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Child Development
&
Pedagogy
part-4

Collected & Edited By


Aru Sharma

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1. The ‘doing aspect of behavior falls in the
(1) Psychological domain of learning
(2) Cognitive domain of learning
(3) Affective domain of learning

Ar (4) Cognitive domain of learning (Answer)

u
2. Which of the following is predominantly heredity related
factor?

Sh
(1) Participation in social activities
(2) Attitude towards peer group
(3) Thinking pattern ar
(4) Colour of the eyes (Answer)
ma
3. Teachers should study the errors of their students they often
indicate the
(1) need for differentiated curriculum
(2) extent of their knowledge
(3) remedial strategies needed (Answer)
(4) pathways for ability grouping

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4. Seema learns every lesson very quickly but Leena takes longer
to learn them. It denotes the developmental principle of
(1) inter-relationships

Ar (2) continuity
(3) general to specific

u
(4) individual differences (Answer)

Sh
5. Environmental factors that shape development include all of
the following except
(1) culture
ar
(2) quality of education
(3) physique (Answer)
(4) quality of nutrition
ma
6. According to theories of motivation, a teacher can enhance
learning by
(1) setting uniform standards of expectations
(2) not having any expectations from students

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(3) setting extremely high expectations
(4) setting realistic expectations from students (Answer)

7. Development starts from

Ar (1) pre-natal stage (Answer)

u
(2) the stage of infancy
(3) pre-childhood stage
(4) post-childhood stage
Sh
ar
8. Ability to recognize and classify all varieties of animals,
minerals and plants, according to multiple intelligences theory,
is called
(1) Naturalist intelligence (Answer)
(2) Linguistic intelligence
ma
(3) Spatial intelligence
(4) Logico- mathematical intelligence

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9. The statement “Majority of the people are average, a few very
bright and a few very dull” is based on the established principle
of
(1) Distribution of intelligence (Answer)

Ar (2) Growth of intelligence


(3) Intelligence and sex differences

u
(4) Intelligence and racial differences

Sh
10. According to Piaget’s cognitive theory of learning, the
process by which the cognitive structure is modified is called
(1) Accommodation
(2) Assimilation (Answer)
ar
(3) Schema
(4) Perception
ma
11. When previous learning makes no difference at all to the
learning in a new situation, it is called
(1) Absolute transfer of learning
(2) Positive transfer of learning

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(3) Negative transfer of learning
(4) Zero transfer of learning (Answer)

12. Thinking is essentially

Ar (1) a psychomotor process

u
(2) a psychological phenomenon
(3) an affective behavior

Sh
(4) a cognitive activity (Answer)

ar
13. In a child-centered classroom, children generally learn
(1) mainly from the teacher
(2) individually
(3) in groups
ma
(4) individually and in groups (Answer)

14. In co-operative learning, older and more proficient students


assist younger and lesser skilled students. This leads to
(1) higher moral development

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(2) conflict between the groups
(3) higher achievement and self-esteem (Answer)
(4) intense competition

Ar 15. The major frustration that children with hearing loss face in
the classroom is

u
(1) the inability to take examinations with other students

Sh
(2) the inability to read the prescribed textbook
(3) the inability to participate in sports and games

ar
(4) the inability to communicate or share information with
others (Answer)

16. Dyslexia is associated mainly with difficulties in


(1) reading (Answer)
ma
(2) speaking
(3) speaking and hearing
(4) hearing

17. Gifted students will realize their potential when

6
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(1) they learn with other students (Answer)
(2) they are segregated from other students
(3) they attend private coaching classes
(4) they are tested frequently

Ar
u
18. A good textbook avoids
(1) social responsibility
(2) gender bias (Answer)
(3) gender sensitivity Sh
(4) gender equality
ar
which a child displays ‘object permanence’ is
(1) Formal operational stage
ma
19. The stage of cognitive development according to Piaget, in

(2) Sensorimotor stage


(3) Pre-operational stage (Answer)
(4) Concrete operational stage

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20. Inclusive education refers to a school education system that
(1) emphasizes the need to promote the education of the girl
child only
(2) includes children with disability

