class Test

of
l
Answer
key
-

l . B 7 .
B

2 .
B
8 -
C

3 .
D

9 -
D
4 . A

lo .
C
5 .
C

6 . D
 Salt
'
Cag)
T
feast cuz -1 Original Solh
Agt
" -
Noi Pb
l
Mg I ,
,
,

dil Hcl

Pbclz
Agc l Hgzclz
V
, ,

Filtrate
( ppt ) ⑤
to
group group
2

del Hcl +
Has

t .
T ✓
Gsp

gnfItzT
2

(sulphide )
~
-
- n -
cus ,
casings

×
dit HN
03

Fe
 Altercate
3 to 6
group
↳ NHUC It NHUOH

→
( Ppt )
Filteeeate
Gop 3
6
Gop 4 to

Has t NHYOH

→
Gop appt Fitterate
-2ns
Mns ,
Grp 5 and G

I
↳ NHUCITNHUOU
t
@ Hy ) coz
I
,
×
y

Gsp 5 Ppt Gop Gfi Herat

Quee: why
is not used in
group y
reagents ?
↳ Noon - Nat + OU
-

pptd
Gop hydroxides may get
5
,
4 .

and 6

↳% in
Role
of Nhu at Nnuon hop 5
Reagents
( Itu)
,
coz → to Ppt carbonates
of
5
Group
( Baco 3 ,
see z
and Cacoz)

cannot used because

Nazcoz be

get pptd .

Mgcoz may
NHU Cl t NHU OH s ?
-

↳ Basic
Buffer
"
Sol conga
-

of
=
- to maintain pH a

← cop
-
-

= ncos

and bicarbonates may get formed

or co ,
.TN .

=
 2 cations
Analysis Group
'

of

Pbclacs , Hgzclscs , ( white)

Agclcs , , ,

# hot water

H•*
hot water
-

i
.
= - I
- -
-

/
Residue
Fitterate
y
- + Aga Hgack
,

Pb
Lag ) R2
r
'
Croy

Pb Iz

(Yellow ppt )
(
's
cool
white ppt
Pbs u f,
Pb Crout

( Yellow
,

ppt )

Pbclz
( White )
 Agcl , Hgsclz

( Aga is soluble
MHz
in ammonia)

( Flteeeate ) ( Residue )
→ Black

[ AGCNH 3) 2)
+
Hgntlzclt Hg
f
or

( grey )
£ Agt 7µg
.

white

IBM II Aga Crout

-

Agut
-

¥¥n?
" 'Red '

pn-ageersnyte.ae agist
"
w .

Yellow •
# Hot water
ppt dissolve
•
ng

↳ +
present
" -
→ Pb is
( No ppt )

Agt and
Hg? absent

\
f= ragtag
"
be Present
.
may
Pb - + → ?
/
y

← → o
← Test for pbst

↳ filter ate
Residue
 Pb
-
T
Imp Runs
of
Pb ( Nong ) D- Pbo + NO
,
t Oz
2

Pbcoz d- Pbo t CO2

toll pbcoz D- Pbo

÷ Pb 304
r → HNOZ
Red lead
yellow pbCNOz)z
Pbo .
Pb 02
t

Pboz
Pb 02
Pbo → pbzoy -
( Brown)
Red Brown
Yellow
 Group
Analysis of Cations
2

Bizsz Pbs CIA)

Cus Cds
-
,
Hgs ,

(yellow)
,

( Brown
,

Bla # Black)
( Black )
-

Sns , 5h52 , Sbs Sz ,

AS 253 ( I B)

↳ ( NH a) as

I B
I A
Filter ate
( residue )

Insoluble
NOTE : sulphide of Group 11A are

in ammonium sulphide or ammonium

Poly sulphide
 Soluble in
NOTE 8 All sulphide are
u HNOZ
Conc .

except Hgs
.

Hgs is soluble in agua Regia .

Cds Bizsz
Cus ,
Pbs ,
Hgs , ,

Conc .

