‫محاضرة مواد اإلنشاء‬

‫المرحلة الثانية ‪ /‬مدني‬

‫المحاضرة االولى‬
‫الجزء الثاني ‪Cement‬‬
 Hydration of Cement
Cement + Water Cement Paste
hydration

Plastic Setting Hardening (strength)

(After few minutes of mixing) (1-24 hours) (≥ 24 hours)

This Table shows the Behavior of each compound with

respect to the properties of cement (‫)مهم‬
Property C3S C2S C3A C4FA

Rate of Hydration medium low Very high medium

Heat evolution medium low Very high medium

Setting rapid slow Very rapid very rapid

Strength high high low low

Cement with low C3A is S.R.P.C. 5% or less

Compounds Effect

Tri-calcium Silicate C3S (45-65)% Responsible for 7-day

strength and 28-strength

Di-calcium Silicate C2S (20-45)% Responsible for 28- day

strength

Tri-calcium Aluminate C3A (5-12)% Responsible of 3-day strength

Tetra-Calcium Aluminate Ferrite C4FA Responsible of Gray color

(6-10%)
 Hydration of Cement

-Theoretical w/c ratio For full hydration

Water Required for full hydration of cement [ in any concrete mixture]:
- When 1.0 cm3 of cement is fully hydration, then the hydration products is
equal to 2.2 cm, then the volume of water is (2.2-1.0)= 1.2 cm3
w/c ratio (by volume) = 1.2
1.0
= 1.2

w/c ratio (by weight) = 1.2 ×1.0 = 0.38

1.0 ×3.15

# #
Vw=1.2 cm3 Water
1.2 hydrated
= 1.0 = 1.2 Vh =2.2 cm3
cement
Vc=1.0 cm3 cement # #