Ar (3) includes children regardless of physical, intellectual, social,


linguistic or other differently abled conditions (Answer)

u
(4) encourages education of children with special needs through
exclusive schools

Sh
21. According to Kohlberg, the thinking process involved in

ar
judgments about questions of right and wrong is called
(1) Moral reasoning (Answer)
(2) Moral realism
(3) Moral dilemma
(4) Morality co-operation
ma
22. A student is aggressive in his behavior towards his peer
group and does not conform to the norms of the school. This
student needs help in
(1) Higher order thinking skills

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(2) Cognitive domain
(3) Psychomotor domain
(4) Affective domain (Answer)

Ar 23. Teachers are advised to involve their learners in group


activities because, besides facilitating learning, they also help in

u
(1) Socialization (Answer)
(2) Value conflicts
(3) Aggression Sh
(4) Anxiety
ar
(1) Piaget – cognitive
(2) Kohlberg – physiological
ma
24. Which of the following is an incorrect stage theory pairing?

(3) Freud – psychosexual (answer)


(4) Erikson – psychosocial

25. According to Kohlberg, the thinking process involved in


judgments about questions of right and wrong is called

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(1) Moral realism
(2) Moral dilemma
(3) Morality co-operation
(4) Moral reasoning (answer)

Ar
u
26. Saurabh and Suresh have the same mental age 8-0. We can
conclude that

Sh
(1) They have the same potential for success in school.
(2) They have the same IQ
(3) Their interests are similar
ar
(4) Their ability to learn may be quite different (answer)

ma
27. Children’s attitudes toward persons of different ethnic
groups are generally based upon
(1) Their parent’s attitudes (answer)
(2) The attitudes of their peer
(3) The influence of television
(4) Their sibling’ attitudes

10
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28. A major strength of ecological theory is its framework for
explaining
(1) Environmental influences on development. (answer)
(2) Biological influences on development.

Ar (3) Cognitive development.


(4) Affective processes in development.

u
Sh
29. All of the following advanced principles of child development
that are closely allied to the stimulus response learning theory,
except
(1) Pavilov
(2) J B Waston
ar
(3) Hull
(4) Gesell (answer)
ma
30. The process whereby the genetic factors limit an individual's
responsiveness to the environment is known as
(1) Canalization.
(2) Discontinuity.

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(3) Differentiation.
(4) Range of reaction. (answer)

31. In order to develop the spirit of labour in students

Ar (1) The teacher himself should indulge in labour

u
(2) The teacher should deliver lectures on the importance of
labour

time to time (answer)


Sh
(3) Students should be given opportunities to do labour from

(4) Students should be given examples of laboring people

ar
ma
32. The essential element of the syllabus for the children
remained out of school should be-
(1) Literacy competencies
(2) Life-skills
(3) Numerical competencies
(4) Vocational competencies (answer)

12
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33. A child has been admitted to your school who belongs to a
back ward family/ background from the cultural viewpoint. You
will
(1) Keep him in a class in which, there are many more students

Ar of backward background from the cultural viewpoint


(2) Send a teacher to know more about the backward cultural
background of the child

u
(3) Keep him in a normal class but will make special
arrangements for teaching him, keeping his special needs in
view (answer)
Sh
(4) Advise him to take up vocational education

ar
(1) Early development of a sense of time
(2) Interest in encyclopaedias and dictionaries
ma
34. All of the following can be signs that a child is gifted, except

(3) Uneasy relationships with peers. (answer)


(4) Easy retention of facts

35. If heredity is an important determinant of a specific


behaviour, what prediction can we make about expression of the

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behaviour in identical twins reared apart compared to its
expression in fraternal twins reared apart?
(1) Fraternal twins will express the behaviour more similarly
than identical twins.