HNOZ

-
-
- t

Iag , tag, Cd
- -

Hgs cu
,
Pb
, ,

[ Residue)
Bist

Y
/ ( filter ate )

y
/
 Cust Pb 2T Cd4 Bi 3T
Hgs , , ,

(filtrate)
( residue )

Jaqua Regia note :

=
"
.Hg " "

8{Led ,
K' →
Hg
i . t

µ"
Hg Iz T KI

(excess )
- kaCHgIy ]
Nessler 's

HgIzt ,

Reagent
( Red )
g . Hgs
-1
+
soft →
Hgs Ck + Sn
" "

( white)
snit 'll
Sn
Hgsclz
+ t
→
Hg
( Black)
 t 24 24 3-1
Pb
-
Cu , Cd , Bi
,

H2S
Oy

( Alternate) (Reside )
Pbsoyt,
cuz
-1
cdzt Bist
( white)
, ,

f. acetic acid

pbg
1¥
→
.

Kd
 Bist ,
Cust , Cd4

Residue
! ""HOH or MHz

(filtrate)
= "

Bicotelz
cut and Cd4
( white)

[ Cuculidae)
- t
CCdCNHDy)t
 gorp Separation of Cust and Cd4
=

211
Cust ,
C d

.
Rcw ( excess )

Zo H z S

Ppt is obtained Cdzt ion

if yellow
,
observation :
is present .

TP Cust with Ken ,

PbI#
M
Ren
of ion

Cust z
-

fo g

sq AKT
"
cu t Rcn → cuccnlz
,

t a

Cu Ccn )z Cee CN t CCN )z Cuzlz t Iz

-

ti
excess
won
Franconia ) 3
Cd
- t
t Kon - K- CCDCCN )u]
excess

Cust and cast

# excess Ken

K3[ Cuccaro) , ] kzccdccn )y )

t"s-
/ S2
-

6
Cdt +
case.
Cut S2 d
-

+ ,

Yellow
I ,
cast,

NO Ran
 I A Pbs Cds , Cees Bizsz
Hgs , , ,

↳ Conc -

HNOZ
F-
't
cast ,Cu2+ , Bist
Hgs Pb ,

ag£regia
't
Hg Hzsoy

& Isn #d
"
e, ,

Pbsoy west Cd
24
,
Bist
" ,

Jack
Hglz
Red Isn
"

& tic acid 1NHu0H

Hg of Irina '
t
BICOH )z
Custard Cd4

Biebel
white
'B'
%1E.ws
soluble in Ppt
( og ) yellow
HCl
Ccds)
 Group Cations
Analysis of 3

( OH
Fe ( OH)z
,
Cylon ) z ,
A)
)z

whity amphoteric
Reddish (
green
-

brown

NaOH

T H 202

N
*

( Residue ) ( Filter ate)

Fe Namo , NACAICOH)y)
Hb or

(Moya
-

Solh
yellow
 042 NAAIOZ
-

→ Huactidicsaet
Coe "
e -

Pbcuou I ( Yellow ) AICOHIZ

( white)

cr0① -

Ba
"
Babe 0yd,

ffellow)

↳
Agt Ag > Croy 4

scarlet red
 3 Felon )z AICOH )3
GC0H7z
GN#
,
,

Junoon -14202

✓- crop
-

and NoDoz
Residue

¥01473
(Reddish brown )
1
,
Pb
2T
Intend
↳ Hcl Pbcroyly
AKON,

)@g )
"
Feclz ( Fe
Has

kucfeccnlb) ( )
-

pea , - green
son

Fetsch} Fest + Has → Fests

blood Red Ppt

( Redon)
-
 Roen of Ku Cee Conk )

"#
-

e Fe
-

Fes
Fez [ Fec cools ] white ppt

Fest
-→
Fey [ Fe CCN)
673
Ru Cee can )6 ] -

Prussian blue ppt

Rt
"
Cust
ferri -

ferrocyanide
[ Felon )d
f cuz Cfe Cobb )
,
chocolate brown
(1-2) 2h24
→ 2ns [ Fec CN ) , ]
Bluish -

white
 Kz CFECCN )6 ]
Roen
of
Fei } Fez [ Fe CCM )6]z
(Turnbull blue )

kzcfeccn ) , ] ferro ferricyanide

-

}
'
3- Fe
[ Fecal) G) Fe [ Feccw )o )

ferri ferricyanide
-

Brown
 4
Analysis of Group Cations

Nis , cos Mns 2ns

, ,
( white)
- t.

