A 

LANDSLIDE is the movement of rock, earth,

or debris down a sloped section of land. Landslides are caused
by rain, earthquakes, volcanoes,
v or other factors that make the
slope unstable.

Types of Earth flow (or mudflow).

Occurs in moderate slopes

Landslide
 Earth fall. Occurs in steep or
overhanging slopes from the
detachment of soil along a
surface on which little shear
displacement takes place.
This typically occurs where
artificial cuts have been made
and along eroded or undercut
riverbanks.
Earth topple. Occurs in
vertical slopes with cohesive
materials. Vertical joints or
cracks develop behind the
edge of the slope, resulting in
a forward rotation of a
compartment or column of
soil. Field observations
typically reveal mixed
features associated to both
fall and topple, making it
difficult to clearly distinguish
between the two types.
during or after heavy rain
Earth slide. Occurs in
events and involves excess
moderate to steep slopes and
pore pressure or liquefaction
often consists of shallow
of the sliding materials. It
weathered soil sliding onto a
forms characteristic bowl- or
stronger or impermeable
balloon-shaped scars on the
substrate (e.g. interbedded
hill flanks, with the mobilized
clay layers). Rotational slides
material spreading out onto
(also referred to as slumps)
the valley floor and being
involve sliding of the
subsequently rapidly washed
materials along a curved
Background Landslide
surface.
Classification away, only
leaving the main scar visible

A SINKHOLE is a depression in the ground that has no natural

external surface drainage. Basically, this means that when it rains, all
of the water stays inside the sinkhole and typically drains into the
subsurface.

The last kind of sinkhole is known as

Cover Subsidence Sinkhole. In this
case, the hole is formed over a period
of time. The bedrock here is covered
by soil and materials which are not
well knitted together. Areas that have
soil comprising largely of clay or sand
often face the occurrence of this hole.
Once the bedrock starts to erode, the
clay or sand starts permeating through
the cracks and settles into the spaces
left behind. Over time, this creates a
cavity on the surface of the soil and
not under it.
Types of Sinkhole
The second kind of sinkhole is
known as a Cover Collapse
sinkhole. These take place when
the bedrock is covered by a deep
layer of soil and earth. Once the
bedrock begins to get eroded, the
crack starts forming in the rocky
areas around it. When this
happens, a number of weak points
begin to form in the layers of soil
and strata above it
Solution sinkholes are most
commonly seen in areas that have
a very thin cover of soil on the
surface, exposing the bedrock
below to continual erosion by
water. As the water percolates
through the bedrock, it carries
away small parts of the rock with it.
As the bedrock erodes, particles
collect in the spaces it leaves.