Ar (2) There will be little similarity in the expression of the


behaviour in either set of twins.

u
(3) Identical twins will express the behaviour more similarly
than fraternal twins. (answer)

Sh
(4) The behaviour will be expressed as similarly by identical
twins as it is by fraternal twins.

ar
36. Frobel’s most important contribution to education was his
development of the
(1) Vocational school
(2) Public high school
ma
(3) Kindergarten (answer)
(4) Latin School

37. A time bound testing programme for a students should be


implemented in Schools so that-

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(1) The progress of the students should be informed to their
parents
(2) A regular practice can be carried out
(3) The students can be trained for final examinations

Ar (4) The remedial programme can be adopted on the basis of the


feedback from the results (answer)

u
38. Of the following, the main purpose of state certification of
teachers is to
Sh
(1) Monitor the quality of teacher training institutions

ar
(2) Provide for a uniform standard of entry-level teacher
competency throughout the state (answer)

(4) Exclude from the profession those who are mentally


unhealthy
ma
(3) Exclude from the profession those not trained in pedagogy

39. The key difference between evolutionary and cultural


change is that evolutionary change alters __________ whereas
cultural change alters ____________.
(1) Reproduction; environment

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(2) Heredity; environment (answer)
(3) Environment; behaviour
(4) Development; learning

Ar 40. The incorrectly associated pair is

u
(1) Joseph Lancaster –contract plan (answer)
(2) Benjamin Franklin-academy

Sh
(3) James B Conant –high school
(4) Horace Mann –elementary education

ar
41. Which of the following forms of mental retardation is caused
by the presence of an extra chromosome?
(1) Down syndrome (answer)
(2) Cretinism
ma
(3) PKU
(4) Cultural-familial retardation

42. The problem of drop-out in which students leave their


schooling in early years can be tackled in a better way through-

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(1) Reduction of the weight of curriculum
(2) Sympathy of teachers
(3) Attractive environment of the school
(4) Encouragement of the students (answer)

Ar
u
43. The educator who advanced the idea of the five formal steps
in leaving was:
(1) Rousseau
(2) Comenius Sh
(3) Pestalozzi
(4) Herbart (answer) ar
44. Monica is 9 years old and has always done thingsma
independently. However, what her parents tend to find more
bothersome is her total lack of concern about their approval or
disapproval of the things she does. Monica appears
(1) To have developed a healthy attachment to her parents.
(2) To have failed to develop an attachment to her parents.
(answer)

17
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(3) To be redefining her attachment with her parents.
(4) To be overly attached to her parents.

45. If a teacher does not know the answer to a question asked by

Ar a student what he should do?


(1) Give a wrong answer to the students

u
(2) Admit his ignorance (answer)

Sh
(3) put off by promising to tell the next day
(4) Snub the student

ar
46. The disadvantaged child’s chances for success in school will
be maximized when:

ma
(1) He/she is given a high concentration of skills subjects
(2) He/she is provided with vocational training earlier than
other children
(3) He/she is treated like any other child
(4) His/her intellectual potential is discovered and his/her
educational deficiencies are overcome (answer)

18
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47. According to John Bowlby, children become depressed as a
result of
(1) Self-devaluing cognitive schema.
(2) Exposure to prolonged, uncontrollable negative experiences.

Ar (3) Insecure attachments (answer)


(4) Living with depressed parents.

u
Sh
48. “The individual develops through the head, the heart, and
the hand”, this was the educational philosophy of:
(1) Herbart
(2) Comenius
ar
(3) Pestalozzi (answer)
(4) Froebel ma
49. Asking questions form the students is an important aspect of
teaching. What purpose does it achieve?
(1) Students may remain alert
(2) Students should understand the lesson

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(3) Students should participate actively in going through the
lesson
(4) All the three depending on the subject taught (answer)

Ar 50. A teacher can motivate the students by-


(1) giving suitable prizes

u
(2) giving proper guidance (answer)
(3) giving examples

Sh
(4) delivering speech in class

ar
51. A parent of a fourth grader refuse to give permission for her

(1) Refer the matter to the guidance counselor ma


child to go on a class trip. The teacher should first:

(2) Confer with the parent to discuss the educational purpose of


the trip (answer)
(3) Give the class a homework assignment for all parents to sign;
giving reasons why each child wants to go on the trip
(4) Ask another teacher in the same grade to take that child on
the day of the trip

20
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52. The cognitive structures into which children organize their
behaviour and knowledge are called
(1) Accommodations

