of each
element .
OR
Define the following terms:
(i) Ring
(ii) Ring with unity
(iii) Commutative Ring with unity
(iv) Ring with zero divisor

h) Solve the following system of equations by elementary transformations:

xyz 3
x  2y  3z  4
x  4 y  9z  6
OR
Apply Cramer’s rule to solve the following system of equations:
xyz  4
2x  y  2z  5
x  2y  z  3