Black
Buff /
Pale -
pink
cold and die HCl

#
Filter ate
"
- .

Residue
Nist T
-
co
,
Mns 2ns
,

↳ amphoteric
qgepup Mns 2ns
g
2ns + Noose → Zn ( OH)z
4
gel white

µ excess of #
soluble OH
-

NaOH

-
-
E
>
( filter ate)
( Residue )

N922nOzCZn2tJmnl0Hl2@hiteIConc.HN
or
Oz ↳
Pbzoy
Keeffe@ ) ],

Hmnoy
( violet colouration )
 Analysis of Group 5

woops Caws ( white)

Bacoz Sr 3
c
3- s
, ,
-

Ctlzc OH

✓ Bast see
> +
,
Caz -1

IF
,

!soy2 -
¥9 Caczout ,

white
Bach Out ,
scout,

yellow white
 of Group 6
Analysis
Mg CN Hy)
> +
Naz H Poy t NHUOH - Poy y
Mg
+
,

white

Zero
of Group
Analysis
Ammonium ion ( Nhut )
white fumes of
ammonium chloride
-

on NHuC1
NHy+ # NHS 187

Nhut + OH
-
Pungent
any odour colourless
I
gas
NH3Cg)
 Test
b) Nessler 's
reagent

N Hut s NHzHg0HgI Milon 's

Iodide
of
k2HgI4 ( Brown) base

Nat Flame Test

K+ and
-

Tons be separated
following
can
:
Quee
the
which of
't
dil pbo
by HC pgce →

Hg?
+ "

af Agt c)
-
Pb and
and Pb

I pb
"
and Cee
't
d) Agt and
Hgjt
G
pbclztl )
(
white
due : which
of the
following ions can be separated
Group
p⑧
2
( Ha Hss ) #
by t

- T Iiit and A 13T

H Agt and Pb
-
-

Pbt Hg2t
-

d) and
BK Pb
- t
and Cust -
-

Quee : (Nteycltntluou )
separated by ↳
Group 3
Reagent
91¥34 -
and most
-

&YFe3+ and 2h24

og
-

ART and Crist

C)
 NHYTCI NH3
-

clue fumes
=
x
Yogas , ↳ white

|gCpf0zg yellow
-

crop
som
↳ U2 07 ( B) Pbt
Reddish

Brown

vapours c

(yellow ppt)
Pbcuoy
Ans : NHUCI
=
 Effects
Heating
1 . Carbonates D- oxide + coz

2- Nitrates ↳ oxide + NO , t 02

Pb ( NO 3) 2 d- Pbo + NO z
t 02

Cel (
Nog )
D- Cleo t NO z
+ Oz
z

( IN Oz b- Liz + NO z t Oz

except :

( Gsp T ) Nano d- Nanos +

Oz
,

→
Ag Nog Ag + NO
z
t
Oz

N Hy Nog b- Nao t H2O

3- Oxalate b- H2O t cot coz

4- Ammonium salts
Heating of
Nhu X

JD
\ Nz / H2O
(x
-

Oxidising )
Nog NOI
MHz , ,
Cg )

}
-

Corzo icky
d-
-5*34 HNOZ
NHYCI NH3 + HCl
NHYNO ,

Nz t 2h20
NHYNO ,

N D- Nzo t 21420
Hung
( N Hy) G20 £8142 T 4h20 -1
, ,

↳ 203
 5 -

Heating of sulphate

Cusoy ↳ Cu soy

wafusoOYJ.ee
.
5h20 . H2O

Blue vitriol

WO t 5oz

Fe soy -

71420 ↳ Fesou .

H2O →
Green vitriol

) x
s

Fez 03ft SO
z
t
503
Reddish
Brown
 " Hutt BNH 3" " "" " t "" "
Compound

↳¥$
Nog IN 05
-

→
/ s
NOI / NOI
2h
-7
)
OH
Al

-
MHz

*
NHyNOz§ Nao t H2O
I .

g-

4 '

5-
14
'

15,6 .
it
.

Bao

18 Begg
'

1a
-

Ogg
 '

20

togged