Ar (2) Frameworks
(3) Operations

u
(4) Schemata (answer)

Sh
53. An increase in comprehension skill is most likely to result
from:
(1) Guided silent reading (answer)
ar
(2) Guided oral reading
(3) Unstructured silent reading
(4) The teacher reading to the class
ma
54. Education is called a triangular process. Which are the three
sides of the triangle?
(1) School, Knowledge, Teacher
(2) Books, School, Teacher

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(3) Social environment, Teacher and Students (answer)
(4) None of these

55. Piaget claimed that all of the following are true of his stages

Ar of cognitive development EXCEPT:


(1) All children progress through the various stages at exactly

u
the same age. (answer)
(2) All children throughout the world pass through the stages in
the same order.
Sh
(3) All normal children reach the stage of concrete operations.

ar
(4) The changes from stage to stage can sometimes be very
abrupt.

ma
56. Kindergarten system of education was contributed by-
(1) T. P. Nunn
(2) Spencer
(3) Froebel (answer)
(4) Montessori

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57. A child who frequently loses his/her place where reading can
be temporarily helped by
(1) Allowing him/her to fingerpoint
(2) Giving him/her a card to place under each line being read

Ar (answer)
(3) Providing him/her with a large-print reader such as those

u
used by the visually handicapped
(4) Letting him/her listen to taped stores

Sh
58. Of the following activities in a science class, the one with
least educational value is
(1) Viewing a filmstrip ar
(2) Constructing a model
(3) Drawing a design
(4) Reading about a simple experiment (answer)
ma
59. Montessori System of education is based on
(1) Freedom to the child to play games
(2) Motivation of children by the teachers

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(3) Development of the talents of the child
(4) Freedom to the child to express his interests (answer)

60. Piaget's theory of cognitive development has been criticized

Ar for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:


(1) Piaget may have been incorrect in suggesting that children

u
pass through the stages in an unvarying sequence.
(2) Certain tasks may be solved without the underlying

Sh
operations that Piaget claimed were necessary.
(3) Piaget underestimated the capabilities of infants.

ar
(4) Cross-cultural findings suggest that Piaget may have
overemphasized the importance of schooling and other
experiential factors. (answer)
ma
61. A teacher notes poor attendance in class on Fridays, the day
weekly tests are given. The teacher should
(1) Call the parents of the absentees
(2) Schedule tests throughout the week (answer)
(3) Do nothing

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(4) Tell the pupils that missing two tests will result in a failing
mark

62. The purpose of new education policy is-

Ar (1) to provide equal opportunity of education to all


(2) to improve the whole education system (answer)

u
(3) to link the education with employment

Sh
(4) to delink the degree with education

ar
63. When 4-year-old Andy hears a concerto on the radio, he
begins to move his hands up and down in a motion that
resembles a person playing the piano. Andy's behaviour
exemplifies Piaget's
(1) Sensorimotor stage.
(2) Preoperational stage. (answer)
ma
(3) Concrete thinking stage.
(4) Formal operational stage.

64. Creative writing should be an activity planned for

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(1) Only those children reading on grade level
(2) Only those children who can spell and also, can write
cohesive sentences
(3) Only those children who want to write for the newspaper of

Ar the class
(4) All children (answer)

u
65. When the majority of pupils in a science class is well below

Sh
grade level in reading, the teacher should
(1) Read to the class from the text book

ar
(2) Plan many hands-on activities (answer)
(3) Show many filmstrips
(4) Prepare many dittoed sheets for the pupils to use
ma
66. There is tension among villagers and you are teacher there.
What will you do ?
(1) You will inform "Gram Pradhan"
(2) You will try to pacify them (answer)
(3) You will report to police

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(4) You will keep distance from them

67. Career education should begin


(1) In kindergarten (answer)

Ar (2) In the third or fourth grades

u
(3) When the child enters junior high school
(4) In high school economics classes

Sh
68. Concrete operations allow the child to

ar
(1) Mentally construct hypotheses and theories.
(2) Imagine the necessary steps in solving a problem.

single property of an object. (answer) ma


(3) Coordinate several characteristics rather than focus on a

(4) Imagine and analyze the thoughts of others compared to the


thoughts of him/ herself.

