EXERCISE 1: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences

1) ___________, I saw an old friend of mine.

a. While I walking home from work b. While walking home from work
c. While walked home from work d. While walking home work
2) ___________, I brushed my teech.
a. Before I leave my house b. Before I leaving my house
c. Before leaving my house d. Before my house I leaving
3) I fell asleep________________.
a. while I watch TV b. while watching TV
c. while watched TV d. during I was watching TV
4) ____________, a mild earthquake shook the classroom.
a. While the teacher lecturing about adverb clauses
b. While the teacher was lecturing about adverb clauses
c. While lecturing about adverb clauses
d. While lectured about adverb clauses
5) ___________, a dog chased us down the street.
a. While running b. While we were running
c. We were running while d. While running we were
6) ____________, Vanessa has made many friends.
a. Since coming back to her home village b. Since come back to her home village
c. Since she coming back to her home village d. Since comes back to her home village
7) ___________, we saw many deer.
a. While we hiking through the woods yesterday
b. While hiking through the woods yesterday
c. During hiking through the woods yesterday
d. Hike through the woods yesterday
8) ____________, she was not hired for the job.
a. Lacked the necessary qualifications b. When lacking the necessary qualifications
c. Lacking the necessary qualifications d. Because lacking the necessary qualifications
9) _____________, Martha was watching her favorite TV program.
a. While Dave talking to his friend b. While Dave was talked to his friend
c. While Dave was talking to his friend d. Dave was talking to his friend
10) _____________, I need to finish all of my business dealing with my clients.
a. Before leaving for Ha Noi to visit my brother and his family
b. Before leaving for Ha Noi visiting my brother and his family
c. Before left for Ha Noi to visit my brother and his family
d. Before I leaving for Ha Noi to visit my brother and his family
11) ____________, Tracy discovered a new type of virus.
a. While worked on the computer b. While she working on the computer
c.Working on the computer while she d. While working on the computer

12) ___, Hans has been offered a job as a finance manager of a company in Berlin.
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a. Since he finishing his MBA studies b. Since finishing his MBA studies
c. Since finished his MBA studies d. Since he finish his MBA studies
13) Lee always watches TV______.
a. after finished his homework b. after he finished his homework
c. after finishing his homework d. after he finishing his homework
14) ______________, she took the bus to school every morning.
a. Because unable to buy a bicycle b. Because to be unable to buy a bicycle
c. Because to unable buy a bicycle d. Because she unable to buy a bicycle
15) _____________, I discovered that my stereo had been stolen.
a. On that looking into my car b. When I look into my car
c. Looking into my car when I d. On looking into my car
16) We should participate in the movements _________ the natural environment.
a. organizing to conserve b. organized conserving
c. which organize to conserve d. organized to conserve
17) Rubber _______ from vulcanized silicones with a high molecular weight is difficult to distinguish
from natural rubber.
a. is produced b. producing c. that produces d. produced
18) Florida, ________ the Sunshine State, attracts many tourists every year.
a. is b. known as c. is known as d. that is known as
19) While ______ to help Tim with his math, I got impatient because he wouldn’t pay attention to what I
was saying.
a. I am trying b. having tried c. I try d. trying
20) Lightweight luggage enables you to manage easily even when fully _______.
a. loaded b. crowded c. carried d. packed
21) It is necessary to be careful ________your career.
a. when choosing b. when you will choose
c. when you have chosen d. when you chose
22) ________ he was sick, he still turned up for his guitar lesson.
a. Because b. Since c. Although d. Despite
23) ________I love you, I cannot let you have any more money.
a. Much as b. Whether c. Also d. However
24) After he ________work, he went straight home.
a. had finished b. had been finishing c. has finished d. would finish
25) , the Americans are more concerned with physical attractiveness.
a. The choice of a wife or a husband b. When choosing a wife or a husband
c. However a wife or a husband d. Because of a wife or a husband
26) ____________ to the national park before, Sue was amazed to see the geyser.
a. Have not been b. Having not been c. Not having been d. Being not
27) ________ of the shop, my friend came in
a. On coming out b. When coming out c. Coming out d. As I came out

28) We should participate in the movements ________ the natural environment.

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a. organizing to conserve b. organized conserving
c. organized to conserve d. which organize to conserve
29) On _______ he had won, he jumped for joy.
a. telling b. having told c. he has told d. being told
30) ________ increases in population in underdeveloped countries, a lot of problems arise including
health care and social evils.
a. In spite of b. Instead of c. Despite d. Due to

EXERCISE 2:
Choose the underlined part that needs correction so that the sentence becomes correct.
1) The man to speak to me is John’s brother.
2) He is the second person be killed in that way.
3) They work in a hospital sponsoring by the government.
4. A person serves in a shop is called a shop assistant.
5) A dam is wall building across river to shop the river’s flow and collect the water.
6). A paragraph is a portion of a text consist of one or more sentences related to the same idea
7) Found in the 12th century, Oxford University ranks among the world’s oldest universities.
8) Having worked hard during the summer, his result was successful in the entrance exam
9) Entered the room, he discovered that he had lost his hat while shopping in the city centre
10) Having not been to New York before, Susan found the city so attractive.

EXERCISE 3: Reduce the following sentences.

1. The boy asked his mother’s permission and then went out to play.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. As he had drunk too much, he didn’t drive home himself.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. We have done two tests today, so we are exhausted.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. She filled the washing machine and switched it on.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. She had been to disco the night before and she overslept in the morning.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. She had not slept for two days and therefore she wasn’t able to concentrate
……………………………………………………………………………………….………….
8. Since I had not seen him for ages, I didn’t recognize him.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. Jane was the first girl who joined our association.
………………………….……………………………………………………………………….
10. A train leaves at 8 o’clock every morning.
=> There is ………………………..…………………………………………………………….
11.  I've just bought a house which has five stores. 
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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12. The girl who is ten years old is my sister. 
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. Vietnamese students have a summer holiday which lasts 3 months . 
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. Do you want to take part in the trip ? It will last 5 days.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. Few tourists ever see a jaguar, which is a spotted wild cat that is native to tropical America. 
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
17. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
18. This is the second person who was killed in that way.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
19. The man who is in the house is my father.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
20. The books that are on the desk are mine.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
21. We had a river in which we could swim. 
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
22. Here are some accounts that you must check. 
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
23. The mistakes which you have to correct are very important. 
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
24. We visited Hanoi, which is the capital of Viet Nam. 
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
25. A robber who was carrying a gun threatened to shoot them.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
26. The pot in which there is no food is thrown away.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
27. The man who is wearing dark glasses lives nextdoor to us.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
28. Julia won’t speak to the boy first as she is too shy.
……….…………………………………..………………………………………………………….
29. Mother left the room rather quickly because she didn’t want to wake us up.
……………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….
30. As there are no more questions, I think we can end the meeting.
=> There …………………………………………………………………….