‫ﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮة ﻣﻮاد اﻹﻧﺸﺎء‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ‪ /‬ﻣﺪﻧﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮة اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫‪Concrete Ingradients‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬
 :Concrete is a composite material, consisting of

cement water
aggregate air

Cement Paste
Binder material .1 Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate
Active material .2 (sand) (gravel)

Filler material .1 volume of concrete 1-3%

Inert material .2 (increase workability)
 cement water sand gravel

Paste ‫اﻟﻌﺠﯿﻨﺔ‬

Mortar ‫اﻟﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬

Concrete‫اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬

By weight
Mix ratios of concrete mixtures

mix ratios (by wt.) (0.5 / 4 : 2 : 1) By volume

mix ratios ( C 300 : S 600 : G 1200 / W 150)

( kg/m3 (weights)
? W/C ratio ? A/C ratio
 Properties of Concrete

Good in Compression and weak in Tension .1 ❖

Concrete has small volume change because of aggregate .2

Concrete is an elastic material .3

.Concrete is a low cost material because its raw materials are available .4

Aggregate occupy ¾ to the volume of concrete .5

Specific gravity or Relative density, is the ratio of the density of a substance to the
density of a given reference material

,S.G of cement = 3.15, S.G of aggregate = (2.6 – 2.7)

S.G. of water = 1.0

 Mix Ratio of Concrete

By weight (for big projects ) .1

By volume (for small projects) .2

:Advantages of air in concrete

Reduce concrete weight .1.
Increase heat and voice insulation .2.

:Disadvantages of air in concrete

Reduce concrete strength, higher air more voids less strength

:To avoid high air content, we should do compacting using

:Methods of Compaction of concrete

Vibrating 2-Compacting steel bar -1
,Ex. A concrete mix (1:2:4/0.5) by weight
Convert the mix ratio by wt. to mix ratio by volume .1 Mix ratios by volume
Draw bar diagram of the mixture .2
16.3% 10.2% 24.4% 49%

water cement sand gravel

Appendix(‫)اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻼت‬

sack of cement = 50 kg 1
kg = 2.204 lb 1
sack of cement = 110 lb (Iraqi sack) 1
yd3= 0.75 m3 1

Length Force Mass

yd = 3 ft 1 kg = 10 N 1 kg = 2.204 lb 1

.ft = 12 in 1 lb/ft2=1 kg/ m3 16.1 litter = 1 kg 1

in. = 2.54 cm 1 Mpa (N/mm2)=145 psi 1 lb/yd3=0.59 kg/m3 1

yd = 0.91 m 1 lb/yd3/110 = sack/yd3 1

m = 1.11 yd sack/ m3 × 0.75 = sack/ yd3

:Volume Method to calculate cement content

.Ex. Calculate of cement content in the mix (1:2:4/0.5) by wt

Weight of cement / m3 = (250 - 550) kg/m3