69. What will you do in leisure time in school ? You will-


(1) take rest in teacher's room
(2) read magazines in library

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(3) talk to clerks in office
(4) check home work of students (answer)

70. Of the following, the most promising step for a teacher to

Ar take in order to improve class discipline is to


(1) Note specific infractions of class rules in the marking book

u
(2) Evaluate his/her materials, methods and approaches to
children (answer)

Sh
(3) Consult the class and agree upon a graduated series of
punishments

ar
(4) Call a parent – teacher meeting to discuss the situation

ma
71. To be successful with an overactive child, the teacher should
(1) Give the child extra written work so he/she will have a
reason for remaining in his/her seat
(2) Allow the child to leave his/her seat whenever he/she
becomes restless
(3) Provide the child with purposeful activities that legitimize
the need for movement (answer)
(4) Isolate the child from the class

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72. …………………… refers to all the mental activities associated
with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
(1) Sensation

Ar (2) Perception
(3) Conception

u
(4) Cognition (answer)

Sh
73. The formal operational thinker is

ar
(1) More tied to reality than the preoperational or concrete
operational child who uses a sort of pseudo-logic.

ma
(2) Exceptionally insightful about the practical aspects of life.
(3) Demanding of a literally true answer to most problems.
(4) Capable of abstraction. (answer)

74. Piaget's theory has been criticized on the basis that


(1) The concepts are not very interesting.
(2) Children do not seem to behave the way he described.
(answer)

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(3) The idea of development following a series of stages has not
been well supported by the evidence.
(4) Assimilation and accommodation do not work the way he
described.

Ar 75. The question "Will the shy child who never speaks turn into

u
a quiet, shy adult or will the child become a sociable, talkative
person?" is concerned with which developmental issue?
(1) Maturation

Sh
(2) Continuity and discontinuity

ar
(3) Cultural universals versus cultural relativism
(4) Nature and nurture (answer)

ma
76. The ____________ approach deals with how individuals
analyze their many sources of information and the numerous
steps used to make sense of this information.
(1) Critical thinking
(2) Information processing (answer)
(3) Cognitive monitoring
(4) Decisional

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77. You show a seven-year-old a grocery shopping list of 10
items and ask him to remember them when you go to the
supermarket. You indicate that he can do this better if he

Ar organizes them into categories such as fruits, dairy products,


and frozen foods. You are teaching the child to improve his
memory via

u
(1) Organization. (answer)
(2) Attention.

Sh
(3) Short-term memory rehearsal.
(4) Salience.

ar
78. What is most important for a teacher ?
(1) to maintain discipline in class
(2) to be punctual in class
ma
(3) to remove difficulties of students (answer)
(4) to be good orator

79. Of the following statements above slow learners and bright


children, the correct one is that

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(1) Bright children are likely to have a higher incidence of
emotional problems
(2) Slow learners are likely to have greater manual dexterity
(3) Slow learners are likely to be physically stronger

Ar (4) Both groups strive for success in school (answer)

u
80. "I am primarily interested in thinking processes; I am a
__________ psychologist."
(1) Cognitive (answer)
(2) Learning
Sh
(3) Perception
ar
(4) Personality

81. According to John Watson, introspection was


ma
(1) A valid method of research.
(2) Unscientific. (answer)
(3) The cornerstone of behaviorism.
(4) The study of the mind in use.

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82. In Piaget’s theory, the sensorimotor stage marks the period
from-
(1) 1 year to 3 years
(2) 2 years to 4 years

Ar (3) Birth to 2 years (answer)


(4) Birth to 4 years

u
Sh
83. The best procedure for a teacher to adopt with a pupil who
frequently stammers in class is to
(1) Afford the child ample opportunity to recite to the class
(2) Ignore the child
ar
ma
(3) Suggest that the parents seek professional help (answer)
(4) Suggest that the parents apply of home instruction

84. "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is


represented by which of the following?
(1) The Gestalt psychologists. (answer)
(2) The behaviorists.
(3) The structuralists.

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(4) The functionalists.

85. The teacher introduces a problem-solving lesson with a good


motivation and then asks for proposed solutions. No suggestions

Ar are forthcoming. The teacher is best advised to


(1) Repeat the motivation until children respond

u
(2) Tell the student to read their text
(3) Show an interesting filmstrip

Sh
(4) Stimulate pupil thought by advancing a few personal
proposals (answer)

86. The term cognition refers to


ar
(1) Predicting the future.
(2) Analysis and synthesis.
ma
(3) Thinking or knowing. (answer)
(4) Introspection.

87. A child from a disorganized home will experience the


greatest difficulty with:

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(1) Well-structured lessons
(2) Independent study (answer)
(3) Programmed instruction
(4) Workbooks

Ar
u
88. Individual differences within a class are best handled by
(1) Coaching slow children after school

Sh
(2) Giving the bright students free reading time
(3) Peer tutoring

ar
(4) Organizing groups for specific purposes (answer)

self-actualization? ma
89. Which of the following best describes Maslow's concept of

(1) The need to protect one's self-image through self-deception


(2) The need to feel a part of a higher spiritual order
(3) The need to develop one's potential fully (answer)
(4) Self-actualization

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90. Kindergarten system of education was contributed by-
(1) T. P. Nunn
(2) Spencer
(3) Froebel (answer)

Ar (4) Montessori

u
91. A child who frequently loses his/her place where reading can
be temporarily helped by

Sh
(1) Allowing him/her to fingerpoint

ar
(2) Giving him/her a card to place under each line being read
(answer)

used by the visually handicapped


(4) Letting him/her listen to taped stores
ma
(3) Providing him/her with a large-print reader such as those

92. Of the following activities in a science class, the one with


least educational value is
(1) Viewing a filmstrip
(2) Constructing a model

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(3) Drawing a design
(4) Reading about a simple experiment (answer)

93. Montessori System of education is based on

Ar (1) Freedom to the child to play games

u
(2) Motivation of children by the teachers
(3) Development of the talents of the child

Sh
(4) Freedom to the child to express his interests (answer)

ar
94. Piaget's theory of cognitive development has been criticized
for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

pass through the stages in an unvarying sequence. ma


(1) Piaget may have been incorrect in suggesting that children

(2) Certain tasks may be solved without the underlying


operations that Piaget claimed were necessary.
(3) Piaget underestimated the capabilities of infants.

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(4) Cross-cultural findings suggest that Piaget may have
overemphasized the importance of schooling and other
experiential factors. (answer)

Ar 95. You are teaching a topic in class and a student ask a


question unrelated to the topic. What will you do ?

u
(1) you will allow him to ask unrelated question
(2) you will not allow him to ask unrealated question

Sh
(3) you will consider it indiscipline and punish him
(4) you will answer the question after the class (answer)

ar
96. A quite, reserved fourth grader brings roadmaps to school

should ma
and looks at them whenever he gets a chance. The teacher

(1) Encourage the pupil to talk about them during a show and
tell period (answer)
(2) Tell the pupil the leave the maps at home
(3) Take the maps away
(4) Plan a unit on maps and globes

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97. The normal twelve –year –old child is most likely to:
(1) Have difficulty with gross motor coordination
(2) Have anxiety feelings about pleasing adults
(3) Confine his/her interests to the here and now

Ar (4) Be eager for peer approval (answer)

u
98. The discovery method of teaching is best exemplified by
(1) Play activities
(2) Rote learning Sh
ar
(3) Independent study projects (answer)
(4) The open textbook lesson

ma
99. In __________ reinforcement, the re-enforcer follows every
correct response.
(1) Intermittent
(2) Partial
(3) Negative
(4) Continuous (answer)

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100. The best procedure for a teacher to follow when a pupil
habitually calls out in class is to
(1) ask for a percent conference

Ar (2) put a demerit in the making book on each occasion


(3) refuse to recognize the pupil even when he/she is acting

u
appropriately
(3) call on the pupil to answer questions that are within his/her
ability level (answer)
Sh
In order to succeed ar
you must fail, ma
so that you know

what not to do

the